1,720,982 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
The effect of night extension splinting following surgical release of Dupuytren's contracture
No full textThe application of splints following surgical release of Dupuytren’s contracture has long been recommended for maintaining finger extension. Questions exist regarding the efficacy and potential detrimental effects of this treatment approach.
The literature pertaining to the effects of splints on finger range of motion and hand function following surgery was systematically reviewed. A search of electronic databases was conducted and a quality assessment was undertaken using the Downs and Black Quality Index. A comparison was made with findings from a 2008 systematic literature review. The results of the review suggested that the traditional practice of providing night extension splints was not effective and highlighted the need for further studies.
A single centre randomised trial was conducted to investigate the effect of night extension splinting on finger range of motion and hand function in the three months following surgical release of Dupuytren’s contracture. Fifty six patients (males n=45, females n=11) between the ages of 48 and 86 were included in the study. Participants were randomised to receive a night extension splint plus hand therapy (n= 26) or hand therapy alone (n=30). The primary outcome was total active extension (TAE) of the little finger in degrees. Secondary outcomes were total active flexion (TAF) of the fingers in degrees, active distal palmar crease (ADPC) in cm, grip strength in kg, self-reported hand function using the Disabilities of the Arm shoulder and Hand (DASH) questionnaire (1-100 scale) and patient satisfaction. Primary analysis was by intention to treat.
There were no statistically significant differences between the no splint and splint groups for any of the outcomes measured. When compared with the splint group the no splint group showed adjusted mean differences of little finger TAE -9.8 (95%CI -20.19 to 0.59, p=0.07), little finger TAF 12.7 (95%CI -1.8 to 27.2, p= 0.08) and ADPC -0.21 (95%CI -0.74 to 0.32, p=0.44). Equally there were no statistical differences for DASH -1.1 (95%CI -5.41 to 3.21, p=0.59), left hand grip strength 2.6 (95%CI -1.52 to 6.72, p=0.22) or right hand grip strength 2.5 (95%CI -0.64 to 5.64, p=0.10). A secondary per protocol analysis was conducted which also showed no statistically significant differences. Although statistical significance was not reached there was a consistent trend across all outcomes in favour of not splinting.
The data were also evaluated to identify how well finger extension was maintained overall between the first postoperative measure and three months postoperatively. Of all 40 little fingers 62.5% had the same or better TAE (13⁰ unadjusted mean improvement) and 37.5% had lost TAE (32⁰ unadjusted mean loss) over this period.
It was concluded that night extension splinting in combination with standard hand therapy has no greater effect on maintaining finger extension than hand therapy alone in the three months following surgical release of Dupuytren’s contracture. The trend towards poorer outcomes in the splinted group also suggested that splinting is not a benign therapy. The results of this trial indicate that the practice of providing every patient with a night extension splint following surgical release of Dupuytren’s contracture may no longer be justified
Can Relative Motion Extension Splinting (RMES) Provide an Earlier Return to Function Than a Controlled Active Motion (CAM) Protocol? A Randomised Clinical Trial
No full textVarious active mobilisation protocols are used after repair of extensor tendons in zone V and VI. These include relative motion extension splinting (RMES) and controlled active motion (CAM) protocols. Similar outcomes are reported for most early active mobilisation protocols, however reports on RMES protocols suggest a possible earlier return to work and functional use of the affected hand. To date no published prospective trials have compared the RMES to other early active mobilisation protocols. This randomised clinical trial prospectively investigated whether patients with extensor tendon repairs in zone V and VI managed with an RMES protocol would return to functional use of the hand sooner than those managed with an extensor CAM protocol.
Between January 2015 and February 2016, 42 participants who had undergone extensor tendon repair in zone V and/or VI were recruited to the study. They were randomised into two groups: one group was treated using a CAM protocol, the other an RMES protocol. Participants were reviewed at four and eight weeks post-operatively. The primary outcome was the Sollerman Hand Function Test (SHFT) score. Secondary outcomes included: days to return to work, total active motion (TAM), grip strength the QuickDASH (Disabilities of Arm, Shoulder and Hand) questionnaire and participant satisfaction. Complications were recorded.
The RMES group demonstrated significantly better results than the CAM group at four weeks with regard to the SHFT mean score (p=0.0073), the QuickDASH score (p=0.77) and TAM (p=0.008). At eight weeks the RMES group continued to show better results than the CAM group for TAM (p=0.030), but there was no difference between groups for the SHFT and QuickDASH scores. Median days to return to work were similar between groups with RMES group 20 days (Interquartile range [IQR]: 12, 57) and CAM 18 days (IQR: 6, 55), (p=0.77). There was no significant difference between groups with regard to grip strength at eight weeks. RMES participants reported a significantly higher level of satisfaction with the splint than the CAM group (p<0.0001). No tendon ruptures occurred in either group. One RMES participant underwent tenolysis surgery and there was no significant difference in complication rates between groups.
This is the first randomised clinical trial to prospectively compare an RMES protocol to a CAM protocol. Participants treated with an RMES protocol demonstrated better early return to functional use of the hand than those treated with a CAM protocol, and RMES participants continued to show better range of motion than CAM participants at eight weeks. RMES participants were also more satisfied with splinting than CAM participants. There was no difference in return to work timeframes, possibly due to factors outside the control of the study. No ruptures occurred in either group, complication rates were low and not significantly different between groups. This study has demonstrated that an RMES protocol provides an earlier return to hand function than a CAM protocol for patients who have undergone extensor tendon repair in zone V and VI
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