1,721,068 research outputs found
John Shepherd and Keith Laybourn, Britain’s First Labour Government,
No full textRecensione - John Shepherd and Keith Laybourn, Britain’s First Labour Government, «Ricerche di storia politica», 3/2015
The History of the Labour Party
No full textKeith Laybourn traces the emergence of the Labour Party, its highs and lows and wonders if its forward march is now halte
The disaffiliation crisis of 1932: the Labour Party, the Independent Labour Party (ILP) and the opinion of ILP members
No full textThe essay deals with one of the major turning points in inter-war British Labour politics, the disaffiliation of the Independent Labour Party from the Labour Party in 1932. Examining the tensions between the Labour Party and the ILP in the early inter-war years Keith Laybourn suggests that this was a product of tensions that had been building up since the beginning of the inter-war years was not simply a product of any last minute campaign by some prominent placed and leading members of the ILP driven by the concern to speed up the socialist revolution. They might have felt that a workers’ revolution was required to replace the Labour Party approach of administering capitalism and seeking its reform but this was not a view held by most in the Labour Party, or possibly the majority of ILP membership in 1932, which were ready to accept conventional and disciplined politics. In the end, however, petulance, rather than sensible decision making, drove the ILP out of the Labour Party in a brief moment when, as became obvious, a minority of disaffiliationists gained control of the ILP
Working class life in Bradford 1900-1914 : the philanthropic, political and personal responses to poverty with particular reference to women and children
No full textThe challenge that faced Edwardian Britain was how to respond to poverty and related social
problems. The Victorian ideas on poverty and philanthropy were under attack by the
beginning of the twentieth century and had not been replaced by those of the mid to late
twentieth century, large-scale state welfare. This meant that the first twenty years of the
twentieth century were a time when there was no consensus on how to respond to poverty.
The concern about poverty with the lives of the working-class highlighted by Booth, Rowntree
and the Boer War led to the development of new responses to poverty. Two groups who
attracted attention at this time were working-class women and children whose poverty and
related problems were highlighted during the first two decades of the twentieth century. In
Bradford there were developments in both the political and philanthropic spheres in response
to poverty. This thesis seeks to add to the knowledge of the early twentieth century through
focusing on responses to poverty within one English town, Bradford, concentrating on both
the philanthropic and political community. No study has investigated the work of both the
Guild of Help and the ILP together and examined how their work and their policies impacted
on poverty in Bradford. The Guild of Help looked to alleviate the poverty of those best placed
to help themselves whereas the ILP aimed to alleviate, if not eliminate problems for all of
those in poverty.
The working class in Bradford responded to poverty largely through the development
of practical strategies that enabled them and their families to survive. They were not able to
alleviate their own poverty on a long-term basis and in some cases needed outside
assistance in order to survive.
The main response of the philanthropic community was the establishment of the
Bradford City Guild of Help. It aimed to provide a community wide response to poverty in
Bradford and to act as a clearing-house for charity in order to eliminate fraud. This response
of the Bradford charitable elite aimed to investigate personal circumstances and provide help
in the form of advice rather than money. The Guild of Help looked to alleviate rather than
eliminate poverty and helped those in the best position to practice self-help. Although its
acceptance of a role of the state in areas that had had been the traditional preserve of charity
showed that the Guild of Help had moved on from Victorian charity, it still aimed to preserve
the status quo and would not advocate any measures that would change this. The knowledge
built up by the Guild of Help in relation to the problems of working-class women and children
ensured that it was well placed to deal with these problems. However it preferred to deal with
each case on an individual basis by individual Helpers which meant that there was no
consistency in dealing with the poverty of working class women and children.
The major response from the political community came from the Independent Labour
Party. The ILP looked to eliminate poverty and the social ills associated with it and if poverty
could not be eliminated without a change in society, then the ILP advocated that society
should be fundamentally changed. The ILP lacked a coherent plan to tackle poverty and
related problems in Bradford and had little success in responding to problems such as
unemployment. However, the ILP did make the issue of education their own and built on the
work of Margaret McMillan in Bradford. The ILP did challenge traditional views on
responsibility for children and their policies made a difference to the lives of working-class
children
Going to the dogs. A history of Greyhound racing in Britain, 1926-2017,
No full textBook review of "Going to the dogs. A history of Greyhound racing in Britain, 1926-2017" by Keith Laybourn, Manchester, Manchester University Press, 201
Social, political and economic problems of the 1920s an 30s
No full textIn this podcast Professor Keith Laybourn of the University of Huddersfield examines the key social, political and economic problems of the 1920s and 30
1964-79 - Reasons for the growing domestic problems under the Labour and Conservative Governments
No full textIn this podcast Professor Keith Laybourn of the University of Huddersfield discusses the key reasons for the growing domestic problems under the Labour and Conservative Governments 1964-79 and looks at the effectiveness of their response
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
1945-64 - Post War Consensus and the welfare state
No full textIn this podcast Professor Keith Laybourn of the University of Huddersfield looks at the period 1945-64. What were the key forces that led to the welfare state and the ‘post war consensuses? To what extent did this consensus transform the lives of British people
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