1,721,012 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Finanzwissenschaft und Umweltökonomie in einer ungleichen Welt
No full textTax policy in the 21st century faces three key challenges: mitigating inequality, the possibility of high levels of global warming through the unregulated release of greenhouse gases into the atmosphere and a lack of investment in infrastructure. Global warming and underfinanced infrastructure are a consequence of mismanaged common goods. This thesis argues that policies regulating the use and the supply of these common goods can also have beneficial effects on the distribution of wealth and income.
For that purpose I analyze the distributional effects of different policy designs which regulate the use and supply of common goods. The thesis consists of two parts each corresponding to one common good:
In the first part, I study policies that manage the common good of the atmosphere in its function as a carbon sink and their distributional impacts. Such climate policies can affect poor households disproportionally since they spend a higher share of their income on carbon-intensive subsistence goods. The overarching research question in Part I is: how can climate policies be designed such that they are distributionally neutral or progressive? In this context I also discuss the following, more general question: to what extent can interactions between public and climate policies enhance welfare?
Part II of this thesis focuses on infrastructure in a broad sense including transport and energy infrastructure as well as investment in the education sector. Infrastructure is of major importance for an economy's growth trajectory, but also underfinanced in large parts of the world. I therefore analyze the equity and efficiency impacts of different financing mechanisms for public investment in infrastructure. The main research question is: how can public investment in infrastructure be financed to be distribution-neutral or even inequality-reducing? I further use a model in which wealth is disaggregated into physical capital and land, and in which households differ in the strength of their savings motive, to answer the following question: which combination of wealth-based taxes can reduce inequality without harming efficiency?
This thesis analyzes different design options for policies that regulate common goods in terms of their equity and efficiency implications.
The main finding of this thesis is that, when equity considerations are included in the assessment of policies which regulate common goods, these policies can be designed to be distribution-neutral or even progressive. It thus provides additional reasons for implementing stricter common good policies, such as a higher carbon price and increased public investment in infrastructure. It further argues that accounting for interactions between public and climate policies is needed for a sound appraisal of second-best policies. Finally, this thesis demonstrates that wealth inequality can be reduced without harming economic output.Drei der wichtigsten politischen Herausforderungen für Finanzpolitik im 21. Jahrhundert sind: die Reduzierung von Ungleichheit, globale Erwärmung durch den unkontrollierten Ausstoß von Treibhausgasen in die Atmosphäre und ein Mangel an Investitionen in Infrastruktur. Eine zu hohe Konzentration von Treibhausgasen in der Atmosphäre sowie unterfinanzierte Infrastruktur sind eine Folge schlecht verwalteter Allmendegüter.
Die vorliegende Dissertation vergleicht verschiedene Politikentwürfe zur Regulierung der Nutzung und Bereitstellung von Allmendegütern und deren Wechselwirkungen mit Ungleichheit. Es wird gezeigt, dass Politikinstrumente zur Regulierung von Allmendegütern so gestaltet werden können, dass sie gleichzeitig die Ungleichheit verringern. Die Dissertation besteht aus zwei Teilen die jeweils einem Allmendegut entsprechen.
In Teil I untersuche ich die Verteilungswirkungen von Politikinstrumenten zur Regulierung der Nutzung der Atmosphäre als Senke für CO2 Emissionen. Klimapolitik kann arme Haushalte stärker treffen als reiche Haushalte, da erstere einen höheren Anteil ihres Einkommens für CO2-intensive Güter ausgeben. Die Forschungsfrage in Teil I ist daher: Wie kann Klimapolitik konzipiert werden, so dass sie verteilungsneutral oder progressiv wirkt? Außerdem diskutiere ich, inwieweit Wechselwirkungen zwischen Wirtschafts- und Umweltpolitik die Kosten von Umweltpolitik senken können.
Teil II behandelt das Thema der öffentlichen Finanzierung von Infrastruktur. Öffentliche Transport-, Energie-, Kommunikations- und Bildungs-Strukturen sind äußerst relevant für das Wirtschaftswachstum. Allerdings liegen die jährlichen Investitionen in Infrastruktur deutlich unter dem optimalen Niveau. Der zweite Teil befasst sich daher mit folgender Forschungsfrage: Wie können öffentliche Investitionen so finanziert werden, dass die Ungleichheit verringert wird, oder zumindest unverändert bleibt? Darüber hinaus untersuche ich die Frage ob Steuern, die nur auf bestimmte Vermögenskomponenten erhoben werden (wie z.B. auf Landrenten oder Erbschaften), die Ungleichheit senken können, ohne der Wirtschaft zu schaden.
Die vorliegende Dissertation zeigt auf, dass Politikinstrumente, die die Nutzung und Bereitstellung von Allmendegütern (wie der Atmosphäre und Infrastruktur) regulieren, so konzipiert werden können, dass sie Ungleichheit verringern oder unverändert lassen. Die Reduzierung von Ungleichheit kann deshalb eine zusätzliche Motivation darstellen für strengere Klimapolitik und gesteigerte Investitionen in Infrastruktur. Darüber hinaus wird gezeigt, dass Wechselwirkungen zwischen Wirtschafts- und Umweltpolitik die Kosten von Umweltpolitik deutlich verringern können, und dass Vermögensungleichheit reduziert werden kann, ohne dadurch die Wirtschaftsleistung einzuschränken
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
Author Under Sail The Imagination of Jack London, 1893-1902
No full textIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Intro -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Dedication -- Contents -- Acknowledgments -- Introduction -- 1. Spirit Truth -- 2. From Absorption to Theatricality and Back Again -- 3. "I Will Build a New Present" -- 4. Sons as Authors -- 5. Fathers as Publishers -- 6. The Daughter as Author -- 7. Lovers as Authors -- 8. At Sea with the Family -- 9. Yellow News, Yellow Stories -- 10. The Return Home -- Notes -- Bibliography -- Index -- About Jay WilliamsIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Description based on publisher supplied metadata and other sources.Electronic reproduction. Ann Arbor, Michigan : ProQuest Ebook Central, YYYY. Available via World Wide Web. Access may be limited to ProQuest Ebook Central affiliated libraries
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