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Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
The Sino-Japanese Tariff Agreement and the 1930 Tariff
Full text linkThis paper is an investigation of the negotiations that led to the Sino-Japanese Tariff Agreement and of the Chinese Nationalist government's decision-making processes with regard to the 1930 Tariff. The results of this investigation are as follows: 1) Both the Japanese and the Chinese governments were forced to make concessions. While the Japanese government could not but recognize the Tariff Autonomy of China, the Chinese Nationalist government was forced to promise to continue to maintain a low rate on import duties for one or three years on the several commodities imported primarily from Japan. 2) Both governments were forced to consider public opinion, especially those of industrialists within each country. In China, numerous appeals by industrial associations to the government, in addition to vigorous arguments put forward by journalists, wielded undeniable influence. The debate in the Legislative Yuan also had an important effect. 3) The decision-making process with regard to the Nationalist government's 1930 Tariff suggests that the draft tariff table drawn up by the Nationalist Tariff Committee of the Ministry of Finance was considerably revised under pressure from industrialists. The Legislative Yuan also played an important role in this revision process
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Japan, Britain, and the Maritime Custom Administration during the Founding of the Government of Nationalist China
Full text linkThe administrative ideals concerning maritime custom matters in early modern China indicate in condensed form the political circumstances, both internal and external, of that period. Despite the successive changes in the Inspector General of Customs during the years 1927-1929, from F.A. Aglen, to A.H.F. Edwardes, and finally to F.W. Maze, this remains true without exception. The foreign powers' system of giving precedence to an insured fund of money for the sake of the return of responsibilities for maritime administration became, under heightening Chinese nationalism, a thing of the past, and in its stead, the feeling arose on the Chinese side that a Chinese maritime custom administration which respects Chinese sovereignty in politics and economics must be advanced. F.A. Aglen and A.H.F. Edwardes, who failed to appreciate this, resigned from their position. This led to F. W. Maze, who well discerned the trends of his day, becoming the Inspector General of Customs. Thus arose the Nationalist Government, which, as the political force claiming to be able to effect these changes in maritime customs administration, replaced the Peking Government. Thus the major powers, beginning with Japan and Britain, who were out of step due to disparities in the benefits that they derived from the old system of customs, were forced to accept the changes in maritime customs administration in China
<Review>N. Kagotani, The International Trade Order of Asia and Modern Japan, Nagoya, 2000
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