1,720,953 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
Author Under Sail The Imagination of Jack London, 1893-1902
No full textIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Intro -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Dedication -- Contents -- Acknowledgments -- Introduction -- 1. Spirit Truth -- 2. From Absorption to Theatricality and Back Again -- 3. "I Will Build a New Present" -- 4. Sons as Authors -- 5. Fathers as Publishers -- 6. The Daughter as Author -- 7. Lovers as Authors -- 8. At Sea with the Family -- 9. Yellow News, Yellow Stories -- 10. The Return Home -- Notes -- Bibliography -- Index -- About Jay WilliamsIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Description based on publisher supplied metadata and other sources.Electronic reproduction. Ann Arbor, Michigan : ProQuest Ebook Central, YYYY. Available via World Wide Web. Access may be limited to ProQuest Ebook Central affiliated libraries
Fonksiyonelleştirilmiş selüloz esaslı yenilikçi bir adsorbentin farmasötik adsorpsiyon performansının incelenmesi
No full textİlaçlardan oluşan giderek artan sayıda organik kirletici, çevre ve toplum için endişe verici bir tehdit haline gelmiştir. İlaçlar genellikle çok küçük konsantrasyonlarda bulunur ve atık su arıtma tesislerinden geçerek çevreye yayılabilirler. Bu çalışmada, selüloz bazlı yenilikçi bir adsorban ile sudan adsorpsiyon yolu ile giderimini araştırmak için üç yaygın ilaç türü seçilmiştir. Farmasötik içeren çeşitli ilaçlar, kişisel bakım ürünleri veya endüstri bileşikleri atık su sistemlerine atılmaktadır. Organik mikrokirleticilerin sulardan uzaklaştırılması için çeşitli teknolojiler ve yöntemler tasarlanmış ve uygulanmıştır. Farmasötik kirleticilerin atık sulardan uzaklaştırılması için gelişmiş yöntemler ve mekanizmalar uygulanmaktadır. Bu teknolojiler arasında olumlu etkisi olan, aynı zamanda maliyeti uygun adsorpsiyon yöntemi de bulunmaktadır. Bu çalışmada, ticari selülozdan selüloz bazlı bir adsorban sentezlenerek, çözelti içinde organik mikrokirleticilerle reaksiyona girme yeteneğini artıran adsorban yüzeyi olarak fonksiyonel gruplar ve hidroksil grupları oluşturmak üzere etkinleştirilmiştir. Adsorbanın adsorpsiyon kapasitesinin değerlendirilmesi için sentezlenen iki adsorban seçilmiştir. Sentezlenen adsorbanlar CAc-PPUF ve CMC-HMPUF, adsorpsiyon kapasitelerini belirlemek için toplu adsorpsiyon deneyleri sırasında test edilmiştir. Her iki adsorban da farmasötiklerin sudan adsorpsiyonu için afiniteye sahiptir ancak CAc-PPUF, üç hedef bileşiğin tümü ile daha yüksek bir adsorpsiyon kapasitesi göstermiştir. CAc-PPUF bileşiğinin yapısı ve özellikleri, Fourier Dönüşümü Kızılötesi Analizi (FTIR), Taramalı Elektron Mikroskobu (SEM), BET yüzey alanı (BET), XRD analizi ve Zeta Potansiyeli kullanılarak analiz edilmiştir. İncelenmekte olan yapı FTIR analizi ile doğrulanmıştır. SEM ve BET analizinden elde edilen veriler sırasıyla 4-9 nm gözenek yarıçapına sahip yüksek gözenekli bir yapı göstermiştir. Hücresel yapıdaki adsorbanın kristal kafesini gösteren XRD verilerine ek olarak, zeta potansiyeli ölçümleri, CAc PPUF'un sucul ortamda, çeşitli pH değerlerinde, negatif yüzey potansiyeline sahip olduğunu göstermiştir. İzotermleri incelemek ve değerlendirmek ve en uygun izoterm modelini elde etmek için Langmuir, Freundlich, Sips ve Dubinin-Astakhov izoterm modelleri kullanılmıştır. Tüm izotermlerin deney sonuçlarını tahmin etme potansiyellerinin oldukça benzer olduğu görülmüştür. Diklofenak ve karbamazepin için elde edilen denge sorpsiyon verileri, doğrusal olmayan regresyon yöntemi kullanılarak iki parametre izotermleri (Langmuir ve Freundich) ve üç parametre izotermleri (Sips ve Dubinin-Astakhov) ile test edilmiştir. Kirletici maddelerin konsantrasyonunun artmasıyla birlikte CAc-PPUF'un denge adsorpsiyon kapasitesindeki yüksek artışın, adsorpsiyon kapasitelerini etkilediği görülmüştür. Ancak daha sonra çözeltilerdeki denge konsantrasyonlarına göre adsorpsiyon kapasitelerindeki artış yavaşlamaktadır. Test edilen tüm modeller, 0,889'dan büyük R2 değerlerine ve 0,12'den küçük NRMSE değerlerine sahiptir. Ancak Sips modeli ile daha iyi bir uyum elde edildiği görülmüştür. Adsorpsiyon kinetiği, sabit farmasötük başlangıç konsantrasyonunda, zamana göre CAc-PPUF'un giderilme hızını incelemek amacıyla değerlendirilmiştir. Diklofenak ve ibuprofenin CAc-PPUF üzerindeki adsorpsiyon kinetiğini karakterize etmek için PSO ve Elovich adsorpsiyon mekanizmaları kullanılmıştır. CMC-PPUF ve CAc-PPUF adsorpsiyonları, FTIR ölçümleri ile de desteklendiği gibi nispeten karşılaştırılabilir sonuçlar vermiştir. Dolayısıyla her iki adsorbanın aynı kinetiğe sahip olduğu tahmin edilmektedir. CAc-PPUF tarafından farmasötik adsorpsiyonun hızlı kinetiği, başlangıç zamanında yeterli verinin toplanmasını engellemektedir. PSO kinetik denklemi sonuçları daha yüksek tahmin verimliliğine sahiptir ve PSO modeli temel fonksiyonu ile elde edilen tahmin sonuçları deneysel veriler ile oldukça tutarlıdır. CAc-PPUF'un rejenerasyonu ve yeniden kullanımı, karbamazepin, ibuprofen ve diklofenakın metanol, etanol ve su ile 4:1:1 oranında desorbe edilmesiyle gerçekleştirilmiştir. Rejenerasyon ve yeniden kullanım döngülerinden sonra karbamazepin, ibuprofen ve diklofenakın giderilme oranları sırasıyla %86-71, %73-66 ve %64-57’dir. Elde edilen veriler, adsorban malzemenin beş rejenerasyon döngüsünden sonra bile adsorpsiyon kapasitesini koruduğunu göstermiştir. CAc-PPUF, mükemmel yeniden kullanılabilirlik ve farmasötiklerin etkili bir şekilde uzaklaştırılması özelliklerine sahiptir.An increasing number of organic pollutants comprising of pharmaceuticals have become an alarming threat to the environment and the community. Pharmaceuticals are usually in very small concentrations and can go through wastewater treatments plants through disposal to the environment. In this study, three common pharmaceuticals were selected to investigate the adsorption from water with a cellulose based adsorbent. Various medications, personal care products or industry compounds contain pharmaceuticals thereby are disposed of to the wastewater systems. Various technologies and methods have been designed and applied for the removal of organic micropollutants from water. Advanced methods and mechanisms have been applied for removal of pharmaceuticals pollutants from wastewater. Among these technologies, is adsorption method which have a positive impact at the same time cost effective. In this study, a cellulose based adsorbent was synthesized from commercial cellulose and activated to create functional groups and hydroxyl groups as the adsorbent surface that enhanced the ability to react in solution with the organic micropollutants. Two synthesized adsorbents were selected for the evaluation of adsorption capacity of the adsorbent. Synthesized adsorbents CAc-PPUF and CMC- HMPUF were tested during batch adsorption experiments to determine their adsorption capabilities. Both adsorbents had the affinity for the adsorption of pharmaceuticals from water, however, CAc-PPUF showed a higher adsorption capability with all the three target compounds. CAc-PPUF compound structure and characteristics were analyzed using Fourier Transform Infrared Analysis (FTIR), Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), BET surface area (BET), XRD analysis and Zeta Potential. The structure being studied was confirmed by FTIR analysis. Data from SEM and BET analysis showed a high porous structure with pore radius of 4-9 nm respectively. The zeta potential indicated a negative potential of CAc-PPUF and additional to the XRD data that show the crystal lattice of the cellular based adsorbent. Different isotherm models of Langmuir, Freundlich, Sips and Dubinin-Astakhov were used to study and evaluate the isotherms and get the best fit isotherm model. The results of the analysis of all the isotherms showed that the predictions were very comparable. Equilibrium sorption data obtained for diclofenac, and carbamazepine were tested for two parameter isotherms (Langmuir &Freundich) and three-parameter isotherms (Sips and Dubinin-Astakhov) using non-linear regression method. A high increase in the equilibrium sorption capacity of the CAc-PPUF with increasing concentration of the pollutants was found to impact the adsorption capacities. However, later, increase in adsorption capacities with respect to equilibrium concentrations in solutions slows down. All models tested fit with R2 values greater than 0.889 and NRMSE values less than 0.12. However, a slightly better fitting was achieved by Sips model. Adsorption kinetics were evaluated to demonstrate the rate of the removal of CAc-PPUF with respect to time at constant initial pharmaceuticals concentration. Adsorption mechanisms, PSO and Elovich were employed to characterize the adsorption kinetics of diclofenac and ibuprofen on CAc-PPUF. CMC-PPUF and CAc-PPUF adsorptions are relatively comparable as indicted by FTIR, hence predicted to have identical kinetics. Rapid kinetics of pharmaceutical adsorption by CAc-PPUF hinder the collection of adequate data initially. PSO kinetics equation results were in greater prediction efficiency and the data collected was consistent with the experimental data with a PSO model base function. Regeneration and reuse of CAc-PPUF was carried out by desorbing carbamazepine, ibuprofen and diclofenac with methanol, ethanol, and water in the ratio of 4:1:1. After regeneration and reuse cycles, the removal rates of carbamazepine, ibuprofen and diclofenac were 86-71%, 73-66% and 64-57% respectively. The data collected showed that the adsorbent material retained its adsorption capacity even after five regeneration cycles. CAc-PPUF exhibits excellent reusability performance and effective removal of pharmaceuticals
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