52 research outputs found
Parasitic copepods from Egyptian Red Sea fishes: Bomolochidae Claus, 1875
No full text© The Author(s) 2015
Open Access - This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The attached file is the published version of the article.NHM Repositor
L'influence du stoïcisme sur le De Abstinentia de Porphyre
No full textLe traité De l’abstinence est écrit par Porphyre dans le but de convaincre son ami de revenir à la pratique du végétarisme, qu‟il a récemment abandonnée. Dans ce texte, l‟auteur présente une série d‟arguments anti-végétariens, qu‟il réfutera tout en défendant la pertinence de ce mode de vie pour le philosophe. Parmi les opposants, les stoïciens occupent une place importante, le troisième livre du traité leur étant presque entièrement consacré. En réfutant les arguments anti-végétariens des stoïciens, Porphyre développe ses positions avec un vocabulaire qu‟il leur emprunte. Ce faisant, il teinte son traité de l‟influence stoïcienne. Ce mémoire a pour objectif d‟analyser de quelle manière le dialogue entre Porphyre et les stoïciens influence l‟auteur du De abstinentia. L‟argument anti-végétarien attribué aux stoïciens consiste à dire qu‟il est impossible de demander à ce que les êtres humains épargnent la vie des animaux, puisque ceux-ci ne nous sont pas familiers (oikeion), du fait de leur absence de raison. Or, puisque dans la théorie stoïcienne la justice prend sa source dans les relations de familiarité qui lie les êtres rationnels entre eux, on ne peut considérer que la mise à mort des animaux dans le but de consommer leur chair est un acte injuste, voire impie, comme le soutient Porphyre. Les trois termes de ce débat feront chacun l‟objet d‟un chapitre : oikeiôsis, justice et logos. Ces trois notions permettront d‟approfondir la teneur du désaccord de Porphyre avec les stoïciens et de comprendre de quelle manière ce néoplatonicien se réapproprie le vocabulaire stoïcien pour le pousser à des conclusions qui sont conformes à sa métaphysique. On trouvera que derrière la question du végétarisme, c‟est le thème plus complexe du mode de vie qui anime le débat.The treatise On Abstinence is written by Porphyry in order to convince his friend to return to the practice of vegetarianism, which he recently abandoned. In this text, a series of anti-vegetarian arguments are presented, which the author refutes while defending the relevance of this way of life for the philosopher. Among the opponents, the Stoics have an important place, the third book of the treaty being almost entirely devoted to them. Refuting the anti-vegetarian arguments of the Stoics, Porphyry develops his positions with a vocabulary borrowed to them. In doing so, he gives his treatise a Stoic flavour. This dissertation aims to analyze how the dialogue between Porphyry and the Stoics influences the author of the De abstinentia. The anti-vegetarian argument attributed to the Stoics says that it is impossible to ask of human to spare the life of animals, since they are not rational and, thus, not appropriate (oikeion) to us. Because, in the Stoic‟s theory, justice is rooted in the relations of appropriation between rational beings, we could not say that killing animals to eat their flesh is unjust, or impious, like Porphyry argues. One chapter will be dedicated to each of the terms of this debate: oikeiôsis, justice and reason. These three notions will allow us to further the analysis of the disagreement of Porphyry towards the Stoics and to understand how this neoplatonic philosopher uses the Stoics vocabulary to pursue his own metaphysical goals. We will find that behind the question of vegetarianism lies the more complex theme of the way of life
Reading acts of narrative appropriation: four instances of fraudulent memoir
No full textPhDThis thesis examines acts of narrative appropriation, the telling of purportedly‘authentic’ life stories by those for whom the stories are not theirs to tell. This
misuse or subversion of genre - the discipline of historical writing and the category
of autobiography - becomes a means for cultural, social and political dissimulation,
and the analysis focuses both on the act: the event, trespass, or ‘theft’ of another’s
life story, and on the cultural meaning that this event reveals. These narrative acts
are approached theoretically through discussions of what it means to be an author, a
reader, and through the consideration of literary and social genre, category and form.
In exploring identities at particular risk of appropriation, this thesis shows how
fraudulent appropriated narratives affect our reading of the world, and in turn
influence our perception of already marginalized social groups. My primary
examples include prostitution ‘narratives’, Native North American ‘memoir,’ and
fraudulent Holocaust survivor ‘testimony,’ with each text providing decoded
evidence of ‘genre-bending’ exhibiting a social and political intent. These works
seek to be read as authentic personal narratives, as autobiography, and that is how
they have been presented to the reader. However, they are imposters – fictional tales
desiring the elevated status of historical authenticity and willing to bend the rules
and contracts of genre to achieve their end. Here the appearance of authenticity is
achieved through the use of cultural and social ‘myth,’ or perceptions of cultural
identity, and as such its fraudulent construction is first and foremost a social act,
with a social and economic motivation. As this thesis concludes, these texts are
most successful when their own political and social ideologies echo and confirm that
of the readership; when their subjects, the fraudulent ‘I’ at the center of the text is
also a performative elaboration of cultural belief
Attitudes Toward Aging
No full textProgram year: 1977-1978Digitized from print original stored in HDRFour theoretical explanations for the existence of negative attitudes toward the old, (1) poor life satisfaction as measured by loss in socioeconomic status, poor health and financial insecurity, (2) nearness to death of the elderly, (3) inability to reflect American values of achievement, productivity, and independence and (4) age stratification were investigated. This study, based on an earlier study by Collette-Pratt(1976), attempted to find differences in attitudes toward aging among three generational groups--young college adults (n=810), middle-aged adults (n=51), and older adults (n=58) by administration to each group of a facts quiz (Palmore, 1977) and an attitude inventory developed by the author. In addition, because it was assumed that young adults would show the most negative feelings toward old age, an attitude manipulation was attempted by allowing some college student subjects to view a film depicting aging positively and then to retake the facts quiz and attitude inventory.
No significant differences in total score on the attitude inventory were found among groups that would indicate increasing devaluation of old age across generations. The amount of knowledge of aging, however, appeared to increase with age. The main effect of film (experimental) group vs. no film (control) group on attitude score was not significant, although the sex x group interaction was, in that males became somewhat more negative while females became more positive about old age in both groups. Few of the potential devaluing factors that had been investigated appeared relevant to attitudes about the elderly
Colour fluctuations in grapheme-colour synaesthesia: The effect of clinical and non-clinical mood changes
No full textSynaesthesia is a condition that gives rise to unusual secondary sensations (e.g., colours are perceived when listening to music). These unusual sensations tend to be reported as being stable throughout adulthood (e.g., Simner & Logie, 2007, Neurocase, 13, 358) and the consistency of these experiences over time is taken as the behavioural hallmark of genuineness. Our study looked at the influence of mood states on synaesthetic colours. In Experiment 1, we recruited grapheme‐colour synaesthetes (who experience colours from letters/digits) and elicited their synaesthetic colours, as well as their mood and depression states, in two different testing sessions. In each session, participants completed the PANAS‐X (Watson & Clark, 1999) and the BDI‐II (Beck, Steer, & Brown, 1996, Manual for Beck Depression Inventory‐II), and chose their synaesthetic colours for letters A‐Z from an interactive colour palette. We found that negative mood significantly decreased the luminance of synaesthetic colours. In Experiment 2, we showed that synaesthetic colours were also less luminant for synaesthetes with anxiety disorder, versus those without. Additional evidence suggests that colour saturation, too, may inversely correlate with depressive symptoms. These results show that fluctuations in mood within both a normal and clinical range influence synaesthetic colours over time. This has implications for our understanding about the longitudinal stability of synaesthetic experiences, and of how mood may interact with the visual (imagery) systems
Effects of EMFs from Undersea Power Cables on Elasmobranchs and Other Marine Species.
No full textAnthropogenic electromagnetic fields (EMFs) have been introduced into the marine environmentaround the world and from a wide variety of sources for well over a century. Despite this, littleis known about potential ecological impacts from EMFs. For decades, power transmissioncables have been installed across bays and river mouths, and connecting near-shore islands to themainland, with little consideration of possible effects to marine species from EMFs. At a time ofgreater environmental awareness, the US now faces the possibility of a new source of EMFs overa much greater extent of the seabed from offshore renewable energy facilities in coastal waters.This literature review synthesizes information on the types of power cables and models theexpected EMFs from representative cables. Available information on electro- and magnetosensitivityof marine organisms, including elasmobranchs (sharks and rays) and other fishspecies, marine mammals, sea turtles, and invertebrates is summarized and used in conjunctionwith the power cable modeling results to evaluate the level of confidence the existing state ofknowledge provides for impact assessment. Gaps in our knowledge of power cablecharacteristics and the biology needed to understand and predict impacts are summarized andform the basis of recommendations for future research priorities. Potential mitigationopportunities are described with a discussion of their potential secondary impacts as well assuggested methods for monitoring mitigation effectiveness. Finally, because interest in offshorerenewable energy has increased throughout US coastal waters, there is a concern that organismscould be exposed to multiple seabed power cables. Cumulative effects of this exposure are discussed
Polymorphisms in the circadian expressed genes PER3 and ARNTL2 are associated with diurnal preference and GNβ3 with sleep measures
No full textSleep and circadian rhythms are intrinsically linked, with several sleep traits, including sleep timing and duration, influenced by both sleep homeostasis and the circadian phase. Genetic variation in several circadian genes has been associated with diurnal preference (preference in timing of sleep), although there has been limited research on whether they are associated with other sleep measurements. We investigated whether these genetic variations were associated with diurnal preference (Morningness–Eveningness Questionnaire) and various sleep measures, including: the global Pittsburgh Sleep Quality index score; sleep duration; and sleep latency and sleep quality. We genotyped 10 polymorphisms in genes with circadian expression in participants from the G1219 sample (n = 966), a British longitudinal population sample of young adults. We conducted linear regressions using dominant, additive and recessive models of inheritance to test for associations between these polymorphisms and the sleep measures. We found a significant association between diurnal preference and a polymorphism in period homologue 3 (PER3) (P < 0.005, recessive model) and a novel nominally significant association between diurnal preference and a polymorphism in aryl hydrocarbon receptor nuclear translocator-like 2 (ARNTL2) (P < 0.05, additive model). We found that a polymorphism in guanine nucleotide binding protein beta 3 (GNβ3) was associated significantly with global sleep quality (P < 0.005, recessive model), and that a rare polymorphism in period homologue 2 (PER2) was associated significantly with both sleep duration and quality (P < 0.0005, recessive model). These findings suggest that genes with circadian expression may play a role in regulating both the circadian clock and sleep homeostasis, and highlight the importance of further studies aimed at dissecting the specific roles that circadian genes play in these two interrelated but unique behaviours
Decision support for build-to-order supply chain management through multiobjective optimization
No full textThis is the post-print version of the final paper published in International Journal of Production Economics. The published article is available from the link below. Changes resulting from the publishing process, such as peer review, editing, corrections, structural formatting, and other quality control mechanisms may not be reflected in this document. Changes may have been made to this work since it was submitted for publication. Copyright @ 2010 Elsevier B.V.This paper aims to identify the gaps in decision-making support based on multiobjective optimization (MOO) for build-to-order supply chain management (BTO-SCM). To this end, it reviews the literature available on modelling build-to-order supply chains (BTO-SC) with the focus on adopting MOO techniques as a decision support tool. The literature has been classified based on the nature of the decisions in different part of the supply chain, and the key decision areas across a typical BTO-SC are discussed in detail. Available software packages suitable for supporting decision making in BTO supply chains are also identified and their related solutions are outlined. The gap between the modelling and optimization techniques developed in the literature and the decision support needed in practice are highlighted. Future research directions to better exploit the decision support capabilities of MOO are proposed. These include: reformulation of the extant optimization models with a MOO perspective, development of decision supports for interfaces not involving manufacturers, development of scenarios around service-based objectives, development of efficient solution tools, considering the interests of each supply chain party as a separate objective to account for fair treatment of their requirements, and applying the existing methodologies on real-life data sets.Brunel Research Initiative and Enterprise Fund (BRIEF
Toolbox of Countermeasures to Reduce Red Light Running Final Report, April 2012
No full textRed light running (RLR) is a problem in the US that has resulted in 165,000 injuries and 907 fatalities annually. In Iowa, RLR-related crashes make up 24.5 percent of all crashes and account for 31.7 percent of fatal and major injury crashes at signalized intersections.
RLR crashes are a safety concern due to the increased likelihood of injury compared to other types of crashes.
The research team developed this toolbox for practitioners to address RLR crashes. The Four Es—Engineering, Enforcement, Education, and Emergency Response—should be used together to address RLR problems.
However, this toolbox focuses on engineering, enforcement, and education solutions. The toolbox has two major parts:
Guidelines to identify problem intersections and the causes of RLR at intersections
Roadway-based and enforcement countermeasures for RL
Decision support for build-to-order supply chain management through multiobjective optimization
No full textThis paper aims to identify the gaps in decision-making support based on
multiobjective optimization for build-to-order supply chain management (BTOSCM).
To this end, it reviews the literature available on modelling build-to-order
supply chains (BTO-SC) with the focus on adopting multiobjective optimization
(MOO) techniques as a decision support tool. The literature has been classified based
on the nature of the decisions in different part of the supply chain, and the key
decision areas across a typical BTO-SC are discussed in detail. Available software
packages suitable for supporting decision making in BTO supply chains are also
identified and their related solutions are outlined. The gap between the modelling and
optimization techniques developed in the literature and the decision support needed in
practice are highlighted and future research directions to better exploit the decision
support capabilities of MOO are proposed
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