1,720,980 research outputs found
TNP(N2-(M-트리플루오로벤질), N6-(P-니트로벤질)퓨린) 또는 이의 약학적으로 허용가능한 염을 유효성분으로 함유하는 식욕억제용 약학적 조성물
No full textThe present invention relates to a pharmaceutical composition containing TNP (N2-(m-Trifluorobenzyl), N6-(p-nitrobenzyl)purine) or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof as an active ingredient for suppressing appetite. Particularly, TNP or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof can be effectively used as an active ingredient of a pharmaceutical composition or a nutraceutical food for suppressing appetite since it is confirmed that food intake is reduced and weight gain is inhibited in mice when the central nervous system of mice is treated with TNP
TNP(N2-(M-트리플루오로벤질), N6-(P-니트로벤질)퓨린) 또는 이의 약학적으로 허용가능한 염을 유효성분으로 함유하는 식욕억제용 약학적 조성물
No full textThe present invention relates to a pharmaceutical composition containing TNP (N2-(m-Trifluorobenzyl), N6-(p-nitrobenzyl)purine) or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof as an active ingredient for suppressing appetite. Particularly, TNP or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof can be effectively used as an active ingredient of a pharmaceutical composition or a nutraceutical food for suppressing appetite since it is confirmed that food intake is reduced and weight gain is inhibited in mice when the central nervous system of mice is treated with TNP
Primary cilia mediate mitochondrial stress responses to promote dopamine neuron survival in a Parkinson’s disease model
Full text linkA primary cilium is an antenna-like structure on the cell surface that plays a crucial role in sensory perception and signal transduction. Mitochondria, the ‘powerhouse’ of the cell, control cell survival, and death. The cellular ability to remove dysfunctional mitochondria through mitophagy is important for cell survival. We show here that mitochondrial stress, caused by respiratory complex inhibitors and excessive fission, robustly stimulates ciliogenesis in different types of cells including neuronal cells. Mitochondrial stress-induced ciliogenesis is mediated by mitochondrial reactive oxygen species generation, subsequent activation of AMP-activated protein kinase and autophagy. Conversely, abrogation of ciliogenesis compromises mitochondrial stress-induced autophagy, leading to enhanced cell death. In mice, treatment with mitochondrial toxin, MPTP elicits ciliary elongation and autophagy in the substantia nigra dopamine neurons. Blockade of cilia formation in these neurons attenuates MPTP-induced autophagy but facilitates dopamine neuronal loss and motor disability. Our findings demonstrate the important role of primary cilia in cellular pro-survival responses during mitochondrial stress. © 2019, The Author(s).1
(A) study on comparison of generalized kappa statistics in agreement analysis
No full text의학전산통계학 협동과정/석사일치도는 평가자가 표본을 여러 번 반복, 혹은 여러 평가자가 같은 표본을 측정한 결과가 어느 정도 일치하는가를 알아보는 신뢰도 평가의 척도이다. 평가의 결과가 범주형일 때 일치의 정도로 카파 통계량을 빈번하게 쓰이고 있다. 평가자가 둘인 경우에는 자료의 형태에 따라 단순 카파 통계량이나 가중 카파 통계량으로 일치도를 구하고, 평가자가 셋 이상인 경우에는 일반화 카파 통계량 을 사용한다. 본 연구의 목적은 일반화 카파 통계량으로 제시된 Fleiss(1971), Conger(1980), Randolph(2005), 그리고 Gwet(2008)의 방법들을 비교하는데 있다. 같은 조건에서 주변 확률을 변화시키면서 각 방법의 일반화 카파 통계량이 주변 동질성(marginal homogeneity)과 균형적 주변 분포(balanced marginal distribution) 여부에 어느 정도 민감하게 반응하는지 알아보고, 평가자수, 참여자수, 범주수가 변화함에 따른 추정값을 relative bias와 coverage rate을 통해 비교, 평가하였다. 비교해 본 결과, 주변 동질성에는 영향을 받지 않고 오로지 균형적 주변 분포 여부에만 영향을 받았다. 특히 Fleiss와 Conger의 방법은 균형적 주변 분포가 심하게 위배될수록 값이 매우 작아졌고, Randolph의 방법은 주변 분포에 상관이 없이 값이 일정했으며 Gwet의 방법은 균형적 주변분포가 위배될수록 오히려 관찰된 일치비율 이 값에 가까워졌다. 이 현상은 범주수가 커지면서 정도가 약해지고 값이 와 비슷해졌다. 전체적으로는 Randolph, Gwet, Conger, Fleiss의 방법 순으로 relative bias가 낮게 나타났다. Coverage rate은 Gwet, Randolph와 Conger의 방법은 높았으며 Fleiss의 방법이 현저히 낮았다. 또한 아동 환자의 수신증 자료를 통해서 네 가지 방법을 이용한 결과가 어떻게 다른지 확인할 수 있었다.restrictio
Effects of Intermittent Fasting on the Circulating Levels and Circadian Rhythms of Hormones
Full text linkIntermittent fasting has become an increasingly popular strategy in losing weight and associated reduction in obesity-related medical complications. Overwhelming studies support metabolic improvements from intermittent fasting in blood glucose levels, cardiac and brain function, and other health benefits, in addition to weight loss. However, concerns have also been raised on side effects including muscle loss, ketosis, and electrolyte imbalance. Of particular concern, the effect of intermittent fasting on hormonal circadian rhythms has received little attention. Given the known importance of circadian hormonal changes to normal physiology, potential detrimental effects by dysregulation of hormonal changes deserve careful discussions. In this review, we describe the changes in circadian rhythms of hormones caused by intermittent fasting. We covered major hormones commonly pathophysiologically involved in clinical endocrinology, including insulin, thyroid hormones, and glucocorticoids. Given that intermittent fasting could alter both the level and frequency of hormone secretion, decisions on practicing intermittent fasting should take more considerations on potential detrimental consequences versus beneficial effects pertaining to individual health conditions
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
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