150,174 research outputs found
Cd1d-Independent Developmental Acquisition of Prompt Il-4 Gene Inducibility in Thymus Cd161(Nk1)–Cd44lowcd4+Cd8– T Cells Is Associated with Complementarity Determining Region 3-Diverse and Biased V 2/V 7/V 8/V 3.2 T Cell Receptor Usage
No full textAmong Ag-inexperienced naive T cells, the CD1d-restricted NKT cell that uses invariant TCR- -chain is the most widely studied cell capable of prompt IL-4 inducibility. We show in this study that thymus CD161–CD44 lowCD4+CD8– T cells promptly produce IL-4 upon TCR stimulation, a response that displays biased V (2/7/8) and V 3.2 TCR usage. The association of V family bias and IL-4 inducibility in thymus CD161–CD44 lowCD4+CD8– T cells is found for B6, B10, BALB/c, CBA, B10.A(4R), and ICR mouse strains. Despite reduced IL-4 inducibility, there is a similarly biased V (2/ 7/8) TCR usage by IL-4 inducibility+ spleen CD161–CD44 lowCD 4+CD8– T cells. Removal of -galacotosylceramide/CD1d - binding cells from CD161–CD44lowCD4+CD8– thymocytes does not significantly affect their IL-4 inducibility. The development of thymus CD161–CD44lowCD4+CD8– T cells endowed with IL-4 inducibility and their associated use of V (2/7 /8) are 2-microglobulin-, CD1d-, and p59fyn- independent. Thymus CD161– CD44lowCD4+CD8– T cells produce low and no IFN- inducibility in response to TCR stimulation and to IL-12 + IL-18, respectively, and they express diverse complementarity determining region 3 sequences for both TCR- - and - -chains. Taken together, these results demonstrate the existence of a NKT cell distinct, TCR- repertoire diverse naive CD4+ T cell subset capable of prompt IL-4 inducibility. This subset has the potential to participate in immune response to a relatively large number of Ags. The more prevalent nature of this unique T cell subset in the thymus than the periphery implies roles it might play in intrathymic T cell development and may provide a framework upon which mechanisms of developmentally regulated IL-4 gene inducibility can be studied
The construction of Karen Karnak: The multi-author-function
No full textThis thesis is situated within the comparatively recent developments of Web 2.0 and the emergence of interactive WikiMedia, and explores the mode of authorship within a Read/Write culture compared to that of a Read/Only tradition. The hypothesis of this study is that the role of the audience has become merged with the author, and as such, represents new functions and attributes, distinct from a more conventional concept of authorship, in which the roles of audience and author are more separate. Read/Write and participatory culture, as defined by this study, is focused on collaboration, and includes the influences of D.I.Y. culture, Open-Source practices and the production of text by multiple authors. Multi-authorship presents a re-thinking of several concepts which support the notion of the individual author, since the focus of multi-authorship is not on attribution and ownership of a finished text, but on the continued malleability of a text. Modes of multi-authorship, demonstrated in the use of the pseudonyms Alan Smithee and Karen Eliot, represent declarative authors whose names signify multiple origins, whilst concurrently indicating a distinct body of work. The function of these names form an important context to this study, since primary research involves the construction of an experimental mode of multi-authorship utilising WikiMedia technology and the interaction of thirty nine participants, who are invited to create a body of work under the collective pseudonym Karen Karnak. The data generated by this experiment is analysed using aspects of Michel Foucault's author-function to identify and determine power structures inherent in the WikiMedia context. The interplay of power structures, including concepts such as identity, ownership and the body of work, affect the resulting mode of authorship and contribute to the construction of Karen Karnak, suggesting further areas of research into the emerging multi-author
Letter from John H. Page to Carl Hayden
No full textLetter from John H. Page to Carl T. Hayden regarding his company's rights to build a railway if they choose to
John T. Hamilton, <em>France/Kafka: An Author in Theory</em>
Full text linkJohn T. Hamilton, France/Kafka: An Author in Theor
Personal Papers (MS 80-0002)
No full textLetter from C. L. Kung to James T. Baird regarding the samples that they're returning through sea mail. And asks if they consider other kinds of embroidered table cloths, they would like to send those too
Cytotoxic T Lymphocytes Generated by Short-Term in Vitro Tcr Stimulation in the Presence of Il-4 Are Therapeutically Effective against B16 Melanoma
No full textP14 TCR transgenic CD8+ T cells (LCMV gp33-specific) were activated by antigen in the presence of either IL-2 or IL-2+ IL-4 to generate effector cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs). The therapeutic effectiveness of such IL-2 - or IL-2 + IL-4- grown CTLs was tested in mice that had received intravenous inoculations of B16.gp33 melanoma cells 7 days previously. Administration of P14 CTLs activated by antigen + IL-2 + IL- 4 was significantly more effective at reducing melanoma colony formation in the lung than those grown in the presence of antigen + IL-2. Highly significant improvement in survival was observed with 80% of B16.gp33- inoculated mice showing long-term survival after therapy with 10 x 10(6 ) antigen + IL-2 + IL-4-activated P14 CTLs. Similar therapeutic effectiveness of antigen + IL-2 + IL-4-activated P14 CTLs against subcutaneously inoculated B16.gp33 melanoma cells was also found. There was significant reduction in P14 CD8+ T cells in the peripheral blood of B 16 .gp33-inoculated mice than in mice that did not receive B16. gp33 melanoma cells, indicating possible homing of P14 CD8+ T cells to the site of tumor growth or antigen-induced apoptotic cell death. These results may have implications in tumor therapy using CTLs grown ex vivo, especially during early stages of tumor formation. They also support the concept that the therapeutic effectiveness of CTLs can be governed by the cytokine context in which they are activated . Copyright (C) 2003 National Science Council, ROC and S. Karger AG, Basel
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
E-shopping and off-line delivery systems in Korea: real space still matters
No full textIt is sometimes believed that the “real world” makes no difference in Internet shopping. This paper examines how off-line distribution systems of merchandise affect the spatial extent of Internetbased shopping in Korea. This case study investigated a leading e-shop, which employs a number of delivery systems to distribute merchandise to its patrons. The analysis revealed that the distribution of convenience shops and transit network did limit the spatial extent of the market hinterland of the case e-shop, and that there is also a strong preponderance of buyers within and nearby the district where the e-shop headquarters and distribution center are located
The auto-biography of John Britton ...
No full text"A chronological list of the literary works of John Britton": vol. 3, p. [185-192]."Essays on the merits and characteristics of William Shakspere... " (vol. 3, p. [1]-48) has special t.-p.Vol. 3 has title: Appendix to Britton's Auto-biography containing biographical, archaeological, and critical essays ... London, Printed for the subscribers to the Britton testimonial, 1850.Vol. 2 has title: A descriptive account of the literary works of John Britton ... (from 1800 to 1849) ... by T. E. Jones. London, Printed for the subscribers to the testimonial, 1849."Royal octavo ... Five hundred copies of this size are printed."Mode of access: Internet.SML By6z B77 +849b: Includes "Notice" (1 l. following vol. 1, p. [xiv]), listing the editions in which the work was published, and "Subscribers to the Britton testimonial" ([4] p. following vol. 1, p. 396).SML By6z B77 +849b: "A chronological list of the literary works of John Britton": vol. 3, p. [169-176].SML By6z B77 +849b: "Essays on the merits and characteristics of William Shakspere ... (vol. 3, p. [1]-44) has special t.-p.SML By6z B77 +849b: "The quarto copies, which have been printed after the octavos, contain some literal corrections, and a few additional paragraphs."SML By6z B77 +849b: Title of vol. 2 and vol. 3 as in octavo edition.SML By6z B77 +849b: Added engraved t.-p. in vol. 1.SML By6z B77 +849b: "Demy quarto ... Only one hundred and twenty-five copies ... are printed of this size."SML By6z B77 +849b: Another edition. 3 v. in 2 : ill. ; 29 x 23 cm.SML By6z B77 849 Copy 2: "Preparing for publication. The auto-biography of John Britton ... London, Printed for the author, 1847": 7, [1] p. bound at end of vol. 1.SML By6z B77 849 Copy 2: "Notice," listing the editions in which the work was published, inserted in vol. 1, following p. xiv.SML By6z B77 849 Copy 1: "Subscribers to the Britton memorial" ([4] p.) inserted in vol. 1, following p. xiv
The road from London to Chichester in com, Suffex : containing 63 mile 2 furlongs vizt. : from ye standard in Cornhill London to Guilford in com Surry ...
No full textRelief shown pictorially.; Road strip map in six sections, with numbered distances along road.; Orientation of north shown in each section..; Derived from John Ogilby's Britannia.; 39 in lower right corner.; Decorative cartouche around title statement
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