185 research outputs found
The Prostate_Cancer_CISH_HE_Epithelium_Segmentation dataset
No full textThe Prostate_cISH_Epithelium_Segmentation Dataset
Corresponding author: Henrik Sahlin Pettersen ([email protected])
Consultant Pathologist / Associate Professor, St. Olav's Hospital / NTNU, Trondheim, Norway
Short Webpage Description
This dataset provides high-resolution histopathological images and corresponding expert-annotated segmentation masks, specifically designed for developing AI models for prostate epithelium segmentation. The images feature Chromogenic In Situ Hybridization (cISH) staining for various miRNAs, alongside controls and standard Hematoxylin & Eosin (HE) stains. Data originates from 70 patients: 30 with prostate cancer (PCa) and 40 with benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH).
Sample Collection
Prostate Cancer (PCa): 30 patients. Samples include normal glandular epithelium (core type 'a'), Gleason 3 pattern (core type 'b'), and Gleason 4 pattern (core type 'c'), ideally in triplicate for each marker.
Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia (BPH): 40 patients. Samples consist of triplicate normal glandular epithelium for each marker.
Markers and Controls
Data is provided for the following stains, each organized into its own top-level folder:
miRNAs: miR‑550A, miR‑1246, miR‑3614, miR‑4326, miR‑4632, miR‑4742, miR‑4754, miR‑7850
Controls: U6 (Positive), Scr (Negative)
Standard Stain: Hematoxylin & Eosin (HE)
Data Format & Organization
Each high-resolution image (.jpg) has a corresponding pixel-level segmentation mask (.png) delineating the prostate epithelium, suitable for training deep learning models. Segmentation masks are single-channel images where pixel value 0 indicates background and pixel value 255 indicates epithelium.
The data is organized first by marker, then by tissue type/origin. Within each marker's top-level folder (e.g., HE/, 550A/), the structure is:
[Marker]/
├── Normal/
│ ├── Normal_TURP_BPH/ (Images/masks from BPH patients)
│ └── Normal_Prostatectomy/ (Normal core 'a' images/masks from PCa patients)
└── Cancer/
└── Cancer_Prostatectomy/ (Gleason 3/4 core 'b'/'c' images/masks from PCa patients)
All image and mask files are located directly within the innermost folders (Normal_TURP_BPH, Normal_Prostatectomy, Cancer_Prostatectomy). Filenames encode marker, patient type, anonymized ID, sample number, core type, and optional experimental details.
Terms of Use
Distributed under a CC0 license for open research and development.
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Mediebilden av kvinnor och män i politiken : En kvantitativ studie av mediernas gestaltning av Mona Sahlin och Fredrik Reinfeldt i den svenska valrörelsen 2010
No full textThe reporting of the media will never be an exact copy of reality. Through medias way of presenting, or framing, the world that surround us all they must also affect our interpretation of it. The role of the journalist includes both chosing and excluding in the way they describe things. Studies have been made by the wellknown mediaresearcher, Kent Asp, that show how media reported in more negative wordings about Mona Sahlin, than her opponent Fredrik Reinfeldt in the period building up to the swedish elections 2010. The purpose of our study has been to compare how these politicians were being described, or framed, in the media, in regards to their gender.Our study has shown that Mona Sahlin more often than Fredrik Reinfeldt was described as being less knowledgeable, and were mentioned in the context of scandals or conflicts. Sahlin was also, more often than Reinfeldt, mentioned in articles where the subjects of healthcare, schooling and education, and equality between men and women. Where as Reinfeldt was, more often than Sahlin, mentioned in articles where the subjects were the labour market, economy and foreign politics
Turning down lipid oxidation during heavy exercise - What is the mechanism?
No full textA high potential for lipid oxidation is a sign of metabolic fitness and is important not
only for exercise performance but also for health promotion. Despite considerable
progress during recent years, our understanding of how lipid oxidation is controlled
remains unclear. The rate of lipid oxidation reaches a peak at 50-60% of v·O2 max after
which the contribution of lipids decreases both in relative and absolute terms. In the
high-intensity domain (>60% v·O2 max), there is a pronounced decrease in energy state,
which will stimulate the glycolytic rate in excess of the substrate requirements of
mitochondrial oxidative processes. Accumulation of glycolytic products will impair
lipid oxidation through an interaction with the carnitine-mediated transfer of FA into
mitochondria. Another potential site of control is Acyl-CoA synthetase (ACS), which
is the initial step in FA catabolism. The activity of ACS may be under control of
CoASH and energy state. There is evidence that additional control points exist
beyond mitochondrial influx of fatty acids. The electron transport chain (ETC) with
associated feed-back control by redox state is one suggested candidate. In this review
it is suggested that the control of FA oxidation during heavy exercise is distributed
between ACS, CPT1, and ETC
Muscle energetics during explosive activities and potential effects of nutrition and training.
No full textThe high-energy demand during high-intensity exercise (HIE) necessitates that anaerobic processes cover an extensive part of the adenosine triphosphate (ATP) requirement. Anaerobic energy release results in depletion of phosphocreatine (PCr) and accumulation of lactic acid, which set an upper limit of anaerobic ATP production and thus HIE performance. This report focuses on the effects of training and ergogenic supplements on muscle energetics and HIE performance. Anaerobic capacity (i.e. the amount of ATP that can be produced) is determined by the muscle content of PCr, the buffer capacity and the volume of the contracting muscle mass. HIE training can increase buffer capacity and the contracting muscle mass but has no effect on the concentration of PCr. Dietary supplementation with creatine (Cr), bicarbonate, or beta-alanine has a documented ergogenic effect. Dietary supplementation with Cr increases muscle Cr and PCr and enhances performance, especially during repeated short periods of HIE. The ergogenic effect of Cr is related to an increase in temporal and spatial buffering of ATP and to increased muscle buffer capacity. Bicarbonate loading increases extracellular buffering and can improve performance during HIE by facilitating lactic acid removal from the contracting muscle. Supplementation with beta-alanine increases the content of muscle carnosine, which is an endogenous intracellular buffer. It is clear that performance during HIE can be improved by interventions that increase the capacity of anaerobic ATP production, suggesting that energetic constraints set a limit for performance during HIE
The winner takes it all : En kvalitativ bildanalys av hur Mona Sahlin och Fredrik Reinfeldt gestaltades i bild i valet 2010
No full textSyfte: I våra svenska tidningar har bilderna fått ta mer och mer plats och får därmed större möjlighet att påverka läsaren med egna tolkningar av bilden. Det har lett till en debatt kring hur bilder används för att gestalta våra politiker på nyhetsplats. En grupp journalister som kallar sig Den allierade journalisten uppmärksammade att det, enligt dem, fanns en skillnad i hur Mona Sahlin och Fredrik Reinfeldt porträtterades i bild under valspurten 2010. Senare redovisade journalistprofessor Kent Asp att vissa tidningar varit extra hårda i sin bevakning av Mona Sahlin i nyhetstexter. Med anledning av detta finner vi det intressant att undersöka och analysera tidningarna Dagens Nyheter, Svenska Dagbladet, Aftonbladet och Expressens bilder av Mona Sahlin och Fredrik Reinfeldt de sista veckorna innan valet 2010. Med en djupgående analys av materialet vill vi se hur de båda partiledarna framställs, om det är några skillnader mellan framställningen av de båda, samt om det fanns någon skillnad mellan tidningarna i hur de framställde Mona Sahlin och Fredrik Reinfeldt. Metod: Vår undersökning har utförts genom en kvalitativ semiologisk bildanalys av Aftonbladet, Expressen, Dagens Nyheter och Svenska Dagbladet och hur de gestaltade Mona Sahlin och Fredrik Reinfeldt i valet 2010. Urvalet har gjorts genom en denotativ genomgång av det totala antalet bilder på de båda där de figurerat på tidningens framsida med tillhörande sidor till artikeln inne i tidningen. Sedan har vi konnotativt analyserat ett representativt urval av bilder av de bilder som vi gick igenom i föregående steg. Den semiotiska bildanalysen fokuserar på konnotationer med miljöer, symboler och tecken samt de känslor betraktaren får beroende på den kulturella bakgrund betraktaren har. Slutsats: Det går att se skillnader i framställningen av Mona Sahlin och Fredrik Reinfeldt. Skillnaden ses tydligast i kvällstidningarna Aftonbladet och Expressen. Överlag så är bilderna och rubrikerna om henne negativt vinklade och handlar mer om henne som person än om den politik som hon framför. Fredrik Reinfeldts politik får också stå tillbaka till förmån för artiklar om honom, men i de bilder han syns så är de till stor grad positiva. Redan tidigt i valspurten utmålas Reinfeldt som en vinnare av de båda kvällstidningarna, vilket fortsätter synas hela vägen till valdagen. Kvällstidningarna gestaltar kampen mellan Reinfeldt och Sahlin mer som spel än sak, något som dagstidningarna inte gör till lika stor grad. Dagstidningarna tar upp sakfrågorna oftare än kvällstidningarna, men bildmässigt använder de sig av liknande bildspråk som kvällstidningarna. Bilderna i Dagens Nyheter och Svenska Dagbladet är också de till Reinfeldts fördel, respektive Sahlins nackdel. Bilderna kan analyseras på ett djupare plan än kvällstidningarna som ofta förankrar sina bilder i en rubrik för att tolkningen av bilden ska bli mer stängd. Bilderna i dagstidningarna är mer ödesmättade och genomtänkta, och framställer ofta Reinfeldt som en vinnare, men Sahlin som en ensam förlorare.
Concurrent Constraint Programming at SICS with the Andorra Kernel Language (Extended Abstract)
No full text) Seif Haridi Sverker Janson Johan Montelius Torkel Franz'en Per Brand Kent Boortz Bjorn Danielsson Bjorn Carlson Torbjorn Keisu Dan Sahlin Thomas Sjoland SICS, Box 1263, S-164 28 KISTA Tel +46-8-752 15 00, Fax +46-8-751 72 30 E-mail fseif, [email protected] Abstract SICS is investigating a new generation of languages for symbolic processing that are based on the paradigm of concurrent constraint programming. A wide range of pertinent topics are being studied. In particular our efforts are devoted to producing a high quality programming environment based on the Andorra Kernel Language (AKL), a general purpose concurrent constraint language. 1 Introduction Concurrent constraint programming (CCP) is a powerful paradigm for programming with constraints while being based on simple concepts [9, 11]. A set (or conjunction) of constraints, regarded as formulas in firstorder logic, forms a constraint store. A number of agents interact with the store using the two operations tell, which adds..
Control of lipid oxidation at the mitochondrial level
No full textUdgivelsesdato: 2009-JunThe rate of lipid oxidation during exercise is controlled at several sites, and there is a reciprocal dependency between oxidation of lipids and carbohydrates (CHO). It is well known that the proportion of the 2 fuels oxidized is influenced by substrate availability and exercise intensity, but the mechanisms regulating fuel preferences remain unclear. During intense exercise, oxidation of long-chain fatty acids (LCFAs) decreases, and the major control is likely to be at the mitochondrial level. Potential mitochondrial sites for control of lipid oxidation include transport of LCFAs into mitochondrial matrix, beta-oxidation, the tricarboxylic acid cycle, and the electron transport chain (ETC). CHO catabolism may impair lipid oxidation by interfering with the transfer of LCFAs into mitochondria and by competing for mutual cofactors (i.e., nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide and (or) coenzyme A (CoA)). The different effect of energy state on the catabolism of CHO and lipids is likely to be of major importance in explaining the shift in fuel utilization during intensive exercise. Formation of acetyl-CoA from CHO is activated by a low energy state, and will lead to accumulation of products that are inhibitory to lipid oxidation. In contrast, beta-oxidation of LCFAs to acetyl-CoA is not stimulated by a low energy state. Further interaction between CHO and LCFAs may occur by substrate competition for electron carriers at ETC, due to provisions of electrons through different complexes. Feedback inhibition of beta-oxidation by redox state is thought to be an important mechanism for the slowing of lipid oxidation during intensive exercise
Four weeks of speed endurance training reduces energy expenditure during exercise and maintains muscle oxidative capacity despite a reduction in training volume
No full textWe studied the effect of an alteration from regular endurance to speed endurance training on muscle oxidative capacity, capillarization, as well as energy expenditure during submaximal exercise and its relationship to mitochondrial uncoupling protein 3 (UCP3) in humans. Seventeen endurance-trained runners were assigned to either a speed endurance training (SET; n = 9) or a control (Con; n = 8) group. For a 4-wk intervention (IT) period, SET replaced the ordinary training ( approximately 45 km/wk) with frequent high-intensity sessions each consisting of 8-12 30-s sprint runs separated by 3 min of rest (5.7 +/- 0.1 km/wk) with additional 9.9 +/- 0.3 km/wk at low running speed, whereas Con continued the endurance training. After the IT period, oxygen uptake was 6.6, 7.6, 5.7, and 6.4% lower (P < 0.05) at running speeds of 11, 13, 14.5, and 16 km/h, respectively, in SET, whereas remained the same in Con. No changes in blood lactate during submaximal running were observed. After the IT period, the protein expression of skeletal muscle UCP3 tended to be higher in SET (34 +/- 6 vs. 47 +/- 7 arbitrary units; P = 0.06). Activity of muscle citrate synthase and 3-hydroxyacyl-CoA dehydrogenase, as well as maximal oxygen uptake and 10-km performance time, remained unaltered in both groups. In SET, the capillary-to-fiber ratio was the same before and after the IT period. The present study showed that speed endurance training reduces energy expenditure during submaximal exercise, which is not mediated by lowered mitochondrial UCP3 expression. Furthermore, speed endurance training can maintain muscle oxidative capacity, capillarization, and endurance performance in already trained individuals despite significant reduction in the amount of training
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