1,721,307 research outputs found
Supplemental_Material – Supplemental material for Role of the galanin N-terminal fragment (1-15) in anhedonia: Involvement of the dopaminergic mesolimbic system
No full textSupplemental material, Supplemental_Material for Role of the galanin N-terminal fragment (1-15) in anhedonia: Involvement of the dopaminergic mesolimbic system by Carmelo Millón, Antonio Flores-Burgess, Belén Gago, Francisco Alén, Laura Orio, Laura García-Durán, José A Narváez, Kjell Fuxe, Luis Santín and Zaida Díaz-Cabiale in Journal of Psychopharmacology</p
Studies on central D1 receptors role in volume transmission, neuroendrocrine regulation and release of noradrenaline
No full textVolume Transmission and the Russian-Doll Organization of Brain Cell Networks: Aspects of Their Integrative Actions.
No full textThe central nervous system (CNS) has been proposed to be formed by functional modules (FMs) that are structurally organized as “Russian dolls”, which form transient assemblies, according to the different integrative tasks that networks within the CNS have to carry out. Integration is achieved by means of communication processes among and within FMs. Two major types of communication processes occur in the CNS, wiring transmission (WT) and volume transmission (VT). WT involves classical synaptic transmission via diffusion of a neurotransmitter across the synaptic cleft, while VT is transmission via a neuroactive substance that is carried by the extracellular and cerebrospinal fluids to distant targets. Recently, evidence has been obtained for the existence of tunneling nanotubes that mediate WT and microvesicles that mediate VT, allowing horizontal transfer of receptors, RNAs, and micro-RNAs.
The recognition and decoding process at the target level involves receptor heteromers (receptor mosaics) that are generated by direct receptor–receptor interactions, as an emergent property of this system. Receptor mosaics allow the integration of incoming information at the plasma membrane level. These new aspects of the structural and functional organization of the CNS open up a new field of investigation in the physiology and pathology of the CNS
Receptor-receptor interactions in heteroreceptor complexes: a new principle in biology. Focus on their role in learning and memory
No full textThe allosteric receptor-receptor interactions over the interfaces in heteroreceptor complexes have been
explored and their biochemical, pharmacological and functional integrative implications in the Central
Nervous System (CNS) described. GPCR interacting proteins participate in these complexes mainly
through modulation of receptor-receptor interactions. Methodologies to study heteroreceptor complexes
in living cells (FRET and BRET-based techniques) and in brain tissue (in situ proximity ligation assay)
are briefly summarized. The physiological and pathological relevance of the allosteric receptor-receptor
interactions in heteroreceptor complexes is emphasized and novel strategies for treatment of mental
and neurological disease are developed based on this new biological principle of integration. The
molecular basis of learning and memory is proposed to be based on the reorganization of the homo- and
heteroreceptor complexes in the postjunctional membrane of synapses leading also to changes in the
prejunctional receptor complexes to facilitate the pattern of transmitter release to be learned. Long-term
memory may be created by the transformation of parts of the heteroreceptor complexes into unique
transcription factors which can lead to the formation of specific adapter proteins which can consolidate
the heteroreceptor complexes into long-lived complexes with conserved allosteric receptor-receptor
interactions
Relevance of dopamine D2/neurotensin NTS1 and NMDA/neurotensin NTS1 receptor interaction in psychiatric and neurodegenerative disorders
No full textThe existence of functional NT/dopamine interactions in the central nervous system has been extensively documented. Among others, a possible molecular mechanism underlying the NT-induced modulation of dopamine release is a direct antagonistic NTS1/D2 receptor interaction. More recently, neurochemical experiments also supported the existence of a possible interaction between NT and Nmethyl- d-aspartate (NMDA) receptors. In particular, it has been suggested that NT, by amplifying NMDA receptor signaling, could be involved in neurodegeneration. The present article attempts to provide a summary of current knowledge, mainly emerging from our studies, on the existence of receptorreceptor interactions between NT receptor subtype 1 (NTS1) and dopamine D2 or NMDA receptors in the brain. Special emphasis is placed on the pre and post-synaptic neurochemical mechanisms possibly underlying the involvement of these interactions in the physiopathology of schizophrenia and acute neurodegenerative disorders. © 2012 Bentham Science Publishers
Nicotine-induced fibroblast growth factor-2 restores the age-related decline of precursor cell proliferation in the subventricular zone of rat brain
No full textPrecursor cell proliferation is present in the subventricular zone (SVZ) of the lateral ventricles and the subgranular zone (SGZ) of the dentate gyrus of the hippocampus of adult rat and persists during aging although at reduced levels. Previous studies have shown that acute intermittent nicotine treatment significantly increases fibroblast growth factor-2 (FGF-2) expression in several brain regions of aged rats. The aim of the present investigation was to test the hypothesis that nicotine-induced expression of FGF-2 may restore the age-related decline of precursor cell proliferation. It was first demonstrated that nicotine treatment increases both mRNA and protein FGF-2 in the SVZ of aged male rats (18 months old). The effect of nicotine on precursor cell proliferation in the SVZ was studied by i.p. injection of 5-bromo-2'-deoxyuridine (BrdU) 40 mg/kg to label dividing cells. The nicotine treatment was found to significantly enhance precursor cell proliferation in the SVZ. This increase was sufficiently large to restore the age-related decline of proliferating precursor cells observed in aged rats to that found in young adult rats (3 months old). FGF-2 was expressed in GFAP-positive cells and may act via its receptor FGFR1 that was found expressed in nestin-positive cells of the SVZ. The data obtained demonstrated that the age-related decline of precursor cell proliferation may be counteracted by activating a trophic mechanism mediated by FGF-2
Neuroglobin as a regulator of mitochondria-dependent apoptosis. A bioinformatics analysis
No full text
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
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