1,721,561 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
Comfortable car interiors: Experiments as a basis for car interior design contributing to the pleasure of the driver and passengers
No full textOne of the main challenges for car manufacturers is complying with the stringent environmental regulations without compromising driving comfort and pleasure. Reducing the overall weight of a car reduces fuel consumption and increases acceleration. However weight reduction seems in contradiction with another important aspect of car-sales; comfort. In this PhD thesis five experiments are presented proving that weight reduction and comfort improvement can go hand in hand. In these studies specific details for car interior design are described and a conceptual model is created to generalize the outcomes. First the concepts comfort, pleasure and well-being are discussed and a model is created to describe, develop and understand products contributing to the well-being of humans. This model is illustrated in two studies focusing on improving the driving experience of the driver while reducing the overall weight of the car. In the first study a rather comfortable seat based on the human surface anatomy is developed with a new patented technique using 3d scanning of the human contour. A seat form following this contour is developed and compared to a traditional seat. Occupants liked the “contour seat”, which was almost half the weight of a normal seat. In the second study an additional experiment was performed. To improve the driving experience, a seat should elicit the same feeling as the car exterior communicates e.g. a seat in a sports car should feel sporty. This study describes the contours of three different car seats objectively and records the corresponding emotional and tactile experiences of people sitting in them. The results show that hard seats with rather high wings in the seat are rated sporty and seats that are softer are rated more luxurious. Three other studies focus on the passenger. The goal of these studies was to make the rear seat more pleasurable without adversely affecting the weight of the car. What people want to do and how they sit during travel and leisure situations was investigated in the first study. Low and medium level activities like watching, talking/discussing and reading were observed the most. The analysis suggests a significant relationship between the activity and the position of the head, trunk and arms during transportation situations. When designing rear seats facilitating low level activities like sleeping and relaxing, adequate support for head and arms is important. For medium level activities the back seats should offer freedom of movement. The next study describes the development of a new lightweight way of entertaining the passenger in the rear seat. To create a new environment experience the road ahead was projected onto the back of the front seat. A test with a simple prototype showed that driving with road projection was rated more pleasant and the interior was experienced as less confined. However the feeling of safety decreased. In future research an improved, more automotive specific prototype should be tested on various road-conditions, but the results of this first user test are promising. Another innovation which was intended to improve the passengers’ driving experience, was an extension of the current massage system. With this new system the passenger can control a game with his upper body by pressing the shoulder in the back seat. The effects of these movements were compared to normal car activities and a difference in muscle activity and variability were found. It is comparable to moderate intensive activity based on a preliminary heart rate study. The discomfort ratings of all activities are low but subjects felt more challenged during the ride and fitter and more refreshed afterwards only when using the active seating system. Although improvements for the current prototype were discovered during this study the results show that active seating has much potential for improving comfort. Connecting the studies to the conceptual models at the beginning of the thesis leads to the conclusion that, opposed to the more general character of discomfort, comfort is very personal. Hard seats and bad smells are experienced as uncomfortable by most drivers and passengers. However it depends strongly on the personal goals, values, wishes (concerns) etc. of users whether road projection or active seating makes a car comfortable or pleasurable. So, generalisation of this statement is more difficult. Therefore the advice for product design in general and car manufacturers in particular is to look at the human concerns of the target group and try to develop hedonic product attributes to create personal products or systems that can be turned on and off. Another conclusion is that limitations in a design process, such as stringent environmental regulations in the car industry, can also be seen as great triggers for innovation. It is not only challenging for designers, but higher management is often very committed to innovations based on external forces like regulations or better competitive products. This thesis has given examples of design-ideas that can improve the comfort and pleasure experience for drivers and passengers while reducing the weight of the car and therefore contribute to environmental friendlier cars with comfortable car interiors.Industrial DesignIndustrial Design Engineerin
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
Author Under Sail The Imagination of Jack London, 1893-1902
No full textIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Intro -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Dedication -- Contents -- Acknowledgments -- Introduction -- 1. Spirit Truth -- 2. From Absorption to Theatricality and Back Again -- 3. "I Will Build a New Present" -- 4. Sons as Authors -- 5. Fathers as Publishers -- 6. The Daughter as Author -- 7. Lovers as Authors -- 8. At Sea with the Family -- 9. Yellow News, Yellow Stories -- 10. The Return Home -- Notes -- Bibliography -- Index -- About Jay WilliamsIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Description based on publisher supplied metadata and other sources.Electronic reproduction. Ann Arbor, Michigan : ProQuest Ebook Central, YYYY. Available via World Wide Web. Access may be limited to ProQuest Ebook Central affiliated libraries
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