17 research outputs found
Telegram from Mr. and Mrs. Raymond B. Kelly to Minnie Meacham Carter
No full textTelegram from Mr. and Mrs. Raymond B. Kelly to Minnie Meacham Carter upon the death of Amon Giles Carter. The telegram expresses condolences about his death.https://mavmatrix.uta.edu/specialcollections_meachamcarterpapers/1416/thumbnail.jp
The economic and law of rent control
No full textThe authors construct a model of second-generation rent control, describing a regime that does not permit rent increases for sitting tenants--or their eviction. When an apartment becomes vacant, however, the landlord is free to negotiate a new contract with a higher rent. They argue that this stylized system is a good (though polar) approximation of rent control regimes that exist in many cities in India, the United States, and elsewhere. Under such a regime, if inflation exists, landlords prefer to rent to tenants who plan to stay only a short time. The authors assume that there are different types of tenants (where"type"refers to the amount of time tenants stay in an apartment) and that landlords are unable to determine types before they rent to a tenant. Contracts contingent on departure date are forbidden, so a problem of adverse selection arises. Short stayers are harmed by rent control while long-term tenants benefit. In addition, the equilibrium is Pareto inefficient. The authors show that when tenant types are determined endogenously (when a tenant decides how long to stay in one place based on market signals) in the presence of rent control, there may be multiple equilibria, with one equilibrium Pareto-dominated by another. In other words, many lifestyle choices are made based on conditions in the rental housing market. One thing rent control may do is decrease the mobility of the labor force, because tenants may choose to remain in a city where they occupy rent-controlled apartments rather than accept a higher-paying job in another city. The authors show that abolishing the rent control regime can do two things: shift the equilibrium to a better outcome and result in lower rents, across the board.International Terrorism&Counterterrorism,Economic Theory&Research,Health Economics&Finance,Housing&Human Habitats,Payment Systems&Infrastructure,International Terrorism&Counterterrorism,Banks&Banking Reform,Economic Theory&Research,Health Economics&Finance,Housing&Human Habitats
Learning and monetary policy shifts
No full textThis paper estimates a dynamic stochastic equilibrium model in which agents use a Bayesian rule to learn about the state of monetary policy. Monetary policy follows a nominal interest rate rule that is subject to regime shifts. The following results are obtained. First, the author's policy regime estimates are consistent with the popular view that policy was marked by a shift to a high-inflation regime in the early 1970s, which ended with Volcker's stabilization policy at the beginning of the 1980s. Second, while Bayesian posterior odds favor the "full-information" version of the model in which agents know the policy regime, the fall of inflation and interest rates in the disinflation episode in the early 1980s is better captured by the delayed response of the "learning" specification. Third, the author examines the magnitude of the expectations-formation effect of monetary policy interventions in the "learning" specification by comparing impulse responses to a version of the model in which agents ignore the information contained in current and past monetary policy shocks about the likelihood of a regime shift.Equilibrium (Economics) ; Monetary policy ; Macroeconomics ; Inflation (Finance) ; Forecasting
The Spark, Volume 5, No. 3
No full textTIie l11arll Volume 5
Number3
CENTRAL PIEDMONT COMMUNITY COLLEGE
Taylor Hall 102 Charlotte, North Carolina
N4CSGA
Tuesday November 18 , 1980
(704) 373-6751, 373-6665
Students host state convention
Remote Correspondent:
Joyce Rorie
Charlotte, NC- Central Piedmont
Community College hosted the
1980 Fall Conference of the
North Carolina Comprehensive
Community College Student Government
Association (N4C) at
the Holiday Inn North. The
conference began October 29
and ran through November 2,
1980. Student leaders statewide
gathered for the event.
Mayor Eddie Knox launched the
student convention with a speech
opening its morning General Assembly
. The mayor was warmly received
by the congregation .
Luncheon was served later to more
than 200 student delegates in the
motel's Wagoner Convention Center.
Following the meal , keynote speaker
Bob Gelinas gave a speech on "The
Quality of Life." Psychologist Gelinas
is CPCC's internal Consultant for
Staff Development.
The gist of his speech was "no one
can make you happy- only you can
create happiness in your own life."
Gelinas seemed to have a positive
impact on the audience . A questionand-
answer period followed his speech.
N4C president Ed Cianferra, vicepresident
Gayle Bolton, Special Advisor
to the President Alan Sizemore,
treasurer Deana Absher, and CPCC
Delegation Chairman Carl Sanburg
shared the dais with Gelinas.
The N4C holds three seasonal conventions
yearly , beginning with its
Fall Confe rence. Delegates from more
than 35 community and technical
colleges gather to plan future activities
for their respective student governrr.en t
associations.
Student reaction to the N4C conference
was mixed. Student Government
Association (SGA) president
David Kennedy, of Davidson County
Community College, remarked that
"conference registration was slow and
awkward- and I had a poor impression
of the banquet room . But, overall,
CPCC did a great job of it."
June Cartwright, SGA secretary
from Beaufort Community College ,
Sparkphoto: John Chiles
stated that she "loved the keynote
speaker- but the conference itself
could have been better organized."
Jan Foster, another out-of-town
delegate , commented that " the whole
thing was very interesting. I really
liked being in Charlotte , and enjoyed
the conference very much . This was
my first one- I'd like to come
back again ."
During the ,fo ur-day conference,
several festive events were planned.
These included an informal disco
the first night and a masquerade dance
after the banquet on Halloween Night.
The N4C Fall Conference officially
ended Sunday, November 2 , at
11 :00 a.m.
§pot.
liaht'
by Jimmy Brock
with Karen Helms
She was given the name Deng
Yun at birth. The meaning of
the Cantonese name is "born to
make music" and she rightfully
lives up to her name. Most of
America knows her as Yvonne
Deng. She is a student of English
and piano at CPCC. Both the
singer and her music are equally
captivating.
One of the most fascinating things
about her is that she is from the
People's Republic of China. She
dresses in American attire, with simplicity
and style. Her manner is charming
and gracious. She seems to have a
strong inner quality that gives her a
warm personal magnetism. She also
has a deightful sense of humor.
Prior to coming to Charlotte,
Yvonne Deng traveled in Europe ,
performing in West Germany and
Austria during an extensive tour with
the Berlin State Orchestra. She sang
the "Habanera" from the opera
"Carmen", the "Rosina" aria from
"Barber of Seville" , and a wide repertoire
of Chinese music in the Vienna
Palais. The European audiences responded
warmly to her music.
Tl].e 32 year-old soloist is a 1976
honors gtaduate of Beijing Central
_Conservatory of Music in the People's
Repul:>lic of China. She is a powerful
mezzo-soprano, accomplished in Chinese
opera and the music of Dvorak,
Rossini, Bizet, and Puccini.
An introductory letter from Professor
Yu 1-Hsuan; ,¥ic~-director of the
Beijing Central Conservatory, describes
Yvonne as having "an excellent
voice of wide range and beautiful
tonal color." Gene Bryant, head of
Central Piedmont's Performing Arts
Department, comments that "she has
a magnificient, beautiful voice-she
projects amazing energy and power."
Student Yvonne Deng
Born to make music
Sparkphoto: Diane Davis/media produc:tions
Voice Professor Guo Shu-Zhen, Beijing
Central Conservatory, comments by
letter on Yvonne's "splendid and
passionate perfonnance .'_'
The singer was unable to pursue her
career for eight years following the
1966 Cultural Revolution in China,
since that "would have distracted
from political goals." She feels that
she has "lost much time" and plans
further musical study at Julliard in
New York while in America.
"I ·have good feelings about China,"
she says. "My government allowed me
to study in America." Yvonne is not
certain of future plans. "I don't
know if I'll stay here-China is making
much progress. I might return home
in three or four years," she added.
Most of the singer's family resides
in Charlotte. She lives with her
husband, Alan, a Chinese water color
artist and ~ graduate of China's leading
art u_niversity. Her mother and younger
sister also live in Charlotte. Her mother
is a Christian, but Yvonne has no
religious preferences. Her father
lives in Hong Kong and she has an
older sister in mainland China.
Yvonne Deng has only been in
America for a few months. She has
developed many new friends, due to
her warm personality.
Born in the Canton region of South
China, she admits she does not care for
American "Chinese Restaurant" food
- she thinks it lacks flavor. She prefers
to cook at home and "loves
fried chicken."
While a student here, Yvonne
Deng will appear in the CPCC Wednesday
Recitals Series. Parts of her
performance may be excerpts or
arias from her recorded music. The
singer made numerous record albums
and tapes while in China and during
her European tours.
Even in the light of her many
successes and talents , she still feels
that she should learn fluent English
before fully resuming her
operatic career.
fllustration: Jimmy Broc:k
On October 24, 1980, the recreation
room in Taylor Hall
was the scene of the amazing
capabilities of Pool Professional,
Nick Varner. A native of Owensboro,
Kentucky, Varner said,
"the thing that impressed me to
become a pool player was when
I was young, my dad would take
me to see the best pool players
around our area." He thought
that "It would be great to be
the best." A few years later
he started up the ladder by
becoming a prcfessional while
attending Purdue University
in 1970.
At the age of 32, he is the World
Champion Pool Player by beating the
defending world champion, Mike Sego.
Varner holds a record of 307 consecutive
shots. This year he remains
undefeated.
He has established his own Recreation
Center in Owensboro. The
room consists of 17 pool tables and an
arcade with billiard supplies. He
Pool shark
performs
goes there frequently to perform
exhibitions.
Varner's performance in the recroom
began at 11: 10 with "straight
pool." He discussed the techniques
while he demonstrated his abilities.
Some major points he made on the
game · of straight pool were, "when
you are breaking, you need to make
sure that 2 balls hit the rails. You try
and get the cue ball where you want
it and then clean house. This is totally
a game of strategy . It is also
a game of defense. If you make a
call and the ball goes in the wrong
pocket, you spot one up and loose
a turn. If you scratch, you loose
a point."
Varner also did a few trick shots.
Some shots were made with trick
balls 'but most of them were completely
technique. Some trick shots
that were performed here were Chinese
pool, Silver dollar hits, wing shots,
and the railroad shot. Varner said
"Pool is like baseball, three strikes
and you're out." He made most of
the shots on the first try, but it took
him two shots to get a few . One of
his most interesting shots was the
bank shot, which has been performed
by Minnesota Fats and also in the
movie "The Hustler."
Varner chose four students from theaudience
to hit some of his trick shots.
First Gail Trevathan, who finally
made the shot on the third attempt.
Troy Berry excellently accomplished
his shot on the first try. Franklin
Vinson and Troy Rang also made the
shot on the first attempt.
Last, but not least , came the
"challange" matches. In the singles,
CPCC champ Bob Jackson lost to
Varner, as did first runner-up Bob
Dixon. Jimmy Andrews also lost
to Varner.
In the doubles, Ronnie Blackman
and Myron Patton beat the "pool
shark" and Pat Ross. Troy Berry
and Larry Keith also upset Varner
and Ross.
The last event was the duel match
between student activities director
Ross Surphlis and Varner. It was a
fair win for Surphlis. This exhibition
with the "pool shark" was an interesting
and enjoyable event for everyone
who attended.
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Class Ads
Student Publications welcome classified
advertising from members of the
CPCC community ... Bring them by
The Spark office in room 102 of
Taylor Hall (behind the Rec Room)
or call 373-6751.
. . ..... FOR SALE ....... .
- 1 Rhodes Electric Piano, 1 Micromoog
Synthesizer, 1 Acoustic Amp,
1 Mxr Phase 90, 1 Mxr Noise gate,
1 Boss Chorus CE-2, 1 Sanyo In-Dash
Cassette Player with AM/FM. Call
372-7146.
- Gibson 1967 J45 6 string acoustic
guitar. Jumbo body, thin neck,
adjustable bridge. 995. Call Ron Johnson
537-5294.
- 4 Piece Lyra Drum Set, red sparkle,
excellent condition. Call 535-5850
ask for Ric .
-1971 4-DR Ford Custom. excellent
tires, battery, 302 engine, burns no
oil. Call 372-6683.
- Mahogany Tufted Naugahyde bar
with Formica Top, Black swivel
chair. 40. Call
3944776 after 8 p.m.
..... . MISCELLANY ... .. .
-Need pianist for dance class afternoons.
Call Henderson School of
Dancing (366-2163) ask for Frances
Howser.
-Lost a diamond ring at the Republic
Bank and 2 wedding bands. round
solitare white thin wedding band,
white gold solitare diamond. Reward.
Call Adelia McLean at 84 7 4028
or 374-3276.
- Medium size male boxer needs a
home. Call 552-2726 after 4 p.m.
- Programmers needed: full and part
time. 10 per hour. Call
Cyndi Duke at 847-5390.
WEDNESDAY RECITALS SCHEDULE
The following musical events are scheduled for The Wednesday Recitals
Series in the Music Hall (MU 120) weekly at 1 p.m.
NOVEMBER 12 - Excerpts from The Fall Musical Revue
NOVEMBER 19 - Charlotte Flute Choir, Irene Maddox, director
NOVEMBER 26 - Roxanne Denk, pianist
December 3 - Darly Lan dis, tenor; Janice Bradner, pianist
December 10 - Kathleen Cole, soprano; Drina Keen. pianist
Please ca.tl Mary Lou Paschal at 373-6757 if you . need additional
information .
Fall Quarter
enrollment up
by John Chiles
According to recent figures furnished
by Dr. Bruce Smith,
Vice President for Administrative
S~rvices and John Sauder,
his assistant and statistician, enrollment
is up for the fall quarter
of 1980. These figures reflect
an off-campus enrollment
of 15,550 students, with
on-campus enrollment holding
steady at 7000.
Sauder said the "enrollment does
show that a growing number of people
are becoming more interested in
higher education. It also has some
disadvantages- these being long rambling
lines which had become common
at the bo,ok store and registration
building." · Sauder also felt that
"the problems of increased enrollment
are far outweighed by a larger
student body ."
Total enrollment, according to
Sauder, is 22,550 students. Last
year enrollment at the same time
was only 19,265. This reflects an
enrollment increase of 16%.
Sauder attributes increased enrollment
to economic instability. "~ost
people have to be retrained at least
five times in their life." He adds that
"where instability exists, certain areas
of the job market will be affected in a.
negative way. When a business is
affected due to a shaky economy its
employees are forced to come back to
school or become victims of the
unstable economy. As you can see,
there are alternatives."
More people are enrolling in school
for other reasons. Some merely wish
to further their intellectual growth,
some enroll because many courses
taught at CPCC aren't offered
anywhere else. As times get harder
increased enrollment seems inevitable.
Energy Fair
this week
by Angelia Murphy
The third annual Energy Fair will be
held November 13 and 14 at the
Civic Center. Energy-related exhibits
from business, industry, universities,
community & technical colleges, high
schools and junior high schools will
be displayed from 10 a.m. till 9 p.m.
There's no admission.
Students from the ArchitecturalCivil
Engineering Technology will exhibit
a large-scale cutway model of a
home solar energy system. It was
constructed by Jim Saylor, a fourthquarter
student, and Matt Helms,
who graduated from the program
last quarter. The detail work was
handl.ed by fifth-quarter students
Norma Williams and David Kandle .
Cash prizes will be awarqed. First
place draws 40 for college and university group
projects. Judging begins at 9 am.
November 13.
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Sports
by Louann Barnette
Get involved!
These sports are open to all students:
If interested in Volleyball call
Raymon Herndon - 332-1608
Women's Basketball:
Barbara Glasgow - 399-8604
Women's Track:
Becky Dobbs - 373-651 2 Sparkphoto: Gloria Kilgo
Frisbee:
Raymon Herndon - 332-1608
Soccer:
for the intercollegiate team up till
the Christmas holidays are as follows : We blew It
Salvi Amadi - 373-6572
Tennis (men and women):
Friday November 21
Home: Livingstone
David McCord - 563-0674 Wednesday , December 3
Wrestling:
Mike Simpson - 523-1210
Away: Mitchell Community
College
A story in the October 31 issue
of the Spark (Volume 5, Number
2) should have identified Paul
Wiedmann as a part-time student
employee who coordinates
Saturday, December 6 intramural athletics .
BASKETBALL
Home: Western Piedmont
Tuesday, December 9 In the same issue, a front-page
story on Harvest Day should
have said that the Candidates
Forum held in Pease Auditorium
October 22 was sponsored by
'Support Our Community College
(SOCC).
81 guys came out for the first day of
basketball practice. Nine intramural
teams were formed, with nine players
on a team.
Home: Randolph Tech
Friday, December 12
Home: Haywood Tech
Twelve guys will be chosen to play
All home games are at 7:30 pm. in
the Gym in Taylor Hall.
intercollegiate ball. The schedule Good luck team!
Get 100% interest
Cindi M. Skridulis
The LRC has a service that may come in handy for
you. It's called the Inter-Library Loan. To find
out about it, I checked with Milly Morrison, Assistant
Director in Charge of Public Services.
According to Morrison, the inter-library loan is a national
system of finding books. Libraries not owning books
can borrow from those that do. There is no expense to the
student borrowing the book. The lending library pays the
postage. Students and faculty members anywhere in the
U.S. can make use of this service.
What do you do about getting a book that isn't in the
library here? Ask at the main desk on the second floor of
the LRC building or ask at the information desk on the third
floor. They'll take the title and author ( or just the title
if you don't know who the author is) and your name and
phone number. Your request then starts through
the system.
The first place the librarian checks is the main branch
of the public library in town. Then she'll check other col-lege
libraries like UNC-Charlotte. If they don't have the
book, she'll call the state library in Raleigh to request it.
They will call back within 24 hours to let us know if they
have it or where it can be found in the state . They also
send a letter in a few days listing colleges and other libraries
in the state that we can contact for the book.
What if no one in the state has it? Then the librarian
gets in touch with the Library of Congress where they can
let us know of any place in the country that has the book.
If you're lucky , you can have your book within a few
days, but don't count on it coming quickly if you request
it a few days before a term paper is due. Books have been
known to take several weeks to locate. But if you know
what you need and request it a month in advance there's
a good chance you can have the book you need for that
term paper due near the end of the quarter.
Magazines are not lent through Central Piedmont,
but if you request a specific article, it can be xeroxed for
you with a small charge for copying and service charge.
This is a great way to get a book you just wanted to
read for pleasure and couldn't find anywhere else.
Womenshare's new image
by Cindi M. Skridulis
Womenshare has a new face this
fall-a new location and new
plans. Carol Smith has taken
over as director. Coming to
Central Piedmont with an MA in
Counseling, she has a solid history
of working for women in
the past.
In 1973 , she was part of a special
project to recommend women for
positions in state government. Years
ago, she set up the New Dimensions
Program at Queens College as part of
her master's project. This is a program
of recruitment with strong counseling
and support services for women
interested in pursuing undergraduate
degrees. As director of Womenshare,
Smith intends to continue helping
women to improve their job possibilities
and lifestyles.
One of the first new goals for
Womenshare is to get women into
vocations that have traditionally been
limited to men, but in which women
are equally capable. A computer
survey was done to locate areas of
study wherein a low percentage of
women are registered. The percentage
of women in non-traditional programs
here averages about 15%.
Smith says that "working conditions
have improved in many fields in the
past ten years. Women no longer
have to worry unduly about working
in grubby surroundings. For the
most part, the pay in non-traditional
areas far exceeds the pay . for secretarial
work. The satisfaction of learning
a technical skill can build selfconfidence
in women."
Smith plans to start this recruitment
program slowly and carefully.
It will be done in stages, beginning
with concentrated recruitment forlowtension
positions, such as drafting.
Funding will be available through
Womenshare for tuition and books
for those chosen for the program.
Smith hopes that umemployed or
underemployed women of all ages
will show an intere.st in the program.
Besides taking the required courses,
a strong counseling module will be
set up. They will be able to discuss
their learning problems in these
technical fields and to ask questions
which might help them adjust.
Visits to work sites will be arranged
to see what the people there are doing.
Opportunities for women to familiarize
themselves with their new line of work
will be made available. Smith also
hopes to set up a system of peer
counseling where women can get help
from other women further along in the
program.
A technical degree enhances employment
opportunities. Many North
Carolina employers must go out of
state to recruit trained people to fill
technical jobs.
Another goal of Smith's is to develop
a faculty for Womenshare.
These instructors would hold Continuing
Education classes, both day
and evening, that deal with women's
issues and needs.
Smith's third g~l is to set up a
referral service for the college and
local community to provide counseling
needs for these women.
The Womenshare office is moving
to the first floor of the Terrell Administration
building, near the Student
Employment Center on campus. Call
the Womenshare office at 373-6644.
Carol Smith and her staff will be on
hand to provide information.
Volume5 Number3
TIie
lparll
Established /976
Taylor Hall I 02
(704) 373-6751, 373-6665
< Staff
Joseph Sovacool, Editor
Managing Editor
Jimmy Brock
Photo Editor
Gloria Kilgo
Sports Editor
Louann Barnette
Writers:
Karen Helms
John Chiles
Angelia Murphy
Cindi Skridulis
Jimmy Brock
Photographers:
Ann Kinney
Gloria Kilgo
Chapie Chapman
Production Managers:
G.R. Dobbs
Linda L. Wall
Manager, Student Publications
Darell Gray
POLICY
The Spark is a student publicatwn,
financed by student activity fees,
written, edited and published oy
student journalists for the CPCC
community. It is not an official college
publication, and any viewpoints
expressed herein should not be interpreted
as representing official
CPCC positions.
Take a day off from smoking I
AMERICAN CANCER SOCIETY
Cataloochee: Life in a remote mountain valley
No full textThis 59-page interview is the transcript of a group of 1981 recorded interviews on “Cataloochee: Life in a remote mountain valley.” The manuscript was collected as part of the Cataloochee History Project that collected photographs, stories, and oral histories about families who lived in the Cataloochee Valley. Today’s Cataloochee Valley is within the Great Smoky Mountains National Park. While, in general, the Great Smoky Mountains region was sparsely populated, the Cataloochee Valley remained an exception. By 1900, the population of Cataloochee had grown to 1,000 residents living in hundreds of log and frame homes.. ~·· ..
RECORDING of
"CATALOOCHEE--UFE IN A REM:Yl'E MOUNTAIN VALLEY"
Program sponsored by the
Friends of Haywood County (NC) Public Library
Grace Episcopal Church, Waynesville, NC
June 9, 1981
Dr. Gordon B. McKinney, Moderator
Dr. Roy Carroll, Principal Speaker ·
Raymond E. Caldwell
Mark E. Hannah
Mary Davis (Mrs. Gldger) Palmer
. Dr. Robert Woody
Panelists
Recorded by: David Dahlen
Park Ranger at Cataloochee
Speed: 3-3/4 IPS
Playing time: Side 1 - 90 minutes
Side 2 - 25 minutes
LIPR· l?J ov l...ll' • '\. '- l
GREAT SMOJ<Y MOUNTAINS
NATIONAL PARK
Cataloochee
KEY
This transcript has been made verbatim et literatim as much as
possible. There has been NO editing whatsoever.
Punctuation is used to indicate the flow of speech rather than
follow the rules of English composition. The comma is used where
the speaker paused; the period where he stopped; and where there
is no punctuation the speaker continued without pausing or
stopping.
The original (Archives) copy of this recording is on two PAP
Industries Inc. C-90 cassettes.
The library copy is on reel-to-reel tape, transcribed on a
Wollensak 3M 6020-AV tape recorder. The speed is 3-3/4 IPS.
The Index Counter Numbers in the margin are for easy locating
on the tape. Set the Index Counter at 000 at the beginning of
the first voice on each side · of the tape •
. The sympbol 1-----1 indicates the transcriber could not understand
what was said.
. .,
Cataloochee
C-0-N-T-E-N-T-S
Introduction by nave Dahlen
Dr. GORDON McKINNEY
Introduction of program committee
Introduction of principal speaker
Dr. ROY CARROLL
Locating area on map
Early settlement of Cataloochee
Residents in 1850
Head of families in 1850
Residents in 1860
Effects of Civi 1 War
"Old families"
~gration into Cataloochee
The women
Ca ldwe 11 family
Woody family
Palmer family
Fate Palmer
Jesse Palmer
Dr. GORDON Me KINNEY
Introduction of panelists
RAYMON> CAlDWELL
Family members
Toys
School
Recreation
Herding stock
First trip to Waynesville
Raising bees
Operating mill
MARK HANNAH
First match
Starting fires
Toys: wagon, whistle; whipS
First wagon ride
First train
Affiliation with National Park
Page
1
1-5
1-3
3-5
5-26
5
6
7
9
10
10-11
11
12-14
15-16
16-17
17
17-18
19-21, 21-24
21, 24-26
26-27
27-34
35-40
\ ___ )
Cataloochee
CONTENI'S - contd
MARY DAVIS (Mrs. Gudger) PAlMER
Teaching in Cataloochee
Number of students
First day of teaching
Schoo 1 routine
"Baby sitting"
Bear hunts
Dr. ROBERT W ()()) Y
Little Cataloochee
Uncle Tyne Woody
Home
Other bui lciings
Blacksmith shop
Barns
Grist mill
Apple houses
Lumber house
Smokemouse
Sheep house
Italians
Tobacco use
Amusements
Food
Salting cattle
Criticizing coming of National Pat:k ·
Spring, water supply
Games
Berea College
Page
40-43
44-54
IN Rt:PL\' JI.EFEll TO:
United States Department of the Interior
NATIONAL PARK SERVICE
Great Smoky Mountains National Park
Gatlinburg, Tennessee 37738
N-0-T-I-C-E
No part of this · recording or transcript may be quoted or used
for publication except upon written permis&ion of the Superin-tendent
of the Great Smoky Mountains National Park.
·"
(000)
(009)
Cata1oochee
SIDE 1 (No. 1 of Cassette)
DAVE DAHLEN
Pa ge 1
Following is a presentation sponsored by the Friends of Haywood
County, North Carolina, Library, and it is entitled "His tory Is
People. 11 This particular program is concentrating on the
Cataloochee valley history.
BREAK
Dr • GORDON B • Me KINNEY
Thank you. A number of items that I need to bring to your
attention, before we get into the main part of the program. I have
~een asked to request that all of the newly elected officers and
all of the award winners
BREAK
Yogi Bear, had a very significant statement to make about the
beginning of this type of program. He was.· receiving an award, and
he wanted to express his appreciation to all of the people who made
this award possible. But in his awn way of expressing himself he
said he wanted to thank everyone who had made the evening necessary.
(Laughter) Well. There are a number of people who have made this
evening necessary. And I'd like to express the appreciation of the
Friends of the I.J.brary, recognize s cme of these people and
institutions. The first would be the North Carolina Humanities
Committee. They are the people who are providing the basic funding
for this meeting. And we have worked very closely with them on
this program, and we appreciate very much their financial and
other types of support for the prograQJ.
Cata loochee Page 2:
Now, the project steering comndttee has brought this all together.
Chairman of the committee is Dr. c. J. Overbeck who you have already
met. I am a member of the comndttee as well, but there are other
members of the committee that I would like to have stand and be
recognized at this time. The person that probably got you all here
was our publicity director Peg Fry (Mrs. K. D.) Peg would you
please stand.
BREAK
The financial officer that paid for all of this in one way or
another is Larry Anmons. larry.
BREAK
Secretary who kept us all from running in about twenty different
directions, all at the same time, Polly Ogden (Mrs. Fred). Polly
BREAK
The people on the comndttee who, par~icularly dealing with
Cataloochee who understood their own heritage and the heritage of
many of you, and helped the rest of us put this all together,
Ernestine Upchurch (Mrs. Cecil) in the back.
BREAK
(James) Roy Moody in the back.
APPI.AlEE
And the full time member of the committee, although she refused to
accept that position, and especially probably because she didn't
want to take any of the blame for what's going to happen tonight,
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Cataloochee Page 3
and who truly held all of this together as we fumbled around,
Katherine Armitage, the library director.
APPLAlSE
The program tonight will consist of three parts. We will have a
main speaker. We will have four commentaries by people who lived
in Cataloochee at one time or another in their lives. And then we
will have a slide show given by Dave Dahlen, this is not on the
program, who is the ranger at Cataloochee now. 1 will give more
formal introductions to these, some of these people as we go along.
That's the basic order of business. After these presentations we
:Will open up the floor so that you can ask questions or make
comments, or tell some of the tall stories that 1 heard at dinner
tonight from some of these people. 1 am sure that there is a great
deal of history about cataloochee, and I have a feeling that I
didn't hear any of it tonight. But I heard an awful lot of stories.
And I hope that we can all exchange some of these stories as we go
along tonight and enjoy the past of cataloochee, what it meant to
the people who were there, and what it means to the rest of us who
weren't there.
Our main speaker this evening is Dr. Roy Carroll. Dr. Carroll is
the ideal person to make our main address. He is the author of
this particular publication right here, many of you may be fa~liar
with it already, "Historic Structures Report, Utt le Gataloochee,
North Carolina." He has told me that he will be finished with his
writing on Big Gataloochee this August. And that another publication
Cata loochee Page 4
on Big Cataloochee will be available in the relatively near future.
So that Dr. Carroll is in a very real sense the academic specialist
on the Cataloochee region of Narth carolina. He is a native of
Arkansas, received his masters degree and doctorate in history at
Vanderbilt University in Tennessee, and has served as an Assistant
Professor of history at Mercer University in Georgia. Afterwards,
in 1965, he became .Professor of History and Chairman of the Department
of History and Political Science at Armstrong State College in
Georgia. 1969 he accepted the posit ion of Chairman of the Department
of History at Appalachian State University. In 1977 he was
·appointed I. G. Greer Distinguished Professor of History at AS u.
Since 1979 Dr. Carroll has been the Vice-president for Planning for
the entire North carolina university system, and he is now in Chapel
Hill carrying out those duties. He has a number of publications on
historical material outside of Gataloochee. He is a very well
rounded historian. When I invited Dr. Carroll up here to speak, I
could hear him over the phone looking at his calendar. And he says
"let's see Friday the 12th meeting with so-and-so and so-and-so,"
"meeting here," "meeting there." Cotmt. These of course are all
academic meetings. And I spent a good part of my career attending
those academic meetings, and having done so, my feeling that we are
doing Dr. Carroll a great favor. (Lau~hter) Far three days, or
at least two days, he will not be able to attend an academic
meeting, this is a high point I think in almost anyooe's life. He
has come however a long way. He left Chapel Hill at 6:00 this
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· Cata loochee Page 5
morning, drove all the way up here. And, is going to share ,with
all of us -tonight his expertise on the Cataloochee region. Dr.
Carroll.
APPU\lSE
Dr. ROY CARROLL
I really came to the mountains to get cool. (Laughter) You not
only fooled me on the weather I thought this was a library meeting.
I know you're not all Episcopalians. (Laughter) Not that many
Episcopalians in Haywood County. (Laughter) Being a Baptist I've
never been too sure there are very many Episcopalians anywhere.
(Laughter) And I'm sure where they are it's very very warm.
(Laughter) (PAlS E) I came up here this afternoon and I very
scientifically arranged the projector and the table and the screen
so that they would all be in focus, and then Doris Hanmett moves
the screen. (Laughter) So you will have to bear with us while we
do a little technical work here to get everything pack in synchronization.
I will ask Doris if she will to plug it in over there.
BREAK - PAlS E
I suspect a lot of you are from Cata loochee or you are descended
from Cataloocheeans because they were very prolific folks. But for
those of you who were not let me point out a few things on the map
to you. This is the northern part of Haywood County, a part of
Cataloochee township. Take off from Cove Creek and go up what used
to be North Carolina 284 Qver Cove Creek Gap and you come into
Cataloochee valley. This road right here. This is the Cataloochee
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· ·'·.~ .... ~ r ,..-
..._._'-'-4 .LVVt....lJ.CC::: Page 6
Ridge. Or Cataloochee Divide. And you come into this valley along
Big Cataloochee Creek. One of the main tributaries of it is' Little
Cataloochee Creek. Another main tributary is Caldwell Fork. This
creek which was for a long time called "Indian Creek" is now called
"Palmer Creek" on the maps of the park, because so many Palmers
lived there once upon a time. Big Cataloochee then is one community
separated by this ridge, Noland Mountain, separated by this ridge
from Little Cataloochee.
About 1836 or so, the mid-1830s, the first white families moved
into Big Cataloochee valley. In 1929, '30, '31, '32, a century
later, the Great Smoky Mountains Nationa 1 Park was created, and
~irtually all of the people in Cataloochee township were moved out.
They lost their homes, they lost their land. Many of them, til they
died, really felt that they were in exile. And in a very real sense
they had been moved out the same way the Cherokee Indians had been
moved out. They had no choice. I want to trace the, some of the
development of that community on the map, and then look at all of
Cataloochee township as a whole.
The first settlers were the Caldwell family, James and Levi
Ca !dwell. Who settled right here, about 1836. They came from
Spring Creek over at Madison County. Another one of the families,
which came in about the same time, but didn't stay, and came back
in later was the Jonathan Woody family. Jonathan Woody's home is
this right here. Another one of the early fallli lies, the George
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Cata loochee Page 7·
Palmer family. He and his wife and several of his children came up
there in the late 1840s. He came out of Sandy Mush Creek area in
Buncombe County, for no great reason to tell you the truth though
I'm not sure Linton would tell you, because he was broke. He lost
his farm. And the deeds and the records from Buncombe County
indicate that from about 1843 to 1846 his small farm was up for
sale because he could not pay the mortgage. He loaded his family
in a wagon with all his possessions, and ended up in Cataloochee.
Just above them, about 1839, a family had settled there the Hannah
family, Evan Hannah who, had come up there from Fines Creek. He had
.come with his wife Betsy, a house full of children, his father- inlaw
William Noland. The Nolands settled on the creek as well.
About 1848 also, right here, Yotmg Bennett moved up there with his
family. Started his homestead, stayed there for a time. Went back
down into the Fines Creek area. And eventually caxne and stayed.
So you have these families. You have Bennett, Hannah, Palmer, and
here George Palmer's son Jesse Palmer, Levi and James Caldwell, and
Jonathan Woody.
By 1850, all except Jonathan Woody are living there and they are
living there year round. The next generation. their sons and
daughters, had moved over the ridge and settled here along Coggins
Branch leading into Little cataloochee and here on the tributaries
of Lit.tle cataloochee. George Palmer's daughter Ruth married a man
named Jack Vess, 1850. He bought this place, in 1853. Was where
Will Messer lived when the park was formed, where Ola School was
, Ca ta lo oc bee Page 8
and the post office. John Jackson Hannah, Evan's son, marr~ed and
moved here about 1857. A small log cabin. Levi Caldwell's
daughter Harriet Elizabeth married a man named Dan Cook who came
over here from Spring Creek in Madison County. And Dan and Harriet
moved here about 1856. Just north of them, Young Bennett's son
Creighton who married Levi Caldwell's daughter Louisa Matilda
bought a homestead just north of the Cooks. The Cook property
eventually ran all the way to the top of the ridge here, and just
beyond it eventually settled here was another Palmer, George Peyton
Palmer. Pete George as he came to be called later. So you've got
a second generation of people clustering over in Little Cataloochee.
That small number of families continued to multiply. Newcomers
continued to come in. Clustered there. Closely knit. Tightly
dependent upon each other. Bound together by affection, by blood,
and by sheer necessity. Clustered on the tributaries of Big
Cataloochee Creek and Little Cataloochee Creek. By 1929, when the
park began to buy the property, the red dots show you how many
homesteads and families were there. Here's the schoolhouse. Little
Cataloochee schoolhouse. And Ola post office, Little Cataloochee
Baptist Church. Down here Cataloochee school, and Palmers Chapel.
A post office over here at the Palmer home. And a post office here
at Nellie. And by that time down on Caldwell Fork, at the bottom
of your map, another schoolhouse which had been built in 1924, and
the beginnings of a church there, a Baptist church which was
j
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Cata loochee Page g·
meeting in the schoolhouse. Those dots represent several hUndred
families. Who had to move when the park was formed.
Pause
The heads of the families: By the U.S. census records, in 1850,
these names appear. Some twenty-four households. I have my doubts
about three or four of them. About the Allisons I think they are
still in Jonathans Creek though you can't be sure from deeds or
from the census, Loy a 1 Ba 11 was over at Mt. Sterling north of
Cataloochee. Henry Barnes a young man twenty-one years old. And
to indicate the influence of the Caldwells he married a Caldwell.
one of the
Not James and Levi's families but nevertheless/taldwells from down
in Jonathans Creek or Fines Creek. Young Bennett. Here's Henry E.
Caldwell who is the son of James and a brother of Levi. These three
families. Thomas Ca ldwe 11 I'm not sure of. He is lis ted in the
census between these houses so you'd think he was there but I'm
not sure about that. Albert . Coggin$ was there as a tenant. Again
came out of Spring Creek, Madison County. The Franklin family haQ. '
come up from Tennessee. Incidentally Franklin was married to a
gir 1 named Sarah Grooms and you see her faJPily showing ten years
later. Here's Evan Hannah. William Jenkins or Norris Jenkins as
he was known he also married to a Caldwell. Elizabeth Mcintyre, a
widow, who was there from Fines Creek. She is there with two sons
but she is not there long, she moves out. She is next door and.
living in a cabin that belongs to the Palmers, George Palmer.
George Messer who is there briefly, he lived most of the time in
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Cata loochee Page lD
Jonathans Creek but evidently had come up here and had gotten a
homestead but eventually moved back and you don't find him again
til about 1880 back up here. The Noland family, William Noland of
course is the father-in-law of Evan Hannah and Thomas is married to
Betsy Hannah. Evan's wife. You've got George Palmer. His son
John. And then three Wi lliamsons. The census says Williams but
the records, the wills and the other records indicate Williamsons
either s-e-n or s-o-n. Both of these, Andrew and Elijah, were sons
of Eleanor, she's a widow forty-nine years old. And both of the
sons are down on Jonathans Creek within the next four or five years.
But you've got that many names and that many family names. Fairly
certain in 1850.
By 1860 you see the, the new people who have come in. Some stayed
and some didn't but what is striking is how many went and didn't
stay. Only seven of these family names here which was about 1850
are sti 11 there in 1860 and only these same seven plus one more are
there in 1870. Some real turn-over of people in that Civil War
period. Because they suffered the same kind of dislocations and
depredations a lot of people did in the mountains from raiders and
other kind of guerilla activity. Some of them find their farms
devastated. Young Bennett's home was burned. His young daughter,
sixteen years old daughter named -Sophronia, that's a wonderful
name, Sophronia whipped one of Kirk's R.aidexos when Q.e ca.me to their
home. I'm not sure whether she whipped him before they burned the
house or afterwards. (Laughter) If she whipped him first I can
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Cataloochee Page 11
understand why he burned it. She hid the trunks and the va~uable
possess ions and plenty of some Confederate coins. The Ca ldwells,
some of them were killed. Levi Shelton who married to a Caldwell
was killed. Billy Caldwell. Levi Caldwell himself, captured by
the Raiders in 1864 he eventually got back home, in ill health, he
died late in 1864. His father James died in late 1866. In fact by
1870 many of the heads of the families here are dead. Loyal Ball
had died • James Ca ldwe 11 had died • Levi Ca ldwe 11 had died. Levi
Sutton had died. This is his widow Sally or Sarah. You see it
spelled Sutton and sometimes spelled Sitton, it's the same, same
name, census man changes it from time to time. 1870 you have hardly
·any more people than you had in 1850. But those were the first
families.
Out of the family names that appear, in those years, there are some
seventeen names which I call the old families. That is you can
find them there either in the census records between 1850 and 1870
or you can find them in the tax lists of 1~66, '67, . '68. Those old
families you see listed here, still there in 1900 • . This is the
surname or the family name caldwell which has been spelled C-o-1,
Colwell or C-o-1-d Coldwell. Conard which occasio~lly in the
census is Conrad. Cook, Grooms, Hall, Hannah, ~md Harrell or
Harold, Hopkins, Jenkins, Leatherwood, McGaha, Messer, No land,
Palmer, Sutton, and Woody. These seventeen families account for
86 of the households out of the 137 households in the Township;
they account for 505 persons out of 764 there. So there is a lot
of the growth of Cataloochee which comes simply from the size of
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'ca ta louchee Page 12
the families of those people who settled there, besides just the
migration of people who came in.
To indicate something of the migratio~ and where there. The total
population in 1850 was about 140, maybe 147 at the most if you
count all the names I have on the other list; then 161, 198, it
nearly doubled within the next ten years to 391 and then 764 in
1900. In fact between 1870 and 1910 when there was something over
twelve hundred people in Cataloochee, cataloochee Township, there
was a six-fold increase in the population. So what you had in
cataloochee was not a stagnant sort of mountain community but a
- very thriving flourishing kind of community. Growing. You see the
origin of the people, ~t of them native North Carolinians in each
of the censuses, the next largest group from Tennessee as you would
expect and then a scattering from other places, one man from
Pennsylvania, in the course of this period, one man from Georgia,
two from South Carolina, one from Canada, one from England, but
most of them North carolinians. In age distribution you see
gradually that the population is getting a little older. It's a
more settled and stable community obviously. And you are finding
more people by 1900 who are past fifty years of age.
Most of the occupations as you would suspect they were
Pulse
No full textVolume5/1994_February28February 28, 1994 PULSE UNIVERSITY OF UTAH HEALTH SCIENCES CENTER Hospital Chief Thanks Employees Mason Moore, who recently retired as director of Third-party Reimbursement, left, and Kurt Stauffer, Nutrition Care Services, are congratulated by Christine St. Andre, University Hospital\u27s new executive director, at last Wednesday\u27s Hospital Service Awards Dinner. Moore was honored for 30 years of service to the Hospital, while Stauffer was presented with a 25- year award. U Ophthalmologists Seek Participants for Eye- disorder Nutrition Study Nursing Staff Returns From Conference Pulse would like to recognize the employees of University Hospital who recently attended the eighth annual Staff Devel-opment Conference in Las Vegas. Robin Phillips, R. N., M. S. N., pateint education coordinator at University Hospital and faculty member responsible for planning the conference, was awarded third prize for a poster from Patient Education/ Discharge Planning Fair, held at Univer-sity Hospital last Fall. Lil Henrie, R. N., M. S. N., and Sheila Tucker, R. N., M. S. N., staff development educators, also presented a poster titled " ACLS Consortium- A Way to Meet the Needs." In addition, Carol Roberts, R. N., M. Ed., CPM director and Diane Cunningham, R. N., M. S. N., director of Nursing Education, displayed a poster tided " Increasing the Visibility of a Central- ^ ized Education Department." Others who attended the conference include: Lynn Elstein, R. N., B. S. N., staff development coordinator; and Claire Stanley, R. N., perinatal patient education coordinator. • The Department of Ophthalmology at the University of Utah School of Medicine is seeking 300 volunteers for a long- term study of a potential treat-ment for the two leading causes of vision loss in mature adults. Adults over 40 years of age with mild to moderate age- related macular degen-eration ( AMD) or early stage cataracts are needed for the study, whose goal is to determine whether certain drugs composed of vitamins and minerals can slow or reverse the progression of these two common age-related eye disorders. These conditions to-gether affect more than 30 million Americans. There are no preventative therapies for either disorder. Laser surgery is useful in treating about 10 percent of AMD patients who develop the severe form of the disease. Surgical removal is the only cataract treatment. Randall J. Olson, M. D., professor and chair of the U ophthalmology department is principal investigator on this new study, which involves six other centers across the country and 2,400 participants. AMD, characterized by a blurring of the central vision, is the leading cause of legal blindness among Americans over age 65; by 1995, almost 750,000 AMD patients in that age group will be virtually incapacitated in one or both eyes. Cataracts cause the normally transparent lens of the eye to become cloudy and obscure vision. Ap-proximately 60 percent of Americans over the age of 52 are affected. " We believe that, over time, sunlight ( ultraviolet light) damages the eye, specifically the retina and the lens, in a photochemical reaction known as oxida-tion- the same process that causes iron to rust and apples to turn brown," Olson said. " Previous research suggests that certain vitamins and minerals protect against oxidative damage in the eye." Dietary supplements will be provided free of charge to patient volunteers. After an initial eye examination to determine eligibility, patients will receive follow- up evaluations every three months for one to two years at the John A. Moran Eye Center. Individuals interested in participating in the study should call the ophthalmol-ogy department nutrition study, xl- 4986. • 1994 University Hospital Service Awards Recipients 30 YEARS Mason Moore 25 YEARS Lily Gabardi Mariya Sato Kurt Stauffer 20 YEARS Joan Barraco Delorise Carter Bill Duncan Mae Hardy Parivash Izadi- Tafti Donna Jackson Barbara Mooney Stephen Moulding Zinat Parvez Mary Payne Laura Rackley Julie Romans Christine Simmons Terry Turner Susan Williams Allen Wright 15 YEARS Lonie Ashley Gloria Backman Patricia Bryner Virginia Burcar Nedra Carroll Bill Cesarone Sue Dean Erma Decaria Samina Ditta Brenda Fish Opal Forbush Anne Hansen Gayle Hansen George Hansen Marilyn Harris Craig Herzog Barbara James Donna Kelley Linda Krause Carolyn Lashlee Dot Maxfield Jean Mueller Roger Nafus JoAnne " J. P." Padden Mary- Theresa Penler Joan Stevens Florence Swartz Arthur Swindle 10 YEARS Val Anderson Carlos Arthur Catherine Austin Barbara Bang Melissa Barber Janine Bawden Kay Bergstrom Sheila Bernard Sarah Brooks Jennilee Brown Maurice Burgon Ann Clark Mary Collar Ginger Comarell Michael Donnelly Lydia Durazo Jeannette Flamming Kelly Garver Donna Gavura Pamela Grant Shaun Greenwood Nan Gudgell James Hayes Cynthia Hayes- Lundy Holly Hill Susan Hill Keith " Sir" Howard Margaret Johnson Vicki Johnson Freida Johnson- Allen Catherine Koer Back Lee Robert Madsen Jeffrey Mann George Marion Ann Martinez Virginia Martinsen Cynthia McComber Brigid Mclntyre Carol Mitchell Lucille Moore Jack Munsey Deborah Nielsen Seari Nordgran Deborah North Ilean O\u27Neil Mitchell Quintana Linda Reeder Connie Simister Richard Sorenson Delma Tucker Julie Wheeler- Turner JoAnn Zacherson 5 YEARS Carol Abercrombie Sussana Achinte Wendy Allen Monica Allison Dwayne Anderson Teresa Andrew Deborah Atkinson Ray Bagley Ann Bangsund Angela Bates Kimberly Bates Jeanne Boam Tiffany Bonner Mashelle Boswell Jean Brock Ivy Brown Margie Brown Beverly Campbell Susan Casper Thomas Castle Carol Chadbum Barbara Champ Shelley Chandlee Charles Chow Madeline Coffill Colleen Collins Peggy Conrad Coralynn Cook Carolyn Crabtree Diane Cunningham Marilyn Custer Nikdkht Dasstoori Janice Dau Leila Dethlefsen Clo Dillman Terrie Dority Lorrie Downs Diana Duncan Michael Duncan Leo Duran Marsha Eidson Clay Epstein Mary Erickson Deborah Evans Mary Fairbrother Mary Fearon Nicki Fechner Lynda Fenton Lucille Ferre Rosemary Field Susan Finch Tina Fought Randalynn Fowkes Mary Lou Galligan Margaret Gallo Edward Gappmaier Rudy Garcia Pam Gathrum Marcella Gaughan Laura Gaynard Thomas Gilmore Diane Gomez Donna Gonzalez Angela Goodrich Iris Gordon Linda Lee Gras Charles Graybill Lisa Green Shellah Gutke Tracy Haack Edna Hakala Nancy Haley Shawna Hamp Paula Hansen Sheila Hansen Susan Hastings Barbara Heath Laura Heath Lynda Hiatt Myrna Hinckley Xydell Hobbs Lonny Hoffman Kim Homer Kathie Howell Kenneth Hughes Mike Huntzinger Deelayne Hutton Michael Jensen Raymon Johnson Henry Kali Patricia Kaller Chris Kofoed Carolyn Kowalchik Gary Kriynovich Joe Krutel Trade Lemons Lauretta Limb Kathy Lott Jusakdi Luangswasdi Susan Lyver Darcia Mallory- Gordon Marina Marcroft Robin Marcus Jay Marsh Lavon Marsh Kathy Maxwell Susan McBride Deborah McPherson Kimm Mikkelsen Jason Miller Deborah Miyasaki Christine Montoya Dennis Morgan Joanne Morris Suzanne Mudrow Tammy Munson Dariush Najmabadi Leona Nelson Renee Neuharth Lori Nicholls Denise Noda Teresa North Everett Perry Afton Phillips Jeff Pierson Marjorie Putman Kathleen Reavy Antonio Rico Greg Riddle Coni Robinson Carolyn Rogers Don Romriell Vicki Rosser Pamela Ruoti Jeanette Ryan Deona Sanchez Suzanne Sandwick Parvin Sassani Rj Sauve Gail Schultz Sharon Schuur Scott Silverstein Mamie Soo- Hoo Patricia Stenquist Rebecca Stover Dreena Taft Frances Taft Cynthia Tefft Cynthia Terrill Joyce Thompson Catherine Townsend Thi Tran Julie Varner Ruben Vigil Craig Vincent Carie Walker Susan Warner Lisa Whittaker Karen Wilson Sarah Wolberg Sherrie Woodmancy Tanya Wrigley Printed on Recycled Pape
The Psychedelic State Induced By Ayahuasca Modulates The Activity And Connectivity Of The Default Mode Network
No full textThe experiences induced by psychedelics share a wide variety of subjective features, related to the complex changes in perception and cognition induced by this class of drugs. A remarkable increase in introspection is at the core of these altered states of consciousness. Self-oriented mental activity has been consistently linked to the Default Mode Network (DMN), a set of brain regionsmore active during rest than during the execution of a goal-directed task. Here we used fMRI technique to inspect the DMN during the psychedelic state induced by Ayahuasca in ten experienced subjects. Ayahuasca is a potion traditionally used by Amazonian Amerindians composed by a mixture of compounds that increase monoaminergic transmission. In particular, we examined whether Ayahuasca changes the activity and connectivity of the DMN and the connection between the DMN and the task-positive network (TPN). Ayahuasca caused a significant decrease in activity throughmost parts of the DMN, including its most consistent hubs: the Posterior Cingulate Cortex (PCC)/Precuneus and the medial Prefrontal Cortex (mPFC). Functional connectivity within the PCC/Precuneus decreased after Ayahuasca intake. No significant change was observed in the DMN-TPN orthogonality. 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Prevalence of visual impairment and severity of diabetic retinopathy in various ethnic groups in the UK
No full textDiabetic Retinopathy (DR) is a leading cause of visual impairment (VI) in the working population. Minor ethnic groups are at increased risk of diabetes. Diabetic Retinopathy In Various Ethnic groups in the United Kingdom (DRIVE UK) is a cross-sectional study to estimate the prevalence of DR, VI and associated risk factors for sight threatening diabetic retinopathy (STDR) in Afro-Caribbeans (AC) and South Asians (SA) compared to Caucasians. People with diabetes in two regions in the United Kingdom who were screened and/or treated for DR from September 2008 to September 2009 were included in this study. VI and severe visual impairment (SVI) were defined as Snellen visual acuity of ≤ 6/18 and ≤ 6/60 respectively. DR was graded according to National Screening Committee (NSC) for diabetes guidelines UK.
There were 57,144 people on the diabetic register, of which retinopathy data was available from 50,285 (88.1%) subjects (type 1 n=3,323, type 2 n=46,962). In type 1 and type 2 diabetes, any DR was detected in 53.1%, 39.5%, diabetic maculopathy in 13.1%, 8.4% and STDR in 9.91%, 4.0% of people respectively. STDR was significantly more prevalent in the SA (10.3%) and AC (11.5%) populations compared to Caucasians (5.5%). Overall VI was significantly higher in the ethnic minority population. A total of 7.5% (95% CI 7.3, 7.8) people with diabetes were not eligible for driving based on their visual acuity, 3.4% (95% CI 3.2, 3.5) were classified as VI and 0.4% (95% CI 0.33, 0.44) as SVI. Risk factors for STDR were found to include longer duration of diabetes and higher mean HbA1c.
This study provides information that could be used to help develop future service frameworks and guidelines for local health bodies responsible for delivery of end userservices. The study also supports the need to explore the role of inflammatory, genetic and epigenetic factors as markers for ethnic differences in DR and potential treatment avenues for diabetic retinopathy
Traditions and Transitions: Later and Roman Iron Age Communities in the North-East of England
No full textThis thesis aims to reintegrate the communities of later Iron Age north-east of England (from roughly 300 BC) into wider narratives of later Iron Age and Roman-era Europe. Despite the significant contributions of George Jobey, Colin Haselgrove and others, the north-eastern Iron Age has been widely considered underpopulated and materially and culturally impoverished since such a view was put forward by Mortimer Wheeler and Stuart Piggott in the 1950’s. In light of this impression of the later Iron Age, the region has been seen as a ‘blank slate’ for the establishment of a Roman military zone which has then been interpreted without fully considering an indigenous, civilian population.
Recent work on later Iron Age settlements and non-military Roman era settlements in the region has called these older views more directly into question by building on the work of Jobey and Haselgrove and demonstrating that a substantial Roman and pre-Roman civilian population must have been present across the region throughout the period in question. Thus, this study has sought to bring together the available artefactual, depositional and architectural evidence for later Iron Age communities as well as those Roman-era communities who maintained connections with indigenous traditions. Though there can be no clear separation of ‘indigenous’ and ‘Roman’ settlements from the mid first century onwards, this study has focused on those settlements which continue to make use of roundhouse architecture.
Given the variable state of the evidence from the long tradition of investigation in the region, only well contextualized excavated evidence is considered in order to best shed light on the practice of daily life. Alongside considering the range of material culture in use, contextual analysis of this evidence demonstrates that the noted lack of recovered material culture, particularly ceramics, can be shown to be the result of deliberate choices in acquisition, use and deposition of material culture which reflect the priorities of this decentralized society rather than the result of an inability to produce or trade. Despite this however, it is clear that northeastern communities do appear to engage in similar depositional activities to other British and European Iron Age societies, albeit on a smaller scale which reflects the smaller scale of the communities involved, and a deep connectedness to wider traditions can be shown. Considered alongside this sometimes difficult dataset is the history of Iron Age studies in the region and how this has shaped research strategies. This is an illustrative example of the mechanisms through which older, broad brush understandings can continue to dominate regional archaeologies despite newer, more nuanced evidence.
As well as a case study in the relevance of the history of archaeology to contemporary study, the narrative thus constructed provides a basis for understanding the north-eastern Iron Age within the expanding web of regionalization and connections which was Iron Age Europe. Additionally it provides a narrative of indigenous communities’ interactions with and reactions to the dramatic changes related to the expansion of the Roman empire the early first millennium AD. This is ultimately key in order to better interpret the increasing evidence for non-military Roman era communities in the region and beyond
Supplementary Figure 4 from The mTOR Kinase Inhibitors, CC214-1 and CC214-2, Preferentially Block the Growth of EGFRvIII-Activated Glioblastomas
No full textPDF file - 1694K, EGFRvIII expression sensitizes cells to CC214-1 mediated inhibition of proliferation and to autophagy.</p
