1,721,081 research outputs found
Emploi et négociations salariales dans une union monétaire ouverte
No full textEmployment and Wage Bargaining in an Open Monetary Union by Pierre Cahuc and Hubert Kempf
This paper studies the effect of alternative wage bargaining procedures, differing by level of centralisation and by time scale, in two countries where wages are negotiated for two periods in an open monetary union. It shows that the best solution for employment depends on the nature of externalities among the Union's countries and even on the extent of foreign trade and the extent of national production differentiation.Emploi et négociations salariales dans une union monétaire ouverte par Pierre Cahuc et Hubert Kempf
Cet article étudie l'incidence de modes alternatifs de négociation des salaires, différant par le niveau de centralisation et le profil temporel, dans une union monétaire ouverte, à deux pays où les salaires sont négociés pour deux périodes. Il montre que la meilleure solution pour l'emploi dépend de la nature des externalités entre les pays de l'Union, ou encore de l'importance du degré d' ouverture et du degré de différenciation des productions nationales.Cahuc Pierre, Kempf Hubert. Emploi et négociations salariales dans une union monétaire ouverte. In: Économie & prévision, n°128, 1997-2. L'intégration européenne : nouveaux enjeux. pp. 101-114
La fin du fédéralisme aux États-Unis ?
No full textTHE END OF FEDERALISM IN THE UNITED STATES ?, by HUBERT KEMPF AND MARIE-FRANCE TOINET
After reviewing the changes that the definition and policy (particularly with regard to the independence of local authorities) of American federalism has undergone since the original intentions and compromises, an attempt has been made to show to what extent the centralisation process — already far advanced — has become irreversible. Actual analysis of the « new federalism », presented by R. Nixon as a return to first principles, shows that it was above all an attempt at rationalisation which mainly gave Washington increased control over all sub-national authorities. All in all, while retaining federal appearances — which is nonetheless important but which may tend to be dysfunctional rather than effective — central political control has become the rule, thanks in particular to the financial resources at the federal State's disposal and which it uses with great skill to generate competition between its federated partners. The sub-national units are too tempted by Washington to counter-attack, and can only retreat while endeavouring — but in a random manner which makes them weaker still — to preserve the few positions remaining to them.
[Revue française de science politique XXX (4), août 1980, pp. 735-775.]LA FIN DU FÉDÉRALISME AUX ÉTATS-UNIS ?, par HUBERT KEMPF ET MARIE-FRANCE TOINET
Après avoir passé en revue l'évolution qu'avaient subie, depuis les intentions et les compromis originels, la définition et la politique (notamment en ce qui concerne l'autonomie des collectivités locales) du fédéralisme américain, on s'est attaché à démontrer combien le processus de centralisation, fort avancé, était devenu irréversible. L'analyse même du « nouveau fédéralisme », présenté par R. Nixon comme un retour aux sources, montre qu'il s'agissait surtout d'une tentative de rationalisation, permettant avant tout à Washington de mieux contrôler l'ensemble des autorités sub-nationales. Au total, sous des apparences fédérales — qui n'en gardent pas moins d'importance mais dont le rôle est peut-être plus dysfonctionnel que générateur d'efficacité — le contrôle politique central, grâce, en particulier, aux moyens financiers dont dispose l'Etat fédéral et qu'il utilise avec une grande habileté pour créer la concurrence entre ses partenaires fédérés, est devenu la règle ; les unités sub-nationales trop tentées par Washington pour contre-attaquer, ne peuvent plus que battre en retraite, en tentant de maintenir — en ordre dispersé, ce qui contribue à leur faiblesse — les quelques positions qui leur restent.
[Revue française de science politique XXX (4), août 1980, pp. 735-775.]Toinet Marie-France, Kempf Hubert. La fin du fédéralisme aux États-Unis ?. In: Revue française de science politique, 30ᵉ année, n°4, 1980. pp. 735-775
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
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