1,720,956 research outputs found
Capturing value from wildlife tourism: growth corridor policy and global production networks in Zambezi, Namibia
Full text linkTo overcome economic injustices and spatial disparities inherited from the apartheid era, the Namibian government pursues regional development in the Zambezi region. Two popular policies are applied that build on the commodification of nature via wildlife tourism: growth corridor policy is envisioned to enable the coupling into global production networks (GPN) via increased connectivity and targeted investments into tourism. Similarly, community-based natural resource management (CBNRM) schemes are designed to attract foreign investments in the safari and hunting tourism sector to benefit rural communities. Despite the hopes that are set on international tourism, GPN theory indicates three threats connected with global market integration: first, emerging social inequalities and disarticulations in the host region, second, the appropriation of value by central nodes of the GPN and therefore limited value capture at the production stage and third, the alteration of human-environment relations at the production stage. Notwithstanding this, a conceptualisation of nature’s integration into GPNs is still pending. Therefore, the aim of this dissertation is to scrutinise the commodification of nature through wildlife tourism and growth corridor policy effect on regional development. To this end, value capture among the actors and localities of the tourism GPN was examined, the role of infrastructure for nature-based GPNs assessed and the mechanisms that lead to the integration of nature into GPNs revealed. A single case study approach was applied that comprehensively studied the effects of tourism development policies connected with the Walvis Bay-Ndola-Lubumbashi Development Corridor (WBNLDC) in the Zambezi region. A mixed-methods approach combined qualitative interviews, archival research and the review of existing scholarly and grey literature with a business survey, a traffic census and the analysis of quantitative data, inter alia a household survey. Findings reveal that infrastructure development and the expansion of nature conservation territories led to increased value creation from tourism in the region, but traffic census data indicates that extra-regional actors are able to capitalise on these opportunities. Nevertheless, conservancies as local institutions are able to capture roughly 20 % of the value, while tourism accrues to only 5.5 % of the income of rural households. Lastly, the institutional configuration on the local and national scale is crucial for determining how wildlife is economically utilised and who benefits from it. These findings highlight the role of local institutional actors in value capture, confirm the necessity to study the territoriality of GPNs and the role of infrastructure therein and call for a closer look at social-ecological relations at the production stage, since they are decisive for regional development
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Friendshoring in global production networks: State-orchestrated coupling amid geopolitical uncertainty
No full textIn an era of multiple crises and geopolitical uncertainty, the need to deal with heightened risk drives states to locate strategic global production networks (GPNs) in geopolitically aligned states, a trend known as friendshoring. In this paper, we contribute to the literature on the role of geopolitics in GPNs by exploring why and how states engage in friendshoring. To this end, we distill from the literature three geopolitical imperatives that, in addition to more conventional GPN imperatives, drive strategic coupling dynamics: reducing risk exposure, (de-)weaponizing supply chains, and maintaining extraterritorial influence. States and state-linked institutions respond to these imperatives by actively 'pushing out' new inter- and extra-firm relations in GPNs which often includes previously neglected regions in the global periphery - even when regional assets require substantial transformation. To achieve this, states orchestrate efforts at extraterritorial de-risking, outward-oriented network brokering, and extraterritorial institution-building to actively alter the coupling conditions. By applying our framework to qualitative research on the Chinese soybean GPN in Tanzania and German-led green hydrogen investments in Namibia, we demonstrate how GPN friendshoring relies on both coercion or incentivization orchestrated by the state
New development paths through green hydrogen?: An ex-ante assessment of structure and agency in Chile and Namibia
No full textDispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
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