1,720,964 research outputs found
Effect of the Muslim Headscarf on Face Perception. A series of psychological experiments looking at how the Muslim headscarf influences the perception of (South Asian) faces.
No full textThe Muslim headscarf conceals the hair and other external features of a face. For this reason
it may have implications for the recognition of such faces. The experiments reported in this
thesis aimed to investigate anecdotal reports, which suggested that headscarf wearing females
are more difficult to recognise. This was done by employing a series of experiments which
involved a yes/no recognition task. The stimuli that were used were images of South Asian
females who were photographed wearing a Muslim headscarf (HS), with their own hair
visible (H), and a third set of stimuli were produced in which their external features were
cropped (CR). Most importantly, participants either took part in the condition in which the
state of the external features remained the same between the learning and test stage (Same) or
the condition in which they were switched between the two stages (Switch). In one
experiment participants completed a Social Contact Questionnaire. Surprisingly, in the Same
condition, there was no difference in the recognition rates of faces that were presented with
hair, with headscarf, or cropped faces. However, participants in the Switch condition
performed significantly worse than those in the Same condition. It was also found that there
was no difference in the % of fixations to the external features between the Same and Switch
condition, which implied that the drop in performance between the two conditions was not
mediated by eye-movements. These results suggest that the internal and external features of
a face are processed interactively and, although the external features were not fixated on, a
manipulation to them caused a drop in performance. This was confirmed in a separate
experiment in which participants were unable to ignore the external features when they were
asked to judge the similarity of the internal features of pairs of faces. Pairs of headscarf faces
were rated as being more similar compared to pairs of faces with hair. Finally, for one group
of participants it was found that contact with headscarf-wearing females was positively
correlated with the recognition of headscarf-wearing faces. It was concluded that the
headscarf per se did not impair face recognition and that there is enough information in the
internal features of a face for optimal recognition, however, performance was disrupted when
the presence or absence of the headscarf was manipulated
Effect of the Muslim Headscarf on Face Perception. A series of psychological experiments looking at how the Muslim headscarf influences the perception of (South Asian) faces.
No full textThe Muslim headscarf conceals the hair and other external features of a face. For this reason
it may have implications for the recognition of such faces. The experiments reported in this
thesis aimed to investigate anecdotal reports, which suggested that headscarf wearing females
are more difficult to recognise. This was done by employing a series of experiments which
involved a yes/no recognition task. The stimuli that were used were images of South Asian
females who were photographed wearing a Muslim headscarf (HS), with their own hair
visible (H), and a third set of stimuli were produced in which their external features were
cropped (CR). Most importantly, participants either took part in the condition in which the
state of the external features remained the same between the learning and test stage (Same) or
the condition in which they were switched between the two stages (Switch). In one
experiment participants completed a Social Contact Questionnaire. Surprisingly, in the Same
condition, there was no difference in the recognition rates of faces that were presented with
hair, with headscarf, or cropped faces. However, participants in the Switch condition
performed significantly worse than those in the Same condition. It was also found that there
was no difference in the % of fixations to the external features between the Same and Switch
condition, which implied that the drop in performance between the two conditions was not
mediated by eye-movements. These results suggest that the internal and external features of
a face are processed interactively and, although the external features were not fixated on, a
manipulation to them caused a drop in performance. This was confirmed in a separate
experiment in which participants were unable to ignore the external features when they were
asked to judge the similarity of the internal features of pairs of faces. Pairs of headscarf faces
were rated as being more similar compared to pairs of faces with hair. Finally, for one group
of participants it was found that contact with headscarf-wearing females was positively
correlated with the recognition of headscarf-wearing faces. It was concluded that the
headscarf per se did not impair face recognition and that there is enough information in the
internal features of a face for optimal recognition, however, performance was disrupted when
the presence or absence of the headscarf was manipulated
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Tilt aftereffect for texture edges is larger than in matched subjective edges, but both are strong adaptors of luminance edges
No full textNoThe tilt aftereffect (TAE) has been used previously to probe whether contours defined by different attributes are subserved by the same or by different underlying mechanisms. Here, we compare two types of contours between texture surfaces, one with texture orientation contrast across the edge (orientation contrast contour; OC) and one without, commonly referred to as a subjective contour (SC). Both contour types produced curves of TAE versus adapting angle displaying typical positive and negative peaks at ~15 and 70 deg, respectively. The curves are well fit by difference of Gaussian (DoG) functions, with one Gaussian accounting for the contour adaptation effect and the other accounting for the texture orientation adaptation effect. Adaptation to OC elicited larger TAEs than did adaptation to SC, suggesting that they more effectively activate orientation-selective neurons in V1/V2 during prolonged viewing. Surprisingly, both contour types adapted a luminance contour (LC) as strongly as did an LC itself, suggesting that the second-order orientation cue contained in the texture edge activates the same set of orientation-selective neurons as does an LC. These findings have implications for the mechanisms by which the orientations of texture edges and SCs are encode
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
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