1,721,004 research outputs found
MADFORWATER: WP2: Adaptation of wastewater treatment technologies for agricultural reuse: Task2.4: Industrial wastewater treatment: Treatment of different types of wastewater by means of innovative resins: Subset1
No full textThis dataset contains the data underlying the following publication: Li Wen-Tao, Cao Meng-Jie, Young Tessora, Ruffino Barbara, Dodd Michael, Li Ai-Min, Korshin Gregory. (2017).
Application of UV absorbance and fluorescence indicators to assess the formation of biodegradable dissolved organic carbon and bromate during ozonation. Water Research 2017, 111, 154-162. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.watres.2017.01.009
MADFORWATER: WP2: Adaptation of wastewater treatment technologies for agricultural reuse: Task2.4: Industrial wastewater treatment: Treatment of different types of wastewater by means of innovative resins: Subset1
No full text<p>This dataset contains the data underlying the following publication: Li Wen-Tao, Cao Meng-Jie, Young Tessora, Ruffino Barbara, Dodd Michael, Li Ai-Min, Korshin Gregory. (2017).</p>
<p>Application of UV absorbance and fluorescence indicators to assess the formation of biodegradable dissolved organic carbon and bromate during ozonation. Water Research 2017, 111, 154-162. <a href="http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.watres.2017.01.009">http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.watres.2017.01.009</a>.</p>
Comparison of the effects of chloramine and chlorine on the aromaticity of dissolved organic matter and yields of disinfection by-products
No full textUse of fluorescence for real-time monitoring of contaminants of emerging concern in (waste)water: Perspectives for sensors implementation and process control
No full textThe need to remove ubiquitously occurring contaminants of emerging concern (CEC) from water/wastewater represents a global challenge both in terms of developing efficient technologies and decreasing high energy demands of the water sector. In this context, online monitoring of the occurrence of CEC and their removal in (waste)water facilities play an important role in optimization of treatment processes. Fluorescence spectroscopy is a viable tool for ‘indirect’ CEC monitoring that is based on the correlations between CEC concentrations and those of dissolved organic matter (DOM). Among a wide range of fluorescence indexes have been proposed as surrogate parameters for water treatment applications, those measured at specific pairs of excitation/emission (ex/em) wavelengths can be implemented in commercially available or customized field-deployable fluorescence sensors thus enabling real-time and/or on-site CEC monitoring. This review examined results of the prior studies of ex/em pair options and selects those of them that are most useful for CEC monitoring in natural water environments, lab-/pilot-scale (waste)water treatment processes and ultimately in practical field applications. The approach of fluorescence-based monitoring is convenient for process control and optimization of CEC removal while concurrently saving energy and material demands of engineered (waste)water systems. This review also calls for further research of applications of fluorescence spectroscopy in (waste)water treatment and, more specifically, it provides a detailed workflow developed to select, test, and validate pairs of ex/em coordinates suitable for CEC monitoring in various types of (waste)water treatment processes
Biological desulfurization of biogas: A comprehensive review on sulfide microbial metabolism and treatment biotechnologies
No full textHydrogen sulphide (H2S) removal from biogas is of high relevance as it damages combustion engines used for heat and power generation and causes adverse public health and environmental effects. Biological processes have been reported as a cost-effective and promising approach to desulfurize biogas. This review presents a detailed description of the biochemical foundations of the metabolic apparatus of H2S oxidizing bacteria, namely chemolithoautotrophs and anoxygenic photoautotrophs. The review focuses on the current and future applications of biological processes for biogas desulfurization and provides insights into their mechanism and main factors influencing their performance. The advantages, drawbacks, limitations, and technical improvements of the biotechnological applications currently based on chemolithoautotrophic organisms are covered extensively. Recent advances, sustainability and economical aspects of biological biogas desulfurization are also discussed. Anoxygenic photoautotrophic-bacteria-based photobioreactors were herein identified as useful tools to improve the sustainability and safety of biological biogas desulfurization. The review addresses gaps in the existing studies concerning the selection of the most suitable desulfurization techniques, their benefits and consequences. The research is useful for all stakeholders involved in the management and optimization of biogas and its findings are directly applicable in the development of new sustainable technologies for biogas upgrading processes on waste treatment plants
Sewage Sludge-Derived Biochar for Micropollutant Removal: A Brief Overview with Emphasis on European Water Policy
No full textThis work provides a brief overview of the application of Sewage Sludge-Derived Biochar (SSBC) for the removal of micropollutants from aqueous solutions and wastewater. A particular emphasis is placed on the adsorption efficiency of SSBC regarding the Priority Substances defined under the scope of the EU Water Framework Directive
Comparison of Physicochemical Methods to Remove Arsenic from Landfill Leachate and Gas Condensate
No full textThesis (Master's)--University of Washington, 2020Arsenic is an important contaminant widely found in municipal solid waste (MSW). It has been accumulating in landfills and its concentrations in the landfill leachate have been observed to increase in several sites, notably at the Cedar Hills Regional Landfill Facility (CHRLF) located in the State of Washington. The chemistry and mobility of arsenic are unusual since it involves an array of solutes, gaseous arsines, and solids whose formation is greatly affected by landfill conditions that are dependent on MSW composition, hydrology, and other site-specific factors. The reducing conditions in a landfill result in intense microbial activity that generates landfill gas (LFG), LFG condensates, and leachate all of which can contain arsenic. The biological activity also results in the formation of methylated and sulfur-containing arsenic complexes that tend to be resistant to the conventional methods of removal. This thesis evaluated the effectiveness of conventional and emerging technology particularly micro-electrolysis (ME) in the removal of arsenic from landfill leachate and LFG condensate. ME uses a combination of adsorption and zero-valent iron (ZVI) driven reduction that results in the immobilization of arsenic. While this treatment has been researched in the context of COD removal, its usage in the removal of arsenic from landfill systems has not been investigated. In this study, landfill leachate and LFG condensate were collected over multiple sampling rounds from various locations in CHRLF. Conventional methods including ferric chloride coagulation, coagulation with dispersed gas flotation, and permanganate oxidation resulted in inadequate removal of arsenic. Pre-treatment by ozonation and electrochemical oxidation also did not improve treatment efficiency. In contrast, ME resulted in >90% removal of arsenic from both leachate and LFG condensate at high doses (>20 g/L) of activated carbon and ZVI. This process was enhanced by nitrogen or carbon dioxide purging. Adsorption on activated carbon removed 70-75% of arsenic from landfill leachate at a dose of 20 g/L, but it did not remove arsenic from LFG condensate. Simultaneous removal of organic matter and co-occurring contaminants such as chromium and nickel were also observed. While ME and activated carbon were successful in arsenic removal from leachate and LFG condensate samples from certain sampling rounds, they were relatively ineffective for others. This highlighted two major concerns: (i) the speciation of arsenic in leachate and LFG condensate appears to vary within the site and, (ii) the chemistry of arsenic in the leachate and its response to treatment may fluctuate seasonally. Therefore, it is essential to elucidate further the speciation of arsenic and other characteristics of the landfill leachate and LFG condensate to establish an efficient and reliable treatment train
Fluorescence-Based Approach for Monitoring Perfluorooctanoic Acid (PFOA) and Perfluorooctanesulfonic Acid (PFOS) During Granular Activated Carbon (GAC) Adsorption
No full textThis study explores the GAC adsorption of perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) and perfluorooctanesulfonic acid (PFOS), that stands out as the most frequently produced and detected compounds belonging to the class of poly- and perfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS). Experiments were performed on three distinct wastewaters (WW-1, WW-2, WW-3) employing rapid small scale column tests (RSSCTs). RSSCTs were carried out at the same empty bed contact time (EBCT) using a commercially available GAC. Parallel factor analysis (PARAFAC) was used to deconvolute fluorescence EEMs. Four independent PARAFAC components were found. High linear correlations were found between the PFAS breakthrough and the breakthrough of the PARAFAC components during the GAC process for WW-1, WW-2 and WW-3. In particular, the PARAFAC component C3, representative of the protein tryptophan-like fluorescence region, lead to high accuracy prediction models of PFOA and PFOS breakthough
Examination of the Degradation of the Antineoplastic Drug 5-Fluorouracil by Chlorine at Varying Treatment Conditions
Full text linkThesis (Master's)--University of Washington, 2013Trace-level organic contaminants that belong to the group of chemotherapeutic (antineoplastic) drugs have been detected in municipal wastewaters and, at lower concentrations, surface waters. The presence of even trace levels of these compounds is of concern due to their inherently high toxicity and low biodegradability. In this study, we examined effects of chlorine concentrations, pH and other reaction conditions such as reaction time, ionic strength, and concentrations of bromide and chloride on the removal of 5 &ndash fluorouracil (5 &ndash FU). The experimental procedure was primarily based on the spectrophotometric determination of 5&ndashFU concentrations. The data were processed to obtain pseudo first-order reaction rates of the removal of 5&ndashFU. Apparent rates of 5&ndashFU removal were strongly pH&ndashdependent reaching a maximum at a pH close to 7.3. Variation of bromide and chloride levels resulted in strong changes of pH-dependent apparent kinetic rates. The obtained data allowed estimating half-times of 5&ndashFU in chlorinated water. For a typical chlorine concentration of 1 mg/L, and in the absence of bromide, 50% of 5&ndashFU can be removed within ca. one hour of exposure at pH close to 7.3. The half time decreases rapidly in the presence of even trace levels of bromide. The obtained results show that water treatment conditions play a critical role in the removal of 5&ndashFU and other trace-level antineoplastic agents that may be present in wastewater and drinking water supplies
Continued optimization of a microelectrolysis treatment process for removal of arsenic from landfill gas condensate, characterization of materials, and evaluation of Fe as a predictor of treatment monitoring
No full textThesis (Master's)--University of Washington, 2024Landfill gas condensate is formed during landfill gas (LFG) purification that must be carried out to produce pipeline-quality renewable natural gas. LFG condensates (LGC) are known to contain high levels of arsenic whose presence may result in exceeding applicable discharge limits. Arsenic speciation in LGC is dominated by organo-As compounds that are difficult or impossible to remove by conventional methods. This difficulty may be circumvented via microelectrolysis (ME) treatment that uses a combination of zero-valent iron (ZVI) and granular activated carbon (GAC). This study compared the performance of alternative types of ZVI/GAC media and examined effects of other treatment variables including pH, agitation methods, and media cycling. This study also addressed the significance of iron release as a treatment indicator. Experimental results showed the ME treatment reliably removes up to >90% of arsenic from LGC in several consecutive treatment cycles. Release of dissolved iron from the treatment media tends to be correlated with arsenic removal and the quantification of iron release in ME treatment may be a suitable option to monitor the efficiency of arsenic removal in field conditions
- …
