1,720,980 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Resolvin D1 and Resolvin D2 Protect Against Hypoxia/Reoxygenation Induced Lung and Kidney Damage in a Sickle Cell Mouse Model of Acute Vaso-Occlusive Crisis
No full textSickle cell disease (SCD) is characterized by hemolytic anemia in association with acute and chronic life-threatening clinical complications. Acute vaso-occlusive crisis (VOCs) are the main cause of hospitalization for SCD patients. In VOCs, amplified inflammatory response plays a key role in acute organ damage. Pro-Resolving lipid mediators such as resolvins (Rv) accelerate resolution of acute inflammation in different models, indicating that stimulation of endogenous resolution of inflammatory processes may be an additional strategy in limiting tissue damage. Recent data suggest beneficial effects of Rvs in hypoxia/reoxygenation (H/R) related tissue injury. Here, we study the effects of Rvs on a model of acute VOCs using humanized SCD mice (Hbatm1(HBA)Tow Hbbtm2(HBG1,HBB*)Tow). We treated SCD and control healthy mice (AA, Hbatm1(HBA)Tow Hbbtm3(HBG1,HBB)Tow) (n =6-7 animals in each group) with RvD1, 7S, 8R, 17S- trihydroxy-docosa-4Z, 9E, 11E, 13Z, 15E, 19Z-hexaenoic acid, 17R- RvD1, 7S, 8R, 17R- trihydroxy-docosa-4Z, 9E, 11E, 13Z, 15E, 19Z-hexaenoic acid; RvD2, 7S, 16R, 17S-trihydroxy-docosa-4Z, 8E, 10Z, 12E, 14E, 19Z-hexaenoic acid. Mice were treated with RvD1 and RvD2 at the dose of 2.5 ug/Kg by gavage 1 hour (hr) before H/R stress (10 hrs 8% oxygen followed by 3 hrs reoxygenation), which we have used in the past to mimic acute VOCs. We found that RvD1 and RvD2 significantly reduced the H/R-induced (i) increase in neutrophil count; (ii) lung inflammatory cell infiltrate, mucus and thrombi formation; (iii) glomerular inflammatory cell infiltration, glomerular sclerosis and thrombi formation. In the lung of H/R SCD mice, RvD1 prevented the H/R induced up-regulation of (i) cytokines such as MCP2, IL-6 and ET-1; (ii) vascular endothelial activation markers (VCAM-1 and ICAM-1; (iii) cytoprotective systems such as Prx6 and HO-1. In the kidney of H/R SCD mice, RvD1 significantly reduced H/R induced expression of IL-6 and ET-1 as well as HO-1. Our data indicate that RvD1 and RvD2 modulating inflammatory responses related to H/R in SCD, protect sickle cell target organs, and foster resolution. Thus, RvD1 and RvD2 might represent a novel therapeutic approach for acute VOCs in SCD
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
Molecular Cartography of the Human and Mouse Down Syndrome Brain
No full textDown syndrome (DS) is one of the most common causes of intellectual disability. DS is characterized by atypical neurodevelopment and accelerated neurodegeneration; however, the molecular mechanisms underlying disrupted corticogenesis and premature aging remain largely unclear. To gain molecular insight into the prenatal neurobiology of DS in a region-specific manner, I performed single-nucleus sequencing and spatial transcriptomics on mid-gestational prenatal human brain tissue. I identified alterations in lineage commitment and de-repression of transposable elements in DS neural progenitor cells, indicating potential shifts in the fate and functionality of neuronal and glial cells. To link human disease with model system pathobiology, I performed in situ spatial transcriptomics on the Ts65Dn mouse model of DS to examine the cellular and molecular landscape during early life and aging. I identified trisomy-associated gene expression patterns in the molecular control of neurogenesis, gliogenesis, and neuroinflammation. Together, this study provides a comprehensive cross-species understanding of the complex multicellular processes underlying forebrain disorganization in DS.M.Sc
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
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