1,721,133 research outputs found
Effecten van ouders en school op cultuurparticipatie in de periode van adolescentie tot jongvolwassenheid: Resultaten van een longitudinaal dubbel contextueel model
Full text linkWe analyseren de relatieve invloed van de ouderlijk milieu en de school voor voortgezet
onderwijs op cultuurparticipatie van jongvolwassenen (25-35 jaar oud) via
de gelijkenis van het gedrag van primaire respondenten met dat van hun voormalige
schoolgenoten en met het gedrag van een sibling (broer/zus). De cultuurdeelname
heeft betrekking op het moment van ondervraging en – retrospectief – op
het moment dat de betreffende personen 15 jaar oud waren en nog op school zaten
en thuis woonden. Tezamen vormt dit design een dubbel-contextueel model,
waarbij de contexten niet hiërarchisch, maar kruislings geordend zijn. We analyseren
de dubbel-contextuele longitudinale structuur middels een cross-classified
multi-level model, waarvoor recent in MLWin MCMC (markov chain monte carlo)
schattingsmethoden ter beschikking zijn gekomen. De belangrijkste uitkomst
is dat de invloed van het milieu van herkomst verre die van de school overtreft; dit
blijkt sterker uit het dubbel-contextuele model dan we op basis van gemeten kenmerken
zouden besluiten
Een sociologische studie van de huwelijksviering tussen 1946 en 1994
No full textUsing a nationally representative survey of married couples in the Netherlands in 1994, I analyze three dimensions of the contemporary western marriage ceremony: (a) whether couples give a wedding party, (b) whether couples have their marriage consecrated in church, and (c) whether couples go away on honeymoon. A comparison of marriage cohorts from 1946 to 1994 shows that a decreasing number of couples marry in church, while an increasing number of couples go away on honeymoon after they got married. Wedding parties show a cyclical pattern: rising popularity since the late 1940s, but declining popularity since the 1970s. These trends are partly consistent with notions of individualism and secularization. Using multivariate analysis, I subsequently examine why couples differ in how they celebrate their marriage. This analysis indicates that traditional values of parents and friends about marriage, as well as church membership go hand in hand with a more elaborate marriage ceremony. These findings point to the importance of marriage ceremonies as a source of social confirmation of norm-guided behavior. In addition, I find that more elaborate and more intense marriage ceremonies are more common among couples who marry young, among couples who did not cohabit before marriage, and among people who marry for the first time. These findings underscore the role of marriage ceremonies as a way of reducing the uncertainty people may have in making their transition from youth to adulthood. Socio-economic status characteristics, finally, have a modest effect on how people celebrate their marriage. Weddings and honeymoons appear more common among higher status groups than among lower status groups, with the exception of couples from farm background, who tend to have larger weddings than the average couple. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]; Copyright of Mens en Maatschappij is the property of Amsterdam University Press and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder\u27s express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.
De verklaarde variantie verklaard: Een vergelijking van sociologische onderzoeksartikelen in de periode 1975-1998
No full textThe R² is often seen as one indicator of how well researchers are able to explain the phenomena they study. The R² is usually not high but there are large differences among studies. In this study, we try to explain these differences by examining the influence of four factors on the value of the R²: the field researchers are working in, the type of models and data they use, and the characteristics of the researchers themselves. To examine these influences empirically, we drew a sample of 285 regression models in 119 research articles, published in major journals in the Netherlands and the United States between 1975 and 1998. Multilevel analyses indicate that there are large differences among fields of study: stratification research and labor market studies have the highest R², studies on norms and values have the lo west R². The type of samples researchers work with appear to have very little impact on the R², but the type of models they estimate do matter, although not as much as is often believed. Finally, we do not find that the R² has increased over the past decades, nor do we find that American researchers are doing better than Dutch researchers. Most surprisingly, we find that fill professors tend to have a lower R² on average than other researchers. Our own R² is 50 percent, indicating that we are able to explain about half of the differences in the R² we observe among studies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]; Copyright of Mens en Maatschappij is the property of Amsterdam University Press and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder\u27s express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.
Samen of apart bankieren? Een onderzoek naar het geldbeheer van gehuwd en ongehuwd samenwonende paren
No full textThis article focuses on the question of how members of households formally control their money. We measure formal control as the ownership of bank accounts. Using data from a 1994 telephone survey among 1035 Dutch households, we find that couples vary in the degree to which they share the ownership of bank accounts. Whereas 61% of the married couples own all bank accounts jointly, only 11 % of the cohabiting couples choose to do so. Building on prior applications of the transaction cost approach to households, we model the couple\u27s choice for joint or separate banking as a function of (a) the transaction costs, (b) the risks of opportunistic behavior, (c) external risks related to third parties, and (d) progressive norms and values. The analyses show that our model offers a reasonable explanation of the degree to which couples share formal ownership of money. Especially the amount of relationship specific investments, which can be regarded as an incentive to refrain from behaving opportunistically, appears to be an important factor in explaining the degree of joint formal control over finances. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]; Copyright of Mens en Maatschappij is the property of Amsterdam University Press and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder\u27s express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.
Een stille liefde. Over de lezeressen van romantische lectuur
No full textUsing a national representative data set on book readers in the Netherlands, this article examines the causes and correlates of romantic fiction reading. Despite overall declines in reading during the last decades, romantic fiction has remained quite popular among Dutch women. Romantic fiction reading is particularly common among lower educated women, confirming the \u27popular culture\u27 nature of this activity. We examine why women are attracted to romantic fiction and analyze to what extent this genre is embedded in the social networks of its readers. Multivariate analyses indicate that four factors play a key role in explaining who reads romantic fiction. First, women with traditional family values read romantic fiction more often than others. Second, women who emphasize the importance of reading and literature in society are less likely to read romantic novels. Third, taste for romantic fiction is transmitted from mothers to daughters. And fourth, cultural literacy has a negative effect on romantic fiction reading. Together, these four factors explain about 60% of the correlation between education and romantic fiction reading. Finally, we show that in comparison to literature reading, the reading of romantic fiction hardly functions as part of a lower class lifestyle. Whereas literature is heavily embedded in the social circles of higher status groups, romantic fiction readers keep their interests to themselves. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]; Copyright of Mens en Maatschappij is the property of Amsterdam University Press and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder\u27s express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Comparing Neighbors and Friends in Age-Related Network Changes
Full text linkObjectives: To assess how the role of neighbors and friends in people’s networks changes with age and how this is affected by cohort, marriage, employment, and socioeconomic status. The hypothesis is that for most aspects of the network, friends lose “importance” as people become older, with neighbors gradually becoming more dominant in the nonkin network. Methods: Data are used for people aged 55–90 between 1999 and 2019 from the Swiss Household Panel (N = 5,585). A total of 4 network aspects were measured: size, contact, practical support, and emotional support. Measures for neighbors and friends were compared and analyzed with fixed-effects and hybrid-effects regression models on person-year observations. Results: The sizes of both network segments declined with age but more strongly for friends than neighbors. Contact with friends was stable but contact with neighbors increased. Support from friends declined whereas support from neighbors was stable. Direct comparisons revealed that the relative share of neighbors vis-à-vis friends increased as people age. Friends were more common and supportive vis-à-vis neighbors for divorced and widowed people than for married people, but this gap declined with age. The share of neighbors increased with retirement, especially for men. The share of neighbors vis-à-vis friends was also larger for people with less income and education and this gap did not change with age. Discussion: In the nonkin part of older adults’ networks, proximity eventually becomes dominant. This finding is interpreted in terms of rising needs, greater opportunity for local contact, and friend mortality risks, all favoring the neighbor segment of the network.</p
Demand- and supply-side perspectives on parental support:Inequalities between and within families
Full text linkCurrent generations of adult children are believed to rely on their parents for more extended periods of their lives than in the past. Theories of parental transfers to adult children often rely on the logic of demand and supply to explain inequality of support within and between families. The current paper examines these notions using an improved research design for understanding variations in four support dimensions: practical, financial, informational, and grandparenting. Random and fixed-effects regression models were estimated on a sample of 16,603 children aged 18–50 nested in 7826 parents in the Netherlands. Findings reveal that support transfers to children strongly depend on parents’ resources and time constraints, confirming the role of supply. Models for sibling differences within families show that parents allocate more support to children with personal problems and children who experienced adverse life events, in line with the notion of demand. Supply and demand-side factors play a weaker role for stepparents but similar roles for married and separated parents. Supply-side effects increase inequality in future generations, whereas demand-side effects reduce inequality by mitigating differences within families.</p
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