3,320 research outputs found
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No full textDespite the large number of metal–organic frameworks that have been studied in the context of post-combustion carbon capture, adsorption equilibria of gas mixtures including CO₂, N₂, and H₂O, which are the three biggest components of the flue gas emanating from a coal- or natural gas-fired power plant, have never been reported. Here, we disclose the design and validation of a high-throughput multicomponent adsorption instrument that can measure equilibrium adsorption isotherms for mixtures of gases at conditions that are representative of an actual flue gas from a power plant. This instrument is used to study 15 different metal–organic frameworks, zeolites, mesoporous silicas, and activated carbons representative of the broad range of solid adsorbents that have received attention for CO₂ capture. While the multicomponent results presented in this work provide many interesting fundamental insights, only adsorbents functionalized with alkylamines are shown to have any significant CO₂ capacity in the presence of N₂ and H₂O at equilibrium partial pressures similar to those expected in a carbon capture process. Most significantly, the amine-appended metal organic framework mmen-Mg₂(dobpdc) (mmen = N,N′-dimethylethylenediamine, dobpdc ⁴⁻ = 4,4′-dioxido-3,3′-biphenyldicarboxylate) exhibits a record CO₂ capacity of 4.2 ± 0.2 mmol/g (16 wt %) at 0.1 bar and 40 °C in the presence of a high partial pressure of H₂O.Jarad A. Mason, Thomas M. McDonald, Tae-Hyun Bae, Jonathan E. Bachman, Kenji Sumida, Justin J. Dutton, Steven S. Kaye and Jeffrey R. Lon
Interview with George Collins by Roger Kaye
No full textOral history interview with George Collins. Interviewed by Roger Kaye. Reference to National Park Service and Alaska.
George Collins helped to establish the Arctic Refuge
Name: George Collins
Keywords: History, Biography, Law enforcement, Wildlife refuges, National Park ServiceINTERVIEW WITH GEORGE COLLINS BY ROGER KAYE
PHOENIX, ARIZONA MARCH 28, 1993
MR. KAYE: George, could you tell me a little about your background, your
history, where you were born?
MR. COLLINS: All right. I was born on May 31, 1903 in St. Paul,
Minnesota. And my father’s name was Lynne, L-Y-double N-E Collins. My
mother was Emma Lincoln Walker. My father was in the newspaper business
in St. Paul, with the “St. Paul Pioneer Press.” He was a machinist in the
composing room. My mother was a proofreader and junior editor for the
West Publishing Company in Midway. I don’t know where their business
offices were exactly, but somewhere between St. Paul and Minneapolis, and
we called it Midway.
MR. KAYE: How did you happen to work for the Park Service?
MR. COLLINS: The Park Service? Well, when my parents and my brother and
I, with them, of course, moved to California about 1908, or so, we settled
in the upper Sacramento Valley. And in 1914, 15 or 16, a Congressman from
that district in California was a friend of Steven T. Mather and Horace
Albright who were the first two Directors. Mr. Mather was the first
Director of the National Park Service. And he was the man who conceived
the idea of having a National Park Service. And the Secretary of the
Interior at the time was very friendly toward Mr. Mather, and he said,
“you know so much about it, and like it so well, you go run it.” So
that’s how Mr. Mather became the first Director of the National Park
Service. And Mr. Albright had graduated in Mining Law from the University
of California at Berkley, where Mr. Mather had gone to school himself. So
while Horace Albright wanted to get into the mining business, Mr. Mather
prevailed upon him to become his assistant in the new National Park
Service. So naturally, when Mr. Mather had to retire because of illness
and age, why, Mr. Albright succeeded him as Director of the Service.
Well, my parents and our family up there in northern California knew
Mather pretty well and my brother went into the Park Service, and so did
I. We just sort of followed along with those people. And I worked odd
times in the summer, when I was going to school in Berkley. And finally,
what I did at the time was be a Summer Ranger, or worked as a laborer or
something for the Park Service. Then I took the Park Service Ranger
Examination about 1929, and was appointed to the Grand Canyon. I spent a
little time at Yosemite, and lots of time up at Lassen before the time I
went into the Service permanently. My first permanent job in the Service
was in 1930, at Grand Canyon, as a Ranger. I became not an Assistant
Superintendent, but Assistant to the Superintendent, for Grand Canyon
National Park. There is a lot of difference between those two titles.
See, when I finished going to school, and my folks thought I was never
going to quit going to school, and wondered what I was going to do, I
became a landscape architect, professionally. And they didn’t have any
jobs open for landscape architects, and I liked the Ranger work. I liked
the idea of being a Ranger, and I had passed the Ranger Examination at the
Civil Service, and, as I say, had a couple of little jobs, one at
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Yosemite, and one at Lassen. Then I moved to Arizona, and was a Ranger
there at Grand Canyon National Park. I spent most of my time as the North
Rim Ranger. In those days we didn’t have a road all the way out, that is,
a good road for tourists.
[tape stops and begins again]
Representation in Alaska improved. We had Sitka, and we had Mt. McKinley,
and the big one at Katmi.. Those where rather remote places in those
days. McKinley was on the railroad, but not a lot of people got there. I
think the first time I went up there, it had a big season, about 900
people or something like that. Anyway, it was about 1949 or 1950 that Mr.
Connie Wirth who later became Park Service Director, he was then Chief of
Lands, he ran into me in San Diego where I was running an exhibition of
Interior Department activities. And he said, “what the hell are you doing
here?” I told him and he said, “you go on back to the Grand Canyon, I’ve
got other work for you, more in line with what I want you to be doing.”
So it was Connie who sent me to Alaska. The idea was to make a recreation
survey of the entire territory. And I went everywhere you could get with
an airplane and a boat. I went everywhere I thought I ought to go. So I
covered that territory and I found that most Alaskans, except for those
who fly, professional aviators, and so on, most of them know a lot about
their own little part of Alaska, but they don’t know very much of anything
about the rest of it. I found that they didn’t even see the thing in
their mind’s eye in its full proportion. From down in the southeastern
end of the territory, clear up to the islands of the chain and up north to
St. George, and St. . . .the names go out of my mind, up in the Bering
Sea. Well, I went to all of those places and got a tremendous perspective
of the territory. Of course, I just fell in love with that whole country.
It was country that I could feel at home in. I liked the people, the
wildlife and all that. I was married, with family, and I was torn between
Alaska and California where I had my family. At the time, I couldn’t
think of taking my wife and children up to Alaska. Because they were in
school, they had their home, and that’s where my home was. I felt at the
time like I shouldn’t do that, and I believe today that I made up my mind
in the right direction.
[tape stops and begins]
Around the top of the world, there were in Lapland, which is pretty well
settled, over in Siberia, and elsewhere, in Sweden, and Norway, and so on.
There were only four, five or six, nations that had very much to do in the
Artic. There was not a whole lot of activity nationally amount nations
that had responsibilities in the Arctic. Well, Canada was pretty
outstanding, they took it seriously. They had lot of people, not a lot,
the population of Canada, even today, isn’t all that big, but there were a
lot of people, Indians, Eskimos, and others. There was also an amazing
configuration of lakes and rivers flowing into the Arctic Ocean. That
always fascinated me. Also, as I went into northeastern Alaska, the first
river was very impressive because it started in Alaska, and wandered
around, and it too emptied into the Artic Ocean! The way I was raised,
where I went to school, and all, we never thought of any rivers that
didn’t go south and flow into the Gulf of Mexico, or into the Pacific or
Atlantic Oceans or something. Geographically, it was an amazing
3
revelation to me, to realize that there was an Arctic orientation to a
great deal of the country that the United States was responsible for. I
won’t say, “owned.” We don’t “own” anything. But we were fortunate
enough to have been given responsibility over that part of the world that
is up in the Arctic. And we know of it as Alaska, at least the north
coast of it.
[tape stops and begins]
My partner in most of the work that I did in Alaska and other activities
is dead now. But Lowell Sumner and I thought that we ought to recommend a
Conservation Area. We didn’t necessarily think it should be a National
Park, because you had native people living there who had established
themselves and their own ways. They had gotten firearms finally, and some
of them still used bows and arrows and spears and so on, and maybe they
still do today. I guess they do. But anyway, we didn’t want any of that
to change. And we thought that the best thing in the world for that
northeastern part of Alaska and the northern Yukon would be a great
international conservation area. It would be established for the purpose
of simply protecting it, and letting it alone, as it was.
And that was our recommendation.
MR. KAYE: Did you make this before you went up in 1952, or after?
MR. COLLINS: No, after we’d been there and seen a lot of it. We flew all
of the time.
MR. KAYE: You made two trips to the Arctic Refuge in the 1950s didn’t
you? Didn’t you spend two Sumners there?
MR. COLLINS: At least, I think I made more than that.
MR. KAYE: Your first trip, was that to Peters Schrader Lake area?
MR. COLLINS: We went to Schrader Lake from Barrow. We didn’t know
anything about the country. And John Reed didn’t know anything about that
part of the world, except that he had been in northeast Alaska, and a
little bit of the upper end of the Yukon. But he knew enough to realize
that what we were interested in from the standpoint of scenery,
configuration, and wildlife and all that, was best exemplified over in
that region.
MR. KAYE: The northeast?
MR. COLLINS: Yeah.
MR. KAYE: Now, Reed is with the U. S. Geological Survey isn’t he?
MR. COLLINS: Yes, that’s right.
MR. KAYE: Did he want you to stay east of the Canning River, to be away
from his area?
4
MR. COLLINS: He said, “your National Park.” He never did get over
referring to my interests up there in other than National Park terms. I
explained to him time and time again, in Washington, and up there in
Alaska and everywhere else, that I didn’t give a damn what they called it.
But I thought that a Conservation area wouldn’t fit particularly well into
the National Park Service system of protection area. And that we’d just
have to let people who were more concerned about things like that than I
was, decide, in the department, what to do. And my work was at the
department level, not any particular organization of the department,
except the Secretary’s office.
MR. KAYE: The Interior Department?
MR. COLLINS: Yeah, so I looked at this whole thing from a departmental
standpoint. The Secretary’s office, not from the National Park Service,
the U.S. Geological Survey or any of the rest of them. Well that was
good, to take that stand, that attitude. It was the only way to do good
land use planning. If you started out from a National Park Service
viewpoint, or from Fish and Wildlife, or Land Management, or USGS, you
would miss an awful lot. So I had to hold a general thought of Arctic
land use and conservation in my mind. And right away, I started going
over into the Yukon because it’s all one country. If you stop at the
international borders, you miss half of it. So, I went to Whitehorse, and
the Commissioner of the Yukon Territory was named “Collins.” That was a
peculiar thing to me. There was absolutely no blood relationship that
either one of us could imagine. He was an intelligent fellow, except that
he was drunk all of the time! He was as drunk as a skunk, most of the
time whenever I saw him! And the few times that I got his attention well
enough so that he understood what I was talking about, he was fine. And I
did more good for our interests in the Arctic by sitting in Whitehorse and
help write things for him to sign than I think I did anywhere else. But
we got along fine as representatives of the two countries. And the
interest in…[unintelligible town name] one of those pretty good sized
towns over there, where I used to go and stay, the name won’t come to my
mind right now. But, those people could never think of anything except
mining, and what you could get out of the ground, what you could sell or
convert into money. I didn’t find a good solid conservation thinker in
that whole country over there for a long time. I think there are a number
of them now, who are conservation minded. In the sense that you preserve
and protect something that is an important part of the ethical concept of
your country. You don’t have to do anything with it, just see that it’s
let alone. That’s the way that “Doc”[Sumner] and I felt about that whole
thing up there. It hadn’t been ruined, and why should it be? Well, it
should be because more and more traffic was increasing along the Arctic
coast between the Canadian outposts and Barrow, and those places, and
others in between.
[tape stops and begins again]
Our recommendations were more in line with Fish and Wildlife Service. The
head of that organization in Alaska was Clarence Rhode. I had known
Clarence for a long time, and we were very good friends. He said, “well,
you’ve got to put this in the hands of some outfit to take care it,
5
somebody had to be responsible.” And Clarence wasn’t unhappy, because we
both agreed that it should be U. S. Fish and Wildlife. And I think we
made the right decision. I don’t think that it was utterly National Park
in caliber. And there’s nothing like it and nothing in the National Park
system up there in the Arctic. In fact if I could have justified, in
fact, I wrote justifications, in my own mind, that maybe I should
recommend a National Park, but I fought against that. I didn’t think that
that was the proper attitude to have. I think I was right. I think today
that this was one of the best decisions in land use management terms that
I ever made in my own mind. Which was to keep a National Park out of
there.
MR. KAYE: Why was that George?
MR. COLLINS: Because, right off of the bat, if you have a National Park,
based on the popular concept of what parks are for, you would have to
endorse the idea of all kinds of people going up there. And I didn’t want
that. I didn’t think that there should be a whole lot of people from San
Francisco and Los Angeles running around up there. I thought that you
ought to preserve what was there, whether or not anybody ever got to see
it anymore than they did then. I always felt I was right about that. And
Conrad Worth did too. He is a landscape architect himself, and he said,
“I’ll go along with what you recommend.” So, we would have gotten a
National Park if any one of half a dozen other guys had been in the
position I was in, at that time. Because a lot of people think that
National Park means money. What “Doc” Sumner and I were after wasn’t
going to make any money for anybody.
MR. KAYE: What vision did you and “Doc” Sumner have for the future of
what’s in the Arctic Refuge? What did you see for it?
MR. COLLINS: Only to make sure that the Canadian people saw conservation
in that region pretty much as we did, and would agree that the great thing
about it was to let it alone. The international line divided it in half,
you might say, and we thought that it should be a common bond between the
two nations there, in terms of policy and practice in conserving that
whole region. We did a boundary that reached over on the Canadian side,
and not many years later, they came out with their own boundary on the
Canadian side, and it put ours to shame. They had a much better boundary
than we did.
MR. KAYE: You mean a better park?
MR. COLLINS: They did lean towards the park thing. I’m not sure but I
believe it is a park now. It was an established singular boundary with
provisions for expansion to the south. That surprised us, it surprised
me, but I didn’t raise any questions about it. Because to have them do
anything would help keep those damn prospectors and miners from tearing
the country to pieces. This was a big step ahead. Then Fish and Wildlife
did establish the area on the American side. That was pretty well taken
care of in principal and policy. So that you could, in those main
6
concepts of government, principal and policy, you could go forward and do
more and more with it in terms of protecting and saving it.
MR: KAYE: Let me go back a little ways. You and Clarence Rhode discussed
whether the area should be a park, or a wildlife area, who else was
involved in those discussions back in the 1950s, and tell me how they
went? What things were considered? Who was on what side?
MR. COLLINS: Well, there was a man from Stanford University whose name
escapes me for the moment. I’ve got it somewhere. And he ran the Arctic
Research Laboratory for a couple of years up at Barrow. We would go over
to Barrow and write up reports. Write up what we thought we had learned.
We’d go over there once in a while. And he came over to northeast Alaska
and he went down in the Sheenjek too with us. He was a fine professor of
geology, I think, at Stanford. He was great guy. He understood exactly
what we were doing. And he made available to us stenographic help and
things like that over at Barrow when we’d go over there. We were able to
keep up our reports pretty well. And they looked pretty good when we sent
them outside to San Francisco, and Washington. Of course, that’s all gone
now. No laboratory up there anymore. I think it’s been closed out, which
I think is wrong, absolutely wrong! They never should have discontinued
that effort. They need something, even though our part of the Arctic is
small compared to Canada.
[tape stops and restarts]
The Assistant Director of the National Park Service in Washington, a man
I’d known many, many years and most of my adult life, and of course
Clarence Rhode. Although Clarence was head of Fish and Wildlife in
Alaska, he thought first of the land, and the wildlife. [tape stops] He
was a great man, I think. There was this little fellow from Stanford who
was ahead of any of us. He could see your point of view, just like that.
And I can’t think of his name. But I don’t think, well, Ben Thompson, . .
.
The Superintendent of McKinley was “Mush” Pearson. He was a dog Musher.
He could have been up there for 100 years, and wouldn’t have known anymore
about Alaska than the Alaska Railroad and how to get from Fairbanks to
Anchorage. He was a hunter, and just wasn’t a conservation minded guy.
Those were the only people who had ever been there, who knew anything.
You couldn’t discuss this stuff with anyone. There were more people on
the Canadian side, by far, than there were on the Alaskan side who could
have discussed our views on the Artic with far reaching views.
MR. KAYE: Let’s go back to Clarence Rhode. Did he fly you around? Was
he involved in your survey?
MR. COLLINS: He flew me whenever he was up there in that region on his
own business for Fish and Wildlife. He’d take the time, I flew a lot with
Clarence. He was a good pilot, an excellent pilot. Highly trained, and
skilled. Not a man of great formal training or education, but he had
enough. Clarence had a tremendous business head, when it came to running
his outfit there. He and I talked about it all the time. You might say
7
that he and John Reed were my strongest confederates in discussions and
analysis of what the Arctic was, and why it should be left alone, and
things like that. I don’t remember other people. You had to have been
there and learned a little about it in order to have anything to say about
it. I know I couldn’t talk intelligently about it until after I had been
there for awhile, and I went there for that purpose.
MR. KAYE: Your second trip, was that to the Firth River, Joel Creek area?
MR. COLLINS: No, I don’t remember for sure. I made a couple of trips up
there to the Artic area before I got a consciousness of the vastness of
it. I could see, as anybody would, from a map that it was a big thing,
but the personality of the land, and when my concept came to the point of
thinking in terms of everything north of the Yukon River being another
world. I included the Brooks Range. But now, as I look back, that my
mind gradually took the crest of the Brooks Range on up to the Artic as
that world in itself. And south of there, I thought, was the Yukon, and
more Alaska. It was a normal way of dividing up the land, to even think
about it.
MR. KAYE: What was the best area, the area that you most enjoyed in Artic
Refuge? You camped all over, Joel Creek, Schrader Lake, and Sheenjek,
what did you like best?
MR. COLLINS: Well, it’s hard to answer that. I never spent a lifetime
there. I never spent enough time to be greatly impressed by, as I know I
would have been, by many other places besides Joel Creek. But in the
experience that I did have, I felt that Joel Creek was one of the most
representative and distinguished parts of the Artic region that I knew
anything about. And even now, in my mind’s eye when I think about the
Artic, I think first about Joel Creek. Where it started over there, up
Joel Creek and through the hills a little ways. And then, the next river
south, Manchu Creek, which runs into the Firth River. It seemed to me
that the difference between those two places, Manchu Creek in it’s own
way, and the Firth in the way that appealed to me so much. Then the whole
setting, going back to Peter’s Lake and Schrader Lake and the big mountain
that sticks up there. I include all that when I talk about the area where
“Doc” and I camped and worked so much. You can land a plane in there
pretty safely and comfortably.
MR. KAYE: With a float- plane? At Peter’s Lake you mean?
MR. COLLINS: No, I meant over at Joel Creek. Yeah, we had that big
willow patch. And there was a family of moose that lived in there. And
we lived on one end of it. But we went out and dug around a little bit,
and made a good enough strip so you could get in and out.
MR. KAYE: Who flew you in there?
MR. COLLINS: For heavens sake, (thinking) it was an Alaskan Airlines guy
who lived up on the coast there. Do you remember him?
8
MR. KAYE: No
MR. COLLINS: He had a place down Fairbanks.
MR. KAYE: Did he live at Barter Island?
MR. COLLINS: No, Barter Island is over on the Canadian side. He lived
about half way between Barter Island and Barrow. His
Steven Yedinak Interview
No full textLTC (RET) Steven M. Yedinak commissioned in the U. S. Army Infantry in 1963 and subsequently spent 26 years in Special Forces and Airborne Infantry. He served two combat tours in Vietnam (1966-67 & 1971-1972), and started the Mobile Guerrilla Force. He is the author of Hard to Forget: An American with the Mobile Guerrilla Force in Vietnam (Random House, 1998). He retired from the Army in 1989
Evaluation of cation-exchanged zeolite adsorbents for post-combustion carbon dioxide capture
No full textA series of zeolite adsorbents has been evaluated for potential application in post-combustion CO₂ capture using a new high-throughput gas adsorption instrument capable of measuring 28 samples in parallel. Among the zeolites tested, Ca-A exhibits the highest CO₂ uptake (3.72 mmol g⁻¹ and 5.63 mmol cm⁻³) together with an excellent CO₂ selectivity over N₂ under conditions relevant to capture from the dry flue gas stream of a coal-fired power plant. The large initial isosteric heat of adsorption of −58 kJ mol⁻¹ indicates the presence of strong interactions between CO₂ and the Ca-A framework. Neutron and X-ray powder diffraction studies reveal the precise location of the adsorption sites for CO₂ in Ca-A and Mg-A. A detailed study of CO₂ adsorption kinetics further shows that the performance of Ca-A is not limited by slow CO₂ diffusion within the pores. Significantly, Ca-A exhibited a higher volumetric CO₂ uptake and CO₂/N₂ selectivity than Mg₂(dobdc) (dobdc⁴⁻ = 1,4-dioxido-2,5-benzenedicarboxylate; Mg-MOF-74, CPO-27-Mg), one of the best performing adsorbents. The exceptional performance of Ca-A was maintained in CO₂ breakthrough simulations.Tae-Hyun Bae, Matthew R. Hudson, Jarad A. Mason, Wendy L. Queen, Justin J. Dutton, Kenji Sumida, Ken J. Micklash, Steven S. Kaye, Craig M. Brown and Jeffrey R. Lon
Corolla size and temporal displacement of flowering times among sympatric diploid and tetraploid highbush blueberry (Vaccinium corymbosum)
No full textPolyploidy (whole-genome duplication) is common in vascular plants, but the modes of establishment and persistence, as well as the ecological consequences, of polyploidy remain vague. Highbush blueberry (Vaccinium corymbosum L.) is an ecologically and economically important understory shrub with an unclear species definition, coexisting in sympatric populations of diploid and tetraploid cytotypes. This study analyzes differences in bloom time between sympatric diploid and tetraploid V. corymbosum in natural populations, testing the potential for these cytotypes to interbreed and contributing to the formation and continuity of ploidy-level diversification within this species. Ploidal level was confirmed through DNA flow cytometry of sympatric plants from two populations in New Jersey, USA. Flower bloom date and corolla size were recorded over a three-year period. Diploid corollas were 32% smaller than tetraploid corollas, making them easily identifiable in the field. Ploidy accounted for 55-69% of the variation in bloom date, with diploids flowering about one week before tetraploids, and the remaining variation distributed among plants, among branches, and within branches. Notwithstanding these differences, there was modest overlap in flowering time between cytotypes, suggesting that cross-pollination is possible. This contributes evidence to the most current species definition of V. corymbosum as a single (mixed ploidy) species.Poster's Graduate Student Thesis Publication.Peer reviewed
Application of Quantification of Uncertainties Method in Detonation Simulation to Steven Test
No full textAbstractDetonation sensitivity is important index for measuring initial capability high explosive. Steven impact test is one of the basic tests about gauging and has greatly increased the fundamental knowledge of practical predictions of impact safety hazards. We describe a modified form of Lee-Tarver reactive flow model, Lagrange model and elastoplasticity hydrodynamics model. It is better suited for test data. Numerical simulation has become more important in designing detonation systems and the quantification of its uncertainty is also necessary to reliability certification. We try to apply quantification of uncertainty in detonation simulation to Steven impact test for proof feasibility of the quantifying uncertainty framework in practical problem
Unified mathematical treatment of complex cascaded bipartite networks: The case of collections of journal papers
No full textIn this study, a mathematical treatment is proposed for analysis of entities and relations among entities in
complex networks consisting of cascaded bipartite networks. This treatment is applied to the case of
collections of journal papers. In this case, entities are distinguishable objects and concepts, such as papers,
references, paper authors, reference authors, paper journals, reference journals, institutions, terms, and term
definitions. Relations are associations between entity-types such as papers and the references they cite, or
paper authors and the papers they write. An entity-relationship model is introduced that explicitly shows
direct links between entity-types and possible useful indirect relations. From this a matrix formulation and
generalized matrix arithmetic are introduced that allow easy expression of relations between entities and
calculation of weights of indirect links and co-occurrence links. Occurrence matrices, equivalence
matrices, membership matrices and co-occurrence matrices are described. A dynamic model of growth
describes recursive relations in occurrence and co-occurrence matrices as papers are added to the paper
collection. Graph theoretic matrices are introduced to allow information flow studies of networks of papers
linked by their citations. Similarity calculations and similarity fusion are explained. Derivation of feature
vectors for pattern recognition techniques is presented. The relation of the proposed mathematical
treatment to seriation, clustering, multidimensional scaling, and visualization techniques is discussed. It is
shown that most existing bibliometric analysis techniques for dealing with collections of journal papers are
easily expressed in terms of the proposed mathematical treatment: co-citation analysis, bibliographic
coupling analysis, author co-citation analysis, journal co-citation analysis, Braam-Moed-vanRaan (BMV)
co-citation/co-word analysis, latent semantic analysis, hubs and authorities, and multidimensional scaling.
This report discusses an extensive software toolkit that was developed for this research for analyzing and
visualizing entities and links in a collection of journal papers. Additionally, an extensive case study is
presented, analyzing and visualizing 60 years of anthrax research through a collection of journal papers.
When dealing with complex networks that consist of cascaded bipartite networks, the treatment presented
here provides a general mathematical framework for all aspects of analysis of static network structure and
network dynamic growth. As such, it provides a basic paradigm for thinking about and modeling such
networks: computing direct and indirect links, expressing and analyzing statistical distributions of network
characteristics, describing network growth, deriving feature vectors, clustering, and visualizing network
structure and growth
What's Wrong with the First Amendment? - A Book Celebration
No full textAuthor: Steven H. Shiffrin (Charles Frank Reavis Sr. Professor of Law, Emeritus; Cornell Law School). Speakers: Vincent Blasi (Corliss Lamont Professor of Civil Liberties; University of California, Los Angeles, School of Law), Michael Dorf (Robert S. Stevens Professor of Law; Cornell Law School). Moderator: Aziz Rana (Professor of Law; Cornell Law School). Monday, November 7, 12:15pm, 290 Myron Taylor HallA Book Celebration upon the publication of Prof. Steven H. Shiffrin's book, What's Wrong with the First Amendment?Cornell University Law Library1_m65zr5h
A Cryo-CMOS DAC-based 40 Gb/s PAM4 Wireline Transmitter for Quantum Computing Applications
No full textState-of-the-art quantum computers already comprise hundreds of cryogenic quantum bits (qubits), and prototypes with over 10k qubits are currently being developed. Such large-scale systems require local cryogenic electronics for qubit control and readout, leaving the digital controllers for algorithm execution and quantum error correction (QEC) at room temperature due to the limited cryogenic cooling budget. The entire process, including qubit readout, data transmission, QEC, and algorithm execution, should be completed well within the qubit decoherence time, thus requiring a low-power high-speed communication link between the cryogenic quantum processor and classical processor located at room temperature. To this end, this paper presents the first cryo-CMOS high-speed 4-level pulse amplitude modulation (PAM4) wireline transmitter. Thanks to a power-efficient serializing architecture driving a 6-bit digital-to-analog converter (DAC), the 40-nm CMOS chip achieves a data rate of 40 Gb/s PAM4 with an efficiency of 2.46pJ/b and a ratio of level mismatch (RLM) of 97.8% at 4.2 K. While demonstrating an energy efficiency comparable to state-of-the-art transmitters in more advanced CMOS nodes, the extremely wide temperature operating range (4.2 K - 300 K) will enable future large-scale quantum computers.Green Open Access added to TU Delft Institutional Repository ‘You share, we take care!’ – Taverne project https://www.openaccess.nl/en/you-share-we-take-care Otherwise as indicated in the copyright section: the publisher is the copyright holder of this work and the author uses the Dutch legislation to make this work public.QCD/Babaie LabElectronicsElectrical Engineering, Mathematics and Computer ScienceQuantum Circuit Architectures and Technolog
Provenance-based trust for grid computing: Position Paper
No full textCurrent evolutions of Internet technology such as Web Services, ebXML, peer-to-peer and Grid computing all point to the development of large-scale open networks of diverse computing systems interacting with one another to perform tasks. Grid systems (and Web Services) are exemplary in this respect and are perhaps some of the first large-scale open computing systems to see widespread use - making them an important testing ground for problems in trust management which are likely to arise. From this perspective, today's grid architectures suffer from limitations, such as lack of a mechanism to trace results and lack of infrastructure to build up trust networks. These are important concerns in open grids, in which "community resources" are owned and managed by multiple stakeholders, and are dynamically organised in virtual organisations. Provenance enables users to trace how a particular result has been arrived at by identifying the individual services and the aggregation of services that produced such a particular output. Against this background, we present a research agenda to design, conceive and implement an industrial-strength open provenance architecture for grid systems. We motivate its use with three complex grid applications, namely aerospace engineering, organ transplant management and bioinformatics. Industrial-strength provenance support includes a scalable and secure architecture, an open proposal for standardising the protocols and data structures, a set of tools for configuring and using the provenance architecture, an open source reference implementation, and a deployment and validation in industrial context. The provision of such facilities will enrich grid capabilities by including new functionalities required for solving complex problems such as provenance data to provide complete audit trails of process execution and third-party analysis and auditing. As a result, we anticipate that a larger uptake of grid technology is likely to occur, since unprecedented possibilities will be offered to users and will give them a competitive edge
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