1,720,995 research outputs found
Hospital antibiotic management in north-eastern Italy--results of the ABS maturity survey of the ABS International group.
No full textThe ABS International group conducted a survey to estimate the prevalence and characteristics of country-specific hospital antibiotic management programs. This paper summarizes the results for the north-eastern area of Italy.
METHODS:
The survey was conducted in January and February 2008. A questionnaire with items related to hospital antibiotic management was sent to the medical administrators of two regions, namely Veneto and Trentino Alto Adige, which are further subdivided into smaller administrative areas.
MAIN FINDINGS:
Ten out of 82 questionnaires were returned and nine were evaluable. The mean total score for all items in the areas under consideration was 3.69 (median: 3.58; range 2.58-4.50). Top values and high mean scores were achieved for diagnostics and control of antibiotic consumption. Organizational structures such as well defined antibiotic-related roles and communication tools are missing to a large degree.
CONCLUSIONS:
The findings of this questionnaire-based survey underline the considerable potential for further improvement of antibiotic stewardship in north-eastern Italy
Detection of a new SHV-type extended-spectrum ß-lactamase (SHV-31) in a Klebsiella pneumoniae causing a large nosocomial outbreak in the Netherlands
No full textA Klebsiella pneumoniae strain resistant to third-generation cephalosporins was isolated in the eastern Netherlands. The strain was found to carry a novel extended-spectrum beta-lactamase, namely, SHV-31. The combination of the two mutations by which SHV-31 differs from SHV-1, namely, L35Q and E240K, had previously only been described in association with one or more additional mutations
Susceptibilities of Streptococcus pyogenes and Streptococcus pneumoniae to macrolides and telithromycin: data from an Italian multicenter study
No full text687 isolates of Streptococcus pyogenes and 600 isolates of Streptococcus pneumoniae, isolated over the period 2002-2003 from specimens of different human origin obtained in 16 different Italian centres, were assayed for their susceptibilities to different macrolides and to telithromycin, and were investigated by PCR to detect their different erythromycin resistance genes. 25.5% of the S. pyogenes isolates proved resistant to erythromycin, as well as to clarithromycin and azithromycin. 6.6% of the isolates proved non-susceptible to clindamycin. 4.9% of the isolates were non-susceptible to telithromycin. 22.3% of all erythromycin-resistant isolates exhibited cMLSB resistance, 50.3% iMLSB resistance, and 27.4% M-type resistance. All cMLSB strains had the erm(B) gene, all M strains had the mef(A) gene, and no resistance genes were found in the erythromycin-susceptible strains. Roughly one quarter of the iMLSB strains had erm(A) and roughly three quarters erm(B). 35.2% of the S. pneumoniae isolates proved resistant to erythromycin, and virtually all of them also proved resistant to clarithromycin and azithromycin, too. Only 6.0% of the pneumococcal isolates were resistant to penicillin and a further 11.0% were intermediate. Only 0.2% of the isolates were non-susceptible to telithromycin. 65.9% of all erythromycin-resistant S. pneumoniae isolates had cMLSB resistance, 18.0% had iMLSB resistance, and 16.1% had M-type resistance. All the MLSB-resistant isolates had an erm(B) gene, and all the M-type isolates had a mef gene. We conclude that macrolide resistance of streptococci still persists in Italy with incidences as high as 40%, more often than not being characterised by the MLSB phenotype. The ketolide telithromycin, structurally related to macrolides and most likely to substitute for them in a number of clinical uses, is confirmed as being extremely active even against recent clinical streptococcal isolates. © E.S.I.F.T. srl
Attività antibatterica e caratteristiche farmacologiche comparate di tre fluorchinoloni, con considerazioni sul loro impiego ospedaliero
No full textPilot implementation of the e-Bug Project in Italy.
No full textA pilot of the e-Bug programme has been performed in Italy. Three thousand copies of e-Bug packs have been printed and distributed to primary and first-level secondary schools in three north-eastern regions of the country (Veneto, Trentino Alto Adige and Friuli Venezia Giulia). Following the programme design in the pack, lessons based on the e-Bug resources were delivered for 1 week in a primary school in Verona. This practical approach has been adopted by other schools in these regions, in the cities of Trieste and Udine. Excellent feedback on the e-Bug packs has been received from both students and teachers. The National Italian Institute of Health has requested a further 800 primary and 800 secondary e-Bug packs for distribution to different regions
Performance of Vitek 2 in antimicrobial susceptibility testing of Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolates with different mechanisms of beta-lactams resistance
No full textA total of 78 isolates of Pseudomonas aeruginosa grouped according to the phenotype for ceftazidime and imipenem susceptibility/resistance were used to assess the accuracy of the Vitek 2 system in antimicrobial susceptibility testing. Comparisons were made with a MIC gradient test for piperacillin-tazobactam, ceftazidime, aztreonam, imipenem, meropenem, gentamicin, and ciprofloxacin. For the total of 546 isolate-antimicrobial combinations tested, the category agreement was 83.6%, with 2.0, 1.6, and 12.8% very major, major, and minor errors, respectively. Vitek 2 accuracy was influenced differently by the mechanism responsible for resistance, and interpretation of the results in relation to phenotype could improve the performance of the syste
Detection of VIM-5 metallo-beta-lactamase in a Pseudomonas aeruginosa clinical isolate from Turkey
No full textA strain of Salmonella enterica serovar Virchow isolated in Turkey and carrying a CTX-M-3 extended spectrum beta-lactamase
No full textPrevalence of plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance determinants in Enterobacteriaceae strains isolated in North-East Italy
No full textWe investigated the prevalence of plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance genes in 756 clinical isolates of Enterobacteriaceae originating from Microbiology Diagnostic Laboratories of North-East Italy. Five point zero two percent of isolates carried a qnr determinant while the aac(6')-Ib-cr determinant was detected in 9·25% of isolates. We also investigated the association between the plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance and the beta-lactamase genes, and characterized the plasmids carrying these determinants of resistance
Linezolid resistance in a Staphylococcus haemolyticus strain isolated in an intensive care unit
No full textposter P89
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