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Üçüncü yerler olarak farklı dalga kahve evleri ve bu mekanlarda bilgi ve iletişim teknolojisi cihazlarının kullanımı: Ankara'da bir çapraz vaka çalışması.
No full textThe concept of ‘third place’, introduced by Ray Oldenburg in 1999, explains the need for an escape point where people can socialize, interact, have a conversation and spend time other than home or working place. In this context, the long history of coffee houses and their social role for the city are substantial. At the same time, increasing number of coffee houses, coffee shops and street cafés in urban context draw attention. Furthermore, the integration of technology to everyday life, especially the Information and Communication Technologies (ICTs), changes the dynamics of cities and coffee houses. To that end, this thesis aims to investigate (1) the types of coffee houses and to what extent they exhibit the third-place characteristics and (2) effects of ICT use on third place characteristics in the coffee houses. This research aims to put forward the variables of third places and make suggestions to support these variables to provide quality spaces for socialization. Thus, this study examines three different waves of coffee houses through a cross-case method by collecting data via site observation, survey questionnaire and Third Place Index, formed in the light of literature review. A traditional coffee house (the first wave), a coffee shop (the second wave) and a street café (the third wave) in Ulus and Bahçelievler districts in Ankara were selected as cases. Selected coffee houses were investigated to develop a better understanding of the similarities and differences between coffee houses in terms of third place characteristics and the relationship between the third-place characteristics and the use of ICT devices in these settings.Thesis (M.S.) -- Graduate School of Natural and Applied Sciences. Urban Design in City and Regional Planning Department
DİRENÇLİ KENTSEL FORM GÖSTERGELERİNİN MAKİNE ÖĞRENİMİ TEMELLİ EŞİKLERİ: ISITMA ENERJİSİ TALEBİ ÜZERİNE BİR KEŞİF ARAŞTIRMASI
No full textTwo categories of urban resilience are discussed in literature: general and specified. General resilience is defined as the system's overall capacity to survive disturbances, specified resilience is explained as the specific focus to be prepared for. While scholars rarely claim to need both, there's a lack of a quantifiable definition. This thesis aims to integrate the two by considering urban form in a general resilience perspective and defining a specific theme, i.e., the heating energy performance of urban blocks. It explores the extents of morphological indicators for a specific theme, conducting a detailed analysis via machine learning to identify complex relations and performance thresholds.
This study initially measures urban form indicators widely recognized in the literature as enhancers of general resilience, using Helsinki Metropolitan Area as a case area. It then critically evaluates the performance ranges of these indicators. To establish a relation between general resilience indicators and energy performance, building-level heating energy (deterministic-archetype) data is aggregated at the urban block level. To model the complex, non-linear relationships among the indicators, the XGBoost ML algorithm outperformed others. Model interpretability is ensured through SHAP (SHapley Additive exPlanations) analysis. Globally, plot granularity, plot number in block and floor space index emerged as the most influential indicators, while local analysis showed variations in their impact and ranking, though largely aligns with global findings.
The thesis essentially identifies the various performance ranges and reveals the complex and non-linear/linear relationships between the normatively defined urban form general resilience indicators in relation to heating energy demand.Literatürde kentsel dirençlilik iki kategoriye ayrılır: genel ve özel. Genel dirençlilik, sistemin her çeşit rahatsızlığa karşı hayatta kalma kapasitesi olarak tanımlanırken, özel dirençlilik ise hazırlıklı olunması gereken belirli bir odak noktası olarak açıklanır. Bazı akademisyenler nadiren her ikisine de ihtiyaç olduğunu iddia etseler de, ölçülebilir bir tanım eksikliği vardır. Bu tez, kentsel formu genel dirençlilik perspektifinde ele almakta ve özel bir tema (kentsel adaların ısıtma enerji performansı) tanımlayarak ikisini birleştirmeyi amaçlamaktadır. Belirli bir tema için morfolojik göstergelerin kapsamını araştırarak, karmaşık ilişkileri ve performans eşiklerini belirlemek için makine öğrenimi yoluyla ayrıntılı bir analiz yapmaktadır.
Bu çalışma, başlangıçta literatürde genel dirençliliği artıran faktörler olarak yaygın olarak kabul edilen kentsel form göstergelerini, Helsinki Metropol Bölgesi'ni örnek alan olarak kullanarak ölçmektedir. Ardından, bu göstergelerin performans aralıklarını eleştirel bir şekilde değerlendirmektedir. Genel dirençlilik göstergeleri ile enerji performansı arasında bir ilişki kurmak için, bina düzeyinde ısıtma enerjisi (deterministik arketip) verileri kentsel ada düzeyinde toplanmaktadır. Göstergeler arasındaki karmaşık, doğrusal olmayan ilişkileri modellemek için XGBoost ML algoritması diğerlerinden daha iyi performans göstermiştir. Modelin yorumlanabilirliği SHAP (SHapley Additive exPlanations) analizi ile sağlanmaktadır. Küresel olarak, parsel parçacıklığı, ada içindeki parsel sayısı ve kat alanı endeksi en etkili göstergeler olarak ortaya çıkarken, yerel analizde göstergelerin etkisi ve sıralaması farklılık gösterse de, genel eğilim küresel bulgularla büyük ölçüde örtüşmektedir.
Tez, temel olarak çeşitli performans aralıklarını belirlemekte ve normatif olarak tanımlanmış kentsel form genel dirençlilik göstergeleri ile ısıtma enerjisi talebi arasındaki karmaşık ve doğrusal olmayan/olan ilişkileri ortaya koymaktadır.Ph.D. - Doctoral Progra
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
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