1,720,970 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
Nonlinear computational speech modeling exploiting aerodynamics in the vocal tract
No full textConventional computational speech models usually avoid detailed aerodynamic modeling and determine sound sources in the vocal tract in a phenomenological manner. In this dissertation, a model is developed that allows the computational simulation of important aerodynamic properties that could affect the produced sound. The model exploits recent theoretical and experimental results concerning the flow field in the vocal tract and combines conclusions related to aerodynamics and aeroacoustics of the glottis and the supralaryngeal parts. The aerodynamic-aeroacoustic model is combined with an improved vocal tract acoustics simulation module to achieve articulatory synthesis. To control the articulatory synthesizer, an inversion system was developed that can identify the hidden vocal tract properties given an observed speech signal. The speech inversion system treats speech as essentially an audiovisual process and approximates the complex mapping between the observed information and the vocal tract by means of a switching model. Each submodel is trained via maximum likelihood and canonical correlation analysis. Switching between the submodels is determined by a discrete Markov process. Various alternative audiovisual fusion schemes were investigated that allow interaction between acoustic and optical information at various levels of synchronization. The goal is to recover the underlying vocal tract geometry. Experimental results demonstrate that exploitation of multimodal information by the proposed model clearly benefits inversion results, compared to approaches that exclusively use the one or the other modality. Based on the proposed computational speech model and various articulatory data, mimicing the human speech system becomes possible. More specifically, the articulatory state sequence is modeled as a Markov process and its properties are identified via audiovisual speech inversion. At each articulatory state, given the corresponding description of the vocal tract, we can resynthesize speech via articulatory synthesis. Vocal tract geometry is described by an articulatory model that is trained on X-ray vocal tract data and is properly fitted to the visible part of the tongue in ultrasound data of the mouth cavity. The proposed framework allows broader application and evaluation of the speech acoustics and aerodynamics simulation system and the speech inversion process.Πολλά συμβατικά υπολογιστικά μοντέλα φωνής συνήθως παρακάμπτουν την αεροδυναμική μοντελοποίηση ακολουθώντας φαινομενολογική προσέγγιση για τον προσδιορισμό των ακουστικών πηγών στη φωνητική οδό. Αξιοποιώντας την επικρατούσα θεώρηση για το πεδίο ροής στο φωνητικό σωλήνα και συνδυάζοντας συμπεράσματα που προκύπτουν από τη μελέτη της αεροδυναμικής τόσο στη γλωττίδα όσο και στο υπερλαρύγγειο τμήμα, στα πλαίσια της διδακτορικής διατριβής αναπτύχθηκε ένα μοντέλο που επιτρέπει την υπολογιστική προσομοίωση σημαντικών αεροδυναμικών χαρακτηριστικών που επιδρούν στον παραγόμενο ήχο. Το αεροδυναμικό μοντέλο συνδυάστηκε με ένα βελτιωμένο σύστημα προσομοίωσης του ακουστικού πεδίου μέσα στη φωνητική οδό για σύνθεση φωνής με τη χρήση αρθρωτών. Ο συνδυασμός επιτεύχθηκε μέσω κατάλληλης αεροακουστικής μοντελοποίησης στη γλωττίδα και σε ενδεχόμενες στενώσεις της φωνητικής οδού. Για τον έλεγχο του συνθέτη φωνής, αναπτύχθηκε σύστημα ταυτοποίησης του ανθρώπινου φωνητικού συστήματος με βάση ένα παρατηρούμενο σήμα φωνής. Το εν λόγω πρόβλημα συχνά αναφέρεται ως αντιστροφή φωνής. Αναπτύχθηκε ένα σύστημα αντιστροφής φωνής το οποίο βασίζεται σε οπτικοακουστική θεώρηση της φωνής. Η σύνθετη σχέση μεταξύ της οπτικοακουστικής πληροφορίας και των χαρακτηριστικών της φωνητικής οδού προσεγγίζεται μέσω ενός διακοπτόμενου γραμμικού δυναμικού μοντέλου. Κάθε επιμέρους τμηματικό μοντέλο υπολογίζεται αποδοτικά μέσω στατιστικών τεχνικών όπως είναι η μεγιστοποίηση της πιθανοφάνειας και η ανάλυση κανονικής συσχέτισης. Η εναλλαγή μεταξύ των επιμέρους μοντέλων καθορίζεται από μια διακριτή διαδικασία Markov. Μελετήθηκαν εναλλακτικά συνδυαστικά σχήματα που επιτρέπουν αλληλεπίδραση μεταξύ της ακουστικής και της οπτικής ροής πληροφορίας σε διάφορα επίπεδα συγχρονισμού. Χρησιμοποιώντας τα οπτικά σε συνδυασμό με τα ακουστικά χαρακτηριστικά επιτυγχάνεται η αποδοτική εκτίμηση των τροχιών που ακολουθούνται από διάφορα σημεία ενδιαφέροντος του συστήματος παραγωγής φωνής. Τα πειραματικά αποτελέσματα δείχνουν ότι με την αξιοποίηση της πολυτροπικής πληροφορίας στο προτεινόμενο σύστημα βελτιώνεται η αποτελεσματικότητα της αντιστροφής της φωνής σε σχέση με αντίστοιχα συστήματα που χρησιμοποιούν αποκλειστικά τη μία ή την άλλη πηγή πληροφορίας. Με βάση το προτεινόμενο υπολογιστικό μοντέλο φωνής και πληθώρα δεδομένων άρθρωσης γίνεται δυνατή η μίμηση του ανθρώπινου φωνητικού συστήματος. Συγκεκριμένα, η ακολουθία καταστάσεων άρθρωσης μοντελοποιείται ως διαδικασία Markov και τα χαρακτηριστικά της ταυτοποιούνται μέσω οπτικοακουστικής αντιστροφής της φωνής. Σε κάθε κατάσταση άρθρωσης, με δεδομένη την αντίστοιχη περιγραφή της γεωμετρίας της φωνητικής οδού είναι δυνατή η σύνθεση φωνής με τη συνδυασμένη εφαρμογή των μοντέλων αεροδυναμικής και ακουστικής. Η γεωμετρία της φωνητικής οδού περιγράφεται μέσω παραμετρικού μοντέλου άρθρωσης που εκπαιδεύεται με την αξιοποίηση δεδομένων άρθρωσης από εικόνες ακτίνων-Χ και προσαρμόζεται κατάλληλα στο ορατό τμήμα της γλώσσας σε εικόνες υπερήχων της στοματικής κοιλότητας. Το προτεινόμενο πλαίσιο επιτρέπει την ευρύτερη εφαρμογή και αξιολόγηση του συστήματος αεροδυναμικής και ακουστικής προσομοίωσης αλλά και της διαδικασίας αντιστροφής φωνής
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
Author Under Sail The Imagination of Jack London, 1893-1902
No full textIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Intro -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Dedication -- Contents -- Acknowledgments -- Introduction -- 1. Spirit Truth -- 2. From Absorption to Theatricality and Back Again -- 3. "I Will Build a New Present" -- 4. Sons as Authors -- 5. Fathers as Publishers -- 6. The Daughter as Author -- 7. Lovers as Authors -- 8. At Sea with the Family -- 9. Yellow News, Yellow Stories -- 10. The Return Home -- Notes -- Bibliography -- Index -- About Jay WilliamsIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Description based on publisher supplied metadata and other sources.Electronic reproduction. Ann Arbor, Michigan : ProQuest Ebook Central, YYYY. Available via World Wide Web. Access may be limited to ProQuest Ebook Central affiliated libraries
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