1,721,016 research outputs found
Remittances, household development and poverty: A district-level analysis of Punjab, Pakistan / Kashif Imran
Get PDFMigrant remittances can play a critical role in the development (human development and poverty eradication) of households (HHs) in the country of origin. There is however still a lack of understanding on the developmental outcomes of remittance inflows given the limited number of micro-level analysis at the sub-national levels for migrant sending countries in South Asia. The Punjab province in Pakistan provides an excellent laboratory for a detailed case study on the sub-national developmental impacts of migrant remittances for the following reasons: First, it is the largest province of Pakistan, which houses 36 districts. Second, it is the largest recipient of remittance inflows to Pakistan, reflecting the nature of migrant-based HHs. The objectives of the study are threefold: First, to construct a new household-based human development index (HHDI), comprising sub-indices of education, health and housing. Second, to empirically examine the interactions between remittances and HHDI. Third, to empirically assess the impact of remittances on the incidence and severity of poverty. The remittance-HHDI and remittance-poverty nexuses are compared across districts, and at the intra-district urban-rural context. The study employs high quality household survey data based on the latest Multiple Indicators Cluster Survey (MICS, 2014-15) for Punjab. A sample of 36,400 HHs were chosen for the study. The key findings of the study are summarized herein. The HHDI reveals that not all districts in Punjab can be categorized as ‘low development’ as alluded to by the national human development index (HDI). Instead, medium levels of human development are noted for districts with high and low remittance inflows. The results also support the importance of decomposing the HHDI into its sub-indices. In examining differences in human development between migrant HHs and non-migrant HHs, the results indicate that the core sub-index that should not go unnoticed is the housing environment (considered as material wealth or assets and standard of living). Non-migrant HHs seem to be worse off or deprived in terms of their housing environment (facilities and conditions) relative to remittance receiving HHs. Further, the empirical results on the remittance-HHDI nexus suggest that migrant HHs are relatively better-off than non-migrant HHs across most of the districts in Punjab, after controlling for HH characteristics and features specific to the HH head. Disaggregated estimations of HH development again indicate that remittances matter for development in terms of housing for most of the districts in Pakistan. Additionally, the remittance-poverty analysis implies that the probability of being poor among migrant HHs is significantly lower than the non-migrant HHs in all districts of Punjab. The implications that follow from the findings are: First, the study supports the feasibility of quantifying human development at the sub-national HH-level, as the newly constructed HHDI confirms the varying levels of human development across the districts of Punjab. Second, the study suggests that migrant remittances are most likely to increase inequalities in the development of housing and poverty disparities between migrant- and non-migrant HHs in all districts of Punjab. The government therefore needs to balance its focus on education and health with housing, when providing developmental assistance to the HHs in Punjab. The target group of HHs to be given priority should be those located in districts with the highest incidence of poverty and lowest HHDI, namely HHs in South Punjab
Do migrant remittances reduce poverty? Micro-level evidence from Punjab, Pakistan
No full textThis paper provides a poverty profile of households and then investigates
the effects of international remittances on poverty incidence and severity in Punjab,
Pakistan. Using cross-section data from the latest Multiple Indicator Cluster Survey
for Punjab, the disaggregated analysis on the remittance-poverty nexus is examined
by districts and urban-rural locales. From the poverty profile for migrant households
with remittances and the counterfactual scenario of no remittances, the differences in
the poverty reduction effect seem larger for poverty headcount than on the depth of
poverty. The same trend holds for the urban-rural locales. This implies that remittances
inflow were not really helpful for the poorest of the poor. The regression analysis
further reveals that migrant remittances have significantly reduced the level and depth
of poverty for households in all districts of Punjab, with the highest probability of being
non-poor for rural households in the districts of South Punjab
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
- …
