1,721,010 research outputs found
Site effects observed in Antakya after the Mw 7.7 Pazarcik and Mw 7.6 Elbistan Earthquakes on the 6th February 2023 (Türkiye)
No full textOn February 6, 2023 Eastern Türkiye was shaken by two consecutive catastrophic earthquakes of moment magnitudes 7.7. and 7.6, induced by a left-lateral strike-slip fault in Eastern Anatolian Fault Zone. The first earthquake with a moment magnitude 7.6 was felt at 4:17 local time in the morning, while, approximately nine hours later, the second earthquake with a moment magnitude 7.7 increased the massive damage that occurred in eleven provinces of Türkiye including Hatay, Kahramanmaraş, Adıyaman, Malatya, Osmaniye, Gaziantep, Kilis, Şanlıurfa, Diyarbakır, Adana and Elazığ. In this paper, a specific focus is devoted to show the site effects observed in Antakya after the strong shakings as revealed by an extensive analysis of the collected ground motion records and geological and geotechnical data. It is shown that basin effects are associated with a higher level of damage compared to areas with the same level of ground shaking but without detrimental conditions of the local soils. The lessons learned from this seismic event highlight the key role played by the seismic response analysis and related tools of microzonation studies for the mitigation of the seismic risk
Türkiye Mw 7.7 Pazarcık and Mw 7.6 Elbistan earthquakes of February 6th, 2023: Contribution of valley effects on damage pattern
No full textOn February 6th, 2023, southeastern Türkiye was shaken by two catastrophic earthquakes, close to northwestern Syrian border. The first earthquake (Pazarcık) occurred 45 km west of Gaziantep at 1:17:32 (UTC), with a shallow strike-slip faulting at a depth of approximately 8.6 km and a moment magnitude (MW) of around 7.7. The second event (Elbistan) took place 9 h later, 66 km north-east of Kahramanmaraş city center, also with shallow strike-slip faulting at a depth approximately 7 km and an MW of around 7.6. Turkish authorities reported a death toll of over 59,000 in Türkiye and about 8500 in Syria. The destructive effect of the earthquake resulted from widespread strong ground shaking, a rupture length exceeding 300 km, causing collapse of a large number of buildings. The catastrophic destruction of the built environment was accompanied by a range of other earthquake-related effects, including fault ruptures, landslides, and soil liquefaction. The aim of the study is to analyze the distribution of ground motion and their relationships with the observed damages for the two events. Spectral accelerations of key importance were assessed across a large area in the southeastern part of Türkiye. Notably, these accelerations were generally much higher than existing design spectra. A significant correlation between the observed concentration of damage and the significant amplification of motion induced by local soil conditions (such as soft soils and valley effects). The distinct tectonic structure of the region could be the main reason for the high amplification in the valleys (associated with basin effects), even at large distances from the epicenter, especially in correspondence with the bidimensional graben-type geological structures. The investigation delved into the analysis of four specific regions in detail: Antakya and Hassa (both in the Hatay province), Kahramanmaraş and Göksun. Notably, the observable valley effects were found to play a significant role and could account for the significant damage observed in these regions
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Application of two new stereographic projection techniques to slope stability problems
No full textSlope instabilities were observed in the benches of the Alipasa open pit albite mine in the Menderes Massif forming one of the tectonic zones of the Anatolides in Turkey. Tension crack patterns observed in the berms were formed depending on the discontinuity planes cutting each other in the orthogneiss rock unit Two new stereographic projection methods in the stability analyses were applied by considering two cases; the first one that used the overlay linear-element process based on the geometrical conditions relating to the ground movement directions on the survey monuments, dip direction-lines of the foliation planes and sloped bench faces, and the second one that based on the determination of relationships between tension cracks on the upper slope face and discontinuity sets into the slope forming release and lower surfaces of the sliding blocks. It is kinematicly investigated with the overlay linear-element process whether an agreement among these parameters is presence or not If there is, this case is indicated that the planar sliding was occurred on the foliation plane beforehand, or in a critical balance in terms of the planar-sliding of a slope. The proposed method will be useful to determine quickly and efficiently whether the relationships between the discontinuity sets into the rock masses and tension cracks on the berms or upper slope faces in an open pit or not In addition, whether the angular values from the kinematic analysis are in agreement with the ones directly measured from the field was also investigated. This study involved making stability assessment of the already failed and standing sloped bench faces in the open pit using the stereographic projection techniques and software. (C) 2014 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved
Fault-controlling safe slope design procedure in an open-pit mine case study: Tuncbilek-Kutahya (Turkey) coal field
No full textMiocene age coaly Tuncbilek basin (Kutahya/Turkey), which is named as "Tuncbilek Series", is located at nearly the top level of the continental sequence. Lignite coal vein is bedded nearly at the base of the M-2 unit consisting of claystone-marl interlayers. In the basin, the lignite coal vein with low dip angle (10-30 degrees) has been operated through open-pit and underground mining operations since the 1920s. At Y-2-panel where the coal will be operated with the open-pit mining technique, firstly overburden material is removed by establishing benches, the coal bed is opened up, and then the coal is taken from the panel. Different panel geometries in the field are prepared for coal production. This research aims to predict further possible debris slides which may develop due to existing faults with high dip before excavation works in open-pit mine sites and to prevent land instabilities by changing the preplanned positions of the slope portions with the help of kinematic analyses. In order to safely design the overall slopes of the Y-2 panel of Tuncbilek coal field, the relationships between the slopes and existing faults which may cause debris slides and those between the slopes and bedding planes and joints were kinematically investigated using the stereographic projection techniques before the excavations. Debris slides were determined in the slopes of A, C, H and L, wedge-type failures were determined in the slopes of B and C, and toppling failure was determined in the combined slope of E and F. The results obtained from these analyses suggest that the preplanned slope positions against probable slope instabilities should be changed to N5E/45NW for slope B, N36W/40SW for slope C, N80E/45SE for slope D, N20E/45SE for slopes E and F, N40W/45NE for slope G, N50W/45NE for slope H and N40W/45NE for slope L during the excavation phase
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
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