3 research outputs found
An Archaic Compound Suffix in Old Uyghur: plus DXrtI
No full textAs many world languages, Turkic also has simple suffixes in terms of structure, as well as complex suffixes with controversial origins. Although some of these suffixes have been systematized and bound to certain rules, the emergence of some suffixes still remains a mystery. Old Uyghur, which is one of the historical periods of the Turkic language, has such an undeciphered suffix. The compound suffix of +DXrtI has been evaluated by some researchers to date; however, no definite conclusion has been reached regarding its origin and function. For this purpose, various structures in Altaic languages will be examined and a connection will be made between this suffix and the 'extraordinary' examples seen in Old Uyghur
A DIFFERENT CONCEPTUAL RELATIONSHIP IN THE LANGUAGE - SENSE SYSTEMS: THE PRINCIPLE OF DIRECTIONALITY IN THE SAMPLE OF OLD TURKIC
No full textİnsanoğlunun varlığının ve düşünce sistemlerinin temeline yerleştirilen “mekânda var olma” gerçeği, dil sistemlerini oluşturan çeşitli formlarda etkisini göstermektedir. Mekânın içinde bulunma, aynı zamanda mekânın çeşitli öz niteliklerinin de düşünce sistemlerinde kullanılmasını gerektirmekte; buna bağlı olarak ifade biçimlerinin mekânsal özelliklere göre meydana gelmesine ve doğrudan mekâna bağlı olmasına sebep olmaktadır. Bir nevi fizik ve metafor sistemlerini bir araya getiren bu sonucun diller üzerinde oldukça fazla izleri bulunmaktadır. Mekâna ait yatay, dikey ve yan eksenlerdeki ileri/geri, aşağı/yukarı ve sağ/sol gibi altı yön, kimi dil birimlerinde gramerleşme ve kelime türetimlerinden farklı morfolojik ve sentaktik stratejilere kadar birçok dillik sahada mantıksal ilişkileri düzenlemektedir. Modern ve tarihsel dil dönemlerinde tespit edilen dil formlarının büyük bir kısmının yukarıdaki yönlere bağlı kök formlardan türetilerek kimi metaforik ve kavramsal gelişimler gösterdiği anlaşılmaktadır. Bunlar, literatürde “yönlülük ilkesi” olarak nitelendirilebilecek bazı ilkeler çerçevesinde meydana gelmektedir.Bu çalışmada, Türkçenin çeşitli açılardan gelişimlerinin takip edildiği ilk yazılı dönemi olan Eski Türkçedeki yönlülüğe bağlı olarak gelişen çeşitli formlar ve bunların kavramsal ilişkileri değerlendirilecektir. Daha önce yapılan çeşitli çalışmalardan hareketle ortaya konulmuş yönlülük ilkelerinin doğurduğu sonuçlar ele alınacak ve Türkçenin yönlülük ilkesine bağlı stratejileri teorik açıdan irdelenecektir
Nationwide prospective audit for the evaluation of appendicitis risk prediction models in adults: Right iliac fossa treatment (RIFT) - Turkey
No full textBackground: Appendicitis is the most prevalent surgical emergency. The negative appendicectomy rate and diagnostic uncertainty are important concerns. This study aimed to assess the effectiveness of current appendicitis risk prediction models in patients with acute right iliac fossa pain. Methods: A nationwide prospective observational study was conducted, including all consecutive adult patients who presented with right iliac fossa pain. Diagnostic, clinical and negative appendicectomy rate data were recorded. The Alvarado score, Appendicitis Inflammatory Response (AIR), Raja Isteri Pengiran Anak Saleha Appendicitis (RIPASA) and Adult Appendicitis Score systems were calculated with collected data to classify patients into risk categories. Diagnostic value and categorization performance were evaluated, with use of risk category-based metrics including 'true positive rate' (percentage of appendicitis patients in the highest risk category), 'failure rate' (percentage of patients with appendicitis in the lowest risk category) and 'categorization resolution' (true positive rate/failure rate). Results: A total of 3358 patients from 84 centres were included. Female patients were less likely to undergo surgery than men (71.5% versus 82.5% respectively; relative risk 0.866, 95% c.i. 0.834 to 0.901, P 0.001); with a three-fold higher negative appendicectomy rate (11.3% versus 4.1% respectively; relative risk 2.744, 95% c.i. 2.047 to 3.677, P 0.001). Ultrasonography was utilized in 56.8% and computed tomography in 75.2% of all patients. The Adult Appendicitis Score had the best diagnostic performance for the whole population; however, only RIPASA was significant in men. All scoring systems were successful in females patients, but Adult Appendicitis Score had the highest area under the receiver operating characteristic curve value. The RIPASA and the Adult Appendicitis Score had the best categorization resolution values, complemented by their exceedingly low failure rates in both male and female patients. Alvarado and AIR had extremely high failure rates in men. Conclusion: The negative appendicectomy rate was low overall, but women had an almost three-fold higher negative appendicectomy rate despite lower likelihood to undergo surgery. The overuse of imaging tests, best exemplified by the 75.2% frequency of patients undergoing computed tomography, may lead to increased costs. Risk-scoring systems such as RIPASA and Adult Appendicitis Score appear to be superior to Alvarado and AIR. © 2024 The Author(s). Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of BJS Foundation Ltd.Tibbi Akademi
