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Betrayal from a Psychological Perspective
No full text本稿の目的は，裏切られるという体験の心理学的背景と，心理療法における裏切りの現れ方について明らかにすることである。文献展望や臨床経験から，裏切られ体験は融合的関係とナイーヴさという二つの心理的背景を持つタイプが想定できる。融合的関係の破綻はこれまでに「幻滅」などとして考察されてきたが，自閉症スペクトラム者などに見られるナイーヴ型の裏切られ体験は筆者が新たに提示したものである。『新約聖書』におけるイスカリオテのユダの挿話を基に，裏切りが事後的に色づけられる様と，裏切られた者が超越とつながることによって裏切りが裏切りではなくなるという裏切りの道筋を描いた。さらに，阿闍世物語を基に，もう一度対象との一体感を回復することで裏切りを解消するという帰結も示した。最後に，究極的には心理療法においては常に裏切りの可能性が潜在していることを示した。なお，本稿では「甘え」や「オモテとウラ」といった日本文化と裏切りの関係についても考察している。しかし，本稿では臨床事例を扱わなかったため，具体性を持って示すことはできなかった。今後，裏切られる体験を扱った臨床的知見を積み上げることが求められる。This paper aims to investigate psychological aspects of betrayal and to seek how to deal with betrayal in psychotherapy. A literature review and the author’s clinical experience revealed two factors of betrayal—intimate relationship and naive trust. Intimate relationship breakdown has been described as disillusion, but naïve-type betrayal, which is characteristic of autistic individuals, is the author’s original idea. Next, referring to the episode of Judas Iscariot in the Gospel, the author discusses the way betrayal is dramatized retrospectively and one possible way how betrayal is seen not as betrayal when the betrayed is connected to transcendence. Furthermore, referring to Ajase story, another way is discussed in which betrayal is compromised when an intimate relationship comes again. Last it is proposed that clients are always potentially betrayed in psychotherapy. This paper also discuss the relationship between betrayal and Japanese culture including “Amae” and “Omote and Ura.”Since the paper does not contain any clinical case examples, some clinical cases including betrayal experience are needed for more specific discussion
Review of Autism Spectrum Disorder-type of“ Lack of Reality”
No full textThis paper presents a literature review regarding the "lack of reality, " which is characteristic of narratives and dreams of individuals with high-functioning Autism Spectrum Disorder and other developmental issues. This type of "lack of reality" is different from either dissociative symptoms or "false self." It is usually not felt by the subject him/herself, but felt by other people as if he/she were pretending. A literature review revealed that previous theories on "lack of reality" fall into three categories: "Lack of reality" means (1) that object is not external or public, (2) that subject's reality is not constructed by symbolic order, and thus symbolic order is not supported by otherness, and (3) that reality is not created by soul. This review enables therapists to assess client's "lack of reality" not only with the therapists' naive senses, but also from a theoretical basis
自閉スペクトラム症の対人不安に関する心理臨床学的研究
Get PDF京都大学新制・課程博士博士(教育学)甲第23399号教博第262号新制||教||203(附属図書館)京都大学大学院教育学研究科臨床教育学専攻(主査)教授 田中 康裕, 教授 河合 俊雄, 准教授 松下 姫歌学位規則第4条第1項該当Doctor of Philosophy (Education)Kyoto UniversityDGA
A Preliminary Study on Therapist’s Experiencing in Sandplay Therapy : Focus on Difference between Clinicians and Non-Clinicians
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Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
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