10 research outputs found
People deliver eye care: managing human resources
No full textPeople deliver health. Effective health care needs an efficient and motivated health workforce, which is the totality of individuals who directly or indirectly contribute to the promotion, protection and improvement of the health of the population.Community eye health is about providing eye health care to the people as close as possible to where they live and as much as possible at a price they can afford. It promotes people-centred care rather than the traditional disease-centred eye care services. In order to provide effective and efficient eye care services, we need an adequate number of well-qualified, well-motivated and equitably distributed eye health workers (EHWs)
The challenges of advocacy in sub-Saharan Africa
No full textVISION 2020: The Right to Sight has achieved significant results in its first five years of existence.1 The factors that contributed to these successes include:* increased political commitment* increased commitment from eye health professionals* increased commitment and support from national and international non-governmental organisations (NGOs)* increased involvement of, and partnership with, the corporate sector
Nigeria: The Matrix Between Fragility of Livelihoods and Conflict
No full textIn recent times, there has been an increased outbreak of conflicts across the globe, particularly in areas experiencing livelihood fragility. Available literature suggests that in a society where livelihoods are threatened, minimal, or non-existent, the people are generally more overwhelmed and prone to violence and conflict. This paper consolidates the available literature on livelihoods and conflict, with the aim of identifying the nexus between the two concepts. The author particularly interrogates the matrix between fragility of livelihoods and armed conflicts, with emphasis on Boko Haram and the Niger Delta conflicts. The article notes that there seems to be a large pool of vulnerable citizens from where Boko Haram members are continuously being recruited. The article establishes that there is greater fragility of livelihoods in that part of the country, the northern part of Nigeria. The article also engages with the Nigerian legislative framework on livelihoods and concludes that it is grossly deficient. The author further enquires on the nature and context of sustainable livelihoods and conflict management in crisis-prone states. Among the many lessons learned and discussed is that sustainable livelihoods’ vulnerabilities have negative consequences, conflict being the prime one. Overall, the article concludes by making recommendations on how various factors and processes which inhibit sustainable livelihoods’ fragility can be addressed. The vulnerable members of the society must be given access to participatory, developmental, and sustainable livelihood projects
Stimulating Nigeria's emerging real estate markets : investment opportunities through the public sector
No full textThesis (S.M. in Real Estate Development)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Urban Studies and Planning, Center for Real Estate, 2008.This electronic version was submitted by the student author. The certified thesis is available in the Institute Archives and Special Collections.Includes bibliographical references (leaves 68-69).In its Global Economics Paper Nc.134, the Goldman Sachs Economics Group highlights the West African country of Nigeria as having the potential to be among the next generation of emerging markets around the world the next eleven (N-11) - after their much publicized BRIC countries: Brazil, Russia, India and China. Nigeria - the only country included from Sub-Saharan Africa - is shown to have the potential to become one of the top 20 economies of the world by 2025: owing to such indicators as recent GDP growth - and projections for continued growth - and its substantial population. As is typical with emerging markets, rapid growth in Nigeria's economy translates into an equally rapid growth in the demand for institutional quality real estate and the first signs of this can already be observed in the country's major markets of Lagos, Port-Harcourt and Abuja. This growirg demand has however been met with very limited supply, resulting in high and growing rents in these markets and an opportunity for profitable real estate investment, where they can be found. This paper examines the role of the public sector as one such source of real estate investment opportunity: The public sector having hitherto played a very active role in the country's real estate development. An analysis will be made of the historical development of public sector inflence on real estate; and then an evaluation made, on the opportunities being created, as this influence is directed towards encouraging private sector investment and expertise.by Oladimeji Odusote.S.M.in Real Estate Developmen
Thermodynamic properties of Al in ternary lead-free solder Al-Sn-Zn alloys
No full textAbstractThermodynamic properties of Al were calculated using the molecular interaction volume model (MIVM) by analyzing the activities of components in the constitutive binary Al-Sn, Al-Zn and Sn-Zn subsystems of the ternary lead-free solder Al-Sn-Zn systems. The activities of Al content in the ternary system at three cross-sections with constant molar ratios of Sn:Zn = 2:1, 1:1 and 1:2, respectively, were calculated and compared with available experimental data at 973 K. Based on the agreement between the calculated activity values and corresponding literature data for Al-Sn-Zn alloys and their subsystems, the activity of Al content in the ternary Al-Sn-Zn system was estimated at the same cross-sections and mole ratios in the temperature range of 1073 K to 1373 K, respectively. It has been observed through the computed activity values of Al that the thermodynamic properties of the ternary Al-Sn-Zn systems do not change appreciably with temperature across the molar sections.</jats:p
Validation Study of the Siriraj Stroke Score in African Nigerians and Evaluation of the Discriminant Values of Its Parameters
No full text
Accuracy of the Siriraj Stroke Score in Differentiating Cerebral Haemorrhage and Infarction in African Nigerians (English)
No full textBackground
Scoring systems based on discriminant analysis technique and multivariate logistic regression have been developed to distinguish cerebral haemorrhage (CH) from cerebral infarction (CI). This distinction is necessary in the acute management of stroke patients.
Objectif
The Siriraj stroke score (SSS) was evaluated in Siriraj hospital, Bangkok, and the Western Infirmary, Glasgow, and needs to be validated in an African setting. Methodology
The computerised tomography (CT) brain scans of all patients referred with clinical diagnosis of stroke at the University College Hospital (UCH), Ibadan, and RADMED diagnostic centre, Lagos were retrieved and reviewed as well as the case notes of the patients at the referral hospitals. The SSS was computed and the stroke subtype classified. This was compared with the CTscan diagnosis using the latter as the gold standard. Data analysis was performed with Epi-info software and by standard statistical methods.
Results
Ninety-six patients had complete clinical records and CT scan features consistent with stroke. Of these, 52 had cerebral infarction (CI) and 44 had cerebral haemorrhage (CH). SSS had sensitivity of 50% for CH and 58% for CI with an accuracy of 54.2%. Conclusion
In this study, the SSS was not sufficiently sensitive to differentiate between CH and CI in Africans. A prospective study with larger sample size and modification of the discriminant variables is suggested. For now, while efforts must continue to find a simple clinical scoring system to differentiate between CH and CI, we contend that CTscan should remain the investigative technique of choice and should be made affordable and available.
Keywords: Africa, cerebral haemorrhage, cerebral infarction, Nigeria, stroke, CT-scan, Accident vasculaire cérébral hemorragique, Accident vasculaire cérébral ischémique, A frique, Nigeria, tomodensitométrie
Résumé
Introduction
Dans le but d\'agir avec efficacité dans la prise en charge thérapeutique des accidents vasculaires cérébraux un score discriminant à l\'aide de variables multiples a été élaboré afin de distinguer les accidents vasculaires hémorragiques (AVCH) des accidents vasculaires ischémiques (AVCI).
Objective
Le Siriraj stroke score (SSS) a été évalué au Siriraj hospital, Bangkok et au Western infirmary, Glasgow. Il importait de le valider dans le cadre africain. Méthodologie
Les dossiers des malades hospitalisés au Centre Hospitalier Universitaire d\'Ibadan et au centre diagnostic RADMED à Lagos ont été étudiés rétrospectvement de même que les CT-scan. Les données scannographiques ont été comparées au SSS. Les informations ont été analysées grâce au logiciel Epi-info et à l\'aide de différentes méthodes stastistiques. Résultats
96 patitents ont été retenus. 52 malades avaient un infarcissement cérébral et 44 une hémorragie cérébrale. Le SSS avait une sensiblité de 50% pour les AVC hémorragiques et 58% pour les AVCI avec une spécificité de 54,2%. Conclusion
Cette étude permet de conclure en l\'absence de spécificité du SSS dans la distinction des AVCH et AVCI chez les Africains. Une étude prospective est préconisée en modifiant certaines variables. Actuellement le CT-scan reste la technique de choix pour différencier les AVCI des AVCH.
Af J Neuro Sci: 2002 20(1
ACCURACY OF THE SIRIRAJ STROKE SCORE IN DIFFERENTIATING CEREBRAL HAEMORRAGHE AND INFARCTION IN AFRICAN NIGERIANS
No full textBackground: Scoring systems based on discriminant analysis technique
and multivariate logistic regression have been developed to distinguish
cerebral haemorrhage (CH) from cerebral infarction (CI). This
distinction is necessary in the acute management of stroke patients.
The Siriraj stroke score (SSS) was evaluated in Siriraj hospital,
Bangkok, and the Western Infirmary, Glasgow, and needs to be validated
in an African setting. Methodology: The computerised tomography (CT)
brain scans of all patients referred with clinical diagnosis of stroke
at the University College Hospital (UCH), Ibadan, and RADMED diagnostic
centre, Lagos were retrieved and reviewed as well as the case notes of
the patients at the referral hospitals. The SSS was computed and the
stroke subtype classified. This was compared with the CT scan diagnosis
using the latter as the gold standard. Data analysis was performed with
Epi-info software and by standard statistical methods. Results:
Ninety-six patients had complete clinical records and CT scan features
consistent with stroke. Of these, 52 had cerebral infarction (CI) and
44 had cerebral haemorrhage (CH). SSS had sensitivity of 50% for CH and
58% for CI with an accuracy of 54.2%. Conclusion: In this study, the
SSS was not sufficiently sensitive to differentiate between CH and CI
in Africans. A prospective study with larger sample size and
modification of the discriminant variables is suggested. For now, while
efforts must continue to find a simple clinical scoring system to
differentiate between CH and CI, we contend that CT scan should remain
the investigative technique of choice and should be made affordable and
available
ACCURACY OF THE SIRIRAJ STROKE SCORE IN DIFFERENTIATING CEREBRAL HAEMORRAGHE AND INFARCTION IN AFRICAN NIGERIANS
No full textBackground: Scoring systems based on discriminant analysis technique
and multivariate logistic regression have been developed to distinguish
cerebral haemorrhage (CH) from cerebral infarction (CI). This
distinction is necessary in the acute management of stroke patients.
The Siriraj stroke score (SSS) was evaluated in Siriraj hospital,
Bangkok, and the Western Infirmary, Glasgow, and needs to be validated
in an African setting. Methodology: The computerised tomography (CT)
brain scans of all patients referred with clinical diagnosis of stroke
at the University College Hospital (UCH), Ibadan, and RADMED diagnostic
centre, Lagos were retrieved and reviewed as well as the case notes of
the patients at the referral hospitals. The SSS was computed and the
stroke subtype classified. This was compared with the CT scan diagnosis
using the latter as the gold standard. Data analysis was performed with
Epi-info software and by standard statistical methods. Results:
Ninety-six patients had complete clinical records and CT scan features
consistent with stroke. Of these, 52 had cerebral infarction (CI) and
44 had cerebral haemorrhage (CH). SSS had sensitivity of 50% for CH and
58% for CI with an accuracy of 54.2%. Conclusion: In this study, the
SSS was not sufficiently sensitive to differentiate between CH and CI
in Africans. A prospective study with larger sample size and
modification of the discriminant variables is suggested. For now, while
efforts must continue to find a simple clinical scoring system to
differentiate between CH and CI, we contend that CT scan should remain
the investigative technique of choice and should be made affordable and
available
