1,720,967 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Antipsychotics - a key line treatment for various psychotic symptoms
Get PDF‘Psychosis’ is the state of mental disorder characterized by loss of contact with reality followed by delusions, hallucinations, disorganised thoughts etc. which mainly occurs because of the imbalance of neurotransmitters like dopamine, serotonin or glutamate. About 5-8% of people suffer from mental disorders in the whole world. In the earlier time it was difficult to treat such psychotic patients. So, when antipsychotics came in the market the treatment of such serious mental conditions became possible. Mainly two categories of antipsychotics are prescribed, out of which second generation are commonly prescribed because of their less adverse effects
Bioconversion of Different Carbohydrate Substrates to Ethanol and Acetic Acid
No full textBioconversion of different carbohydrate substrates to ethanol and acetic acid was studied in glucose, fructose, jaggery, grape juice, kinnow pulp juice, sugarcane juice and apple juice by inoculating Saccharomyces cerevisiae G. Maximum ethanol production of 8.72% was observed with sugarcane juice followed by grape juice which was found to be 7.92%. After wine production, sugarcane wine and grape wine were further used for production of vinegar using Acetobacter aceti NRRL 746 with titrable acidity of 4.1 and 4.5, respectively after 25 days of incubation. Treated and untreated mixed agricultural waste was also used as substrate for the production of ethanol using cellulose degrading bacterial strain N11 and S. cerevisiae G via simultaneous saccharification and fermentation. Ethanol production was observed over a period of 7 days and the maximum ethanol production (0.3%) was observed in case of acid pretreatment followed by alkali pretreated mixed agricultural waste which was found to be 0.1%. Acid pretreated agricultural waste biomass was found to be promising substrate for ethanol production
Effects of dietary fat saturation on lipoprotein metabolism in rodents and humans
Get PDFConsumption of trans-fatty acids (tFA) and saturated fatty acids (SFA) have been associated with higher incidence of coronary heart disease. Experimental and observational data suggests that consumption of PHVO containing tFA, like SFA leads to increased total cholesterol and LDL-cholesterol (LDL-C) but compared to tFA, SFA raises HDL-cholesterol (HDL-C). An attempt to eliminate PHVO from the food supply has resulted in the need to find alternatives which despite their higher dietary fat saturation as compared to naturally occurring vegetable oils, may be preferable to PHVO. However, amongst SFA, the effects on plasma lipoproteins are variable. Thus, we hypothesized that specific combinations of dietary SFA will not contribute to an adverse lipid profile.
We used gerbils and hamsters as our study models to determine the effects of Lauric and Myristic Acid (Hi-LM), Oleic Acid (Hi-OL), Palmitic Acid (Hi-PO), Linoleic Acid (Hi-LO Low-LN), Stearic acid and Linoleic Acid (Hi-SLO) supplemented diets on plasma and liver lipids and lipoproteins. The results revealed that compared to the Hi-LM diet, all diets had lower TC, LDL-C and HDL-C. Liver lipids were similar for all the diet groups. Also, we analyzed the gene expression for the reverse Cholesterol transport genes. No significant differences in ABCA1, ApoA1, CETP or SR-B1 were observed between the diet groups compared with Hi-LM diet. The data suggested no additional adverse effects on CHD risk factors compared with Hi-LM diet.
Carbohydrates are generally considered a safe replacement for SFA. We used a hamster model to evaluate the extent to which the amount and type of SFA affect lipoproteins. Diets were formulated such that percentage of calories from protein, MUFA and PUFA were kept constant while calories from Lauric and Myristic (60%LM, 45%LM, 30% LM) or Palmitic Acid (45%PA, 30% PA) were replaced with calories from carbohydrate and compared to 21% CON diet. Plasma TC and n-HDL-C was lower in all diet groups compared with 60%LM and 45% LM supplemented groups. Liver lipids were similar in all diet groups. Analysis of Reverse Cholesterol Transport genes revealed no significant differences in expression between the diet groups compared with 21% CON. Data suggests no adverse effect of PA at any level of consumption and no net effect of replacing CHO for at any level of SFA.
The postprandial state is a reflection of the metabolic state in humans due to regular diet intake. We used an oral challenge to test oils with various fatty acid compositions (Hi-PO, Hi-LO and Hi-OL) to evaluate postprandial changes in lipids at 0, 2, 4 and 8 hours. No significant differences were seen in TC, HDL-C, TC:HDL-C and TG between the test oils. We analyzed the chylomicron fractions following the oral fat challenge and data revealed no significant differences in the chylomicron fractions between the test oils. Additionally, we measured CETP activity in plasma following the challenge and no significant differences were observed. The data suggests in agreement with the hypothesis, oil formulations with specific SFA will not cause any adverse effects in lipids and lipoproteins
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
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