179 research outputs found
Effect of Digital Marketing Practices on Consumer Buying Behaviour in Breadtalk Products (Kay Thi Kyaw, 2025)
No full textThis study aims to investigate the effect of digital marketing practices on
consumer buying behaviour toward BreadTalk products. In this study, digital
marketing practices include email marketing, social media marketing, content
marketing, and website marketing. A quantitative research method is employed to
achieve the objective. A sample of 385 respondents, who are consumer of BreadTalk
and also the followers of the BreadTalk page, is selected using the systematic
sampling method. According to the multiple regression results, digital marketing
practices affect consumer buying behaviour toward BreadTalk products. Among the
digital marketing practices, website effectiveness shows the highest positive effect on
consumer buying behaviour, followed by social media marketing, content marketing,
and email marketing. BreadTalk Myanmar should enhance its website’s functionality
and content. Moreover, the website should integrate engaging multimedia content,
such as virtual bakery tours, chef stories, or baking process demonstrations, to
complement content marketing efforts and encourage repeat visits. According to
objectives two, it is found that independent variables of Email Marketing, Social
Media Marketing, Content Marketing and Website Marketing have above the
moderate level of effects on Consumer Buying Behaviours of BreadTalk Myanmar
Products
CUSTOMER PERCEPTION TOWARDS RENTAL-PURCHASE SERVICE IN RENT 2 OWN (MYANMAR) CO., LTD (Kay Khine Kyaw Tun, 2018)
No full textThis study focused on customer perception towards rental-purchase service of Rent 2 Own (Myanmar) Co., Ltd. The main objective of the study were to review rental-purchase service activities and to explore the customer perception towards rental-purchase service provided by Rent 2 Own (Myanmar) Co., Ltd., in Yangon. To meet this objective, descriptive research method was used in the study. Primary data were also collected by face-to-face interviewing with responsible persons of Rent 2 Own (Myanmar) Co., Ltd., and interviewing with customers. The secondary data were obtained from relevant textbooks, periodical report of the company, previously prepared research papers and internet websites. The randomly selected 120 respondents were asked for the customer perception with structurally prepared questionnaires. From the obtained data, it was found that Rent 2 Own (Myanmar) Co., Ltd is serving the increasing number of customers during two years from the establishment of the company and the amount of high mean value of customer perception on available service and employee service hold the main supporting of the company, the lowest mean values is the customer perception on terms and conditions. The study concludes that it should be more emphasized on terms and conditions. And it is also needed to focus to get the potential customers of other segments and to evaluate what the necessity and difficulties of customer and how the service are effectiveness and efficiency
Carbon and oxygen isotope ratios of foraminifera in drill core GIK14356-1 (KR1), Krummland, Schleswig-Holstein, Germany
No full textForaminifera picked by Kyaw Winn mainly from the 315-400 µm size fraction for Ammonia beccarii and Nonion germanicum. Bucella frigida was generally smaller (250-315 µm) and thinner. Samples with few occurrences were combined together for a measurement. Foraminifera measured with the CARBO KIEL Massenspectrometer Finnigan MAT 251, Christian-Albrechts-University, Kiel, Germany.
This project was supported by the German Research Foundation Project No. 1322/1-2
Creation of characters in Kantkaw a novel of Linkar Yi Kyaw
No full textThis research paper is about creation of characters in Kantkaw a novel of Linkar Yi Kyaw. In this research paper the way the author created the characters is studied the dialogues, the manners of the characters and their thought. In doing so, the novel creation skill of the author is revealed
Private sensors and crowdsourced rainfall data: Accuracy and potential for modelling pluvial flooding in urban areas of Oslo, Norway
No full textCloudbursts and extreme rainstorms pose a growing threat to urban areas. Accurate rainfall data is essential for predicting inundations and urban flooding. Private weather stations are becoming increasingly common, and their spatial distribution roughly follows population density. This makes them a valuable source of crowdsourced data for high-resolution rainfall fields in urban areas. We evaluated the performance of private rain gauges in two recent pluvial flood events in Oslo. We also explored the potential use of private rain gauge data in inundation models. Our results indicate that private sensors have excellent rain detection capabilities, but they tend to underestimate the reference value on average by approximately 25%. However, bias-corrected crowdsourced rainfall data can produce significantly more accurate inundation maps than those generated from official rain gauges, if compared with maps resulting from bias-corrected weather radar. Overall, our study highlights the potential of utilizing crowdsourced rainfall data from private sensors for accurately representing pluvial flooding in urban areas. These findings have significant implications for improving flood prediction and mitigation strategies in vulnerable urban settings
Frequency of Italian Record-Breaking Floods over the Last Century (1911–2020)
No full textThis study provides an in-depth analysis of the frequency of extreme streamflow in Italy, adopting the innovative perspective of the theory of records, and focusing on record-breaking floods. (i.e., annual maximum series, AMS) observed in Italy between 1911 and 2020. Our research employs an extensive dataset of 522 annual maximum series (AMS) of streamflow observed across Italy between 1911 and 2020. We consider three time intervals (1911–2020, 1911–1970, and 1971–2020), and we define pooling-groups of AMSs based on (a) hydrological (e.g., catchment size, mean annual precipitation, etc.) and (b) spatial proximities of the gauged sites. First, within each group and for each time period, we compute the regional average number of record-breaking events (NRbins). Second, with a series of resampling experiments that preserve the spatial correlation among the AMSs, we test the hypothesis that NRbins result from a group of stationary sequences. Our results show spatially coherent patterns of an increasing number of record-breaking floods in central and in northeastern Italy over the last 50 years. In the same time interval, significant deviations in the regional number of record-breaking events from what would be expected for stationary flood sequences seem to be more common in drier climates or at higher altitudes, while the catchment size does not seem to be a meaningful descriptor
Hemiphyllodactylus tonywhitteni Grismer & Wood Jr & Kyaw Thura & Zin & Quah & Murdoch & Grismer & Li & Kyaw & Lwin 2017, sp. nov.
No full textHemiphyllodactylus tonywhitteni sp. nov. Phapant dwarf gecko (Figures 5 and 6) Holotype Adult male (LSUHC 13026) collected on 18 October 2016 at 1600 hours by Evan S. H. Quah, Perry L. Wood, Jr., Matthew L. Murdoch, Thaw Zin, Myint Kyaw Thura, Htet Kyaw, Marta S. Grismer, and L. Lee Grismer from Phapant Cave, 25.2 km north-east of Taunggyi, Taunggyi District, Shan State, Myanmar (21°11.472N, 96°33.214E; 1270 m). Paratypes Adult females (LSUHC 13027 and 13030) and juvenile female (LSUHC 13028) and juvenile male (LSUHC 13029) bear the same data as the holotype. Diagnosis Hemiphyllodactylus tonywhitteni sp. nov. can be separated from all other species of Hemiphyllodactylus by possessing the unique combination of having a maximum SVL of 38.8 mm; 5–8 chin scales; enlarged postmentals; 3–5 circumnasal scales; 2–4 scales between supranasals (=postrostrals); eight or nine supralabials; eight infralabials; 13–16 longitudinally arranged dorsal scales at midbody contained within one eye diameter and 7–9 ventral scales; varied digital formulae (Table 3); three subdigital lamellae on the first finger; three or four subdigital lamellae on the first toe; 20–26 continuous pore-bearing femoroprecloacal scales; no plate-like subcaudal scales; dark postorbital stripe not extending onto trunk; pairs of paravertebral light spots on trunk; dorsal body pattern not unicolour; postsacral marking bearing light-coloured anteriorly projecting arms; and caecum and gonads unpigmented. These characters are scored across all species of Hemiphyllodactylus from clades 3 and 4 (Table 3). Description of holotype Adult male; head triangular in dorsal profile, depressed, distinct from neck; lores and interorbital regions flat; rostrum moderate in length (NarEye/HeadL 0.33); prefrontal region flat to weakly concave; canthus rostralis smoothly rounded, barely discernible; snout moderate, rounded in dorsal profile; eye large; ear opening round, small; eye to ear distance greater than diameter of eye; rostral wider than high, bordered posteriorly by small supranasals; three internasals (=postnasal); external nares bordered anteriorly by rostral, dorsally by supranasal, posteriorly by two postnasals, ventrally by first supralabial (=circumnasals); 8 (R,L) rectangular supralabials tapering to below posterior margin of orbit; 8 (R,L) rectangular infralabials tapering to below posterior margin of orbit; scales of rostrum, lores, top of head, and occiput small, granular, those of rostrum largest and slightly raised; dorsal superciliaries flat, mostly square, subimbricate, largest anteriorly; mental triangular, bordered laterally by first infralabials and posteriorly by two large postmentals; each postmental bordered laterally by a single large, sublabial; seven chin scales; gular scales small, subimbricate, grading posteriorly into slightly larger, subimbricate, throat and pectoral scales which grade into slightly larger, subimbricate ventrals. Body somewhat elongate (Trunk/SVL 0.48), dorsoventrally compressed; ventrolateral folds absent; dorsal scales small, granular, 14 dorsal scales at midbody contained within one eye diameter; ventral scales, flat, subimbricate much larger than dorsal scales, seven ventral scales contained within one eye diameter; precloacal scales slightly larger than abdominal scales; pore-bearing precloacal scales continuous with pore-bearing femoral scales, totalling 26; forelimbs short, robust in stature, covered with flat, subimbricate scales dorsally and ventrally; palmar scales flat, subimbricate; all digits except digit I well developed; digit I vestigial, clawless; distal, subdigital lamellae of digits II–V undivided, angular and U-shaped; lamellae proximal to these transversely expanded; lamellar formula of digits II–V 4-4-4-4 (R,L); three transversely expanded lamellae on digit I; claws on digits II–V well developed, unsheathed; distal portions of digits strongly curved, terminal joint free, arising from central portion of lamellar pad; hind limbs short, more robust than forelimbs, covered with flat, juxtaposed scales dorsally and by larger, flat subimbricate scales ventrally; plantar scales low, flat, subimbricate; all digits except digit I well developed; digit I vestigial, clawless; distal, subdigital lamellae of digits II–V undivided, angular and U-shaped; lamellae proximal to these transversely expanded; lamellar formula of digits II–V 4-4-4-4 (R,L); three transversely expanded lamellae on digit I; claws on digits II–V well developed, unsheathed; distal portions of digits strongly curved, terminal joint free, arising from central portion of lamellar pad; dorsal caudal scales small, square, subimbricate; tail regenerated, covered with flat imbricate scales. Morphometric data are presented in Table 5. Coloration before preservation (Figure 5) Top of head, body, limbs, and tail grey, overlain with darker, broken bands on trunk appearing as paravertebral markings highlighted posteriorly by light-coloured, diffuse blotches; poorly defined dark, lineate markings extend from occipital region to shoulder; spotting or striping on trunk absent; diffuse, dark, preorbital stripe; dark, postorbital stripe irregularly shaped, extending to shoulder region; limbs bearing irregularly shaped, dark markings; tail generally unicolour; gular region generally immaculate, except for darker lateral areas and faint stippling in scales; and pigmentation density increases posteriorly with the abdomen being generally grey. Variation (Figures 5 and 6) The colour patterns of the paratypes generally match that of the holotype. LSUHC 13027 is darker overall and the colour pattern is less distinct. The light-coloured, paravertebral blotches in LSUHC 13029 are salmon coloured. The dark dorsal pattern of LSUHC 13028 is more speckled and that of the adult female LSUHC 13030 is more reticulate. LSUHC 13030 has an original tail lacking enlarged subcaudal plates and bearing a weak, ventrolateral fringe and a distinct banding pattern. The tail is oval in cross-section and the underside is dull orange. The intensity of coloration and contrast in pattern changes with mood and activity. Differences in scales counts are presented in Table 5. Distribution Hemiphyllodactylus tonywhitteni sp. nov. is known only from the type locality of Phapant Cave, Taunggyi District, Shan State, Myanmar (Figure 1). Natural history Phapant Cave is a complex of three caves situated around a small depression along a narrow river. The karstic ridge and outcroppings surround a small monastery which incorporates the caves for worship. The hilly area connecting the caves is composed of highly eroded limestone walls bearing many cracks and pores. Large limestone boulders that have broken away from the cliff face line the base of the shallow escarpment (Figure 7). We believe Hemiphyllodactylus tonywhitteni sp. nov. is a karst-adapted species. A specimen of H. tonywhitteni sp. nov. was found just inside a small opening of one of the caves nearly 4 m above the cave entrance. More specimens were found on the boulders at the base of the cliff and one on one of the cement buildings of the monastery. Syntopic with H. tonywhitteni sp. nov. on both the karst outcroppings and the cement building was an undescribed species of Hemidactylus. Hemidactylus sp. nov. was also found on wooden structures and vegetation where H. tonywhitteni sp. nov. was absent. Etymology This specific epithet ‘ tonywhitteni ’ honours Dr Tony Whitten of Fauna & Flora International who has championed a broad range of conservation efforts in Indonesia and the Asia Pacific for well over a quarter of a century. His tireless efforts to conserve and help manage karst ecosystems have been a great inspiration to the senior author (LLG) herein. Comparisons The molecular analyses indicate that Hemiphyllodactylus tonywhitteni sp. nov. is embedded within clade 4 of the typus group and is the sister species of H. montawaensis sp. nov. It can be distinguished from H. jinpingensis, H. chiangmaiensis and the species of clade 3 by lacking dark, dorsolateral stripes on the trunk and transverse, dorsal blotches. The PCA analysis shows that it occupies a unique morphospace with respect to H. montawaensis sp. nov. and H. linnwayensis sp. nov. with PC1 and PC2 accounting for 49% of the variation in the concatenated dataset (Figure 3). PC1 accounted for 29% of the variation and loaded most heavily for trunk length and the number of subdigital lamellae on the first toe (Table 6). PC2 accounted for an additional 20% of the variation and loaded most heavily for the number of dorsal scales. The first four components of the PCA were retained for the DAPC which shows that not only are all three species distinct but all individuals of each species fall very close to or within the 95% confidence ellipses (Figure 4). Uncorrected pair-wise sequence divergence between H. tonywhitteni sp. nov. and all other species of clades 3 and 4 ranges from 6.4–18.7% (Table 7). Hemiphyllodactylus tonywhitteni sp. nov. is most similar to its sister species H. montawaensis sp. nov. but differs in having more femoroprecloacal pores (20–26 versus 19–21) and a relatively wider head (0.17–0.19 versus 0.16–0.17) throughout its growth trajectory (Figure 8) and a statistically significantly wider head (p <0.24, n = 5) as an adult.Published as part of Grismer, L. Lee, Wood Jr, Perry L., Kyaw Thura, Myint, Zin, Thaw, Quah, Evan S. H., Murdoch, Matthew L., Grismer, Marta S., Li, Aung, Kyaw, Htet & Lwin, Ngwe, 2017, Phylogenetic taxonomy of Hemiphyllodactylus Bleeker, 1860 (Squamata: Gekkonidae) with descriptions of three new species from Myanmar, pp. 881-915 in Journal of Natural History 52 (13 - 16) on pages 891-898, DOI: 10.1080/00222933.2017.1367045, http://zenodo.org/record/478004
Carbon and oxygen isotope measurements of the benthic foraminifera in Gross Weeden drill cores of LANU, Schleswig-Holstein, Germany
No full textCarbon and oxygen isotope measurements of the benthic foraminifera in Gross Weeden drill cores of LANU, Schleswig-Holstein, German
Emerg Infect Dis
No full textIn 2010, chikungunya virus of the East Central South African genotype was isolated from 4 children in Myanmyar who had dengue-like symptoms. Phylogenetic analysis of the E1 gene revealed that the isolates were closely related to isolates from China, Thailand, and Malaysia that harbor the A226V mutation in this gene
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