238 research outputs found
Women and Men in Rural Microfinance: The Case of Jordan
No full textRajwa is a 50 years old widow in the area of Karak, with five children. Her husband died 10 years ago. In January 2000, she received a collateral-free loan of JD 2,100 (US$ 3,000) from the ACC/IFAD Income Diversification Project, repayable over 8 years. She bought 20 sheep, which have increased to 24, and went into dairy production. By September 2001, she had sold only 2 kg of goat butter and 6 kg of jameed. Everybody produces jameed and butter, there is no market, she says. She has made two payments of JD 30 each, which covers less than the interest due. ACC keeps writing letters and visiting her, but to no avail. With a loan of JD 200 for 8 months, less than one-tenth of the actual loan amount and period, Rajwa could have purchased the equipment and bought milk for dairy production instead of raising sheep. This would have given her the opportunity of testing the market and her entrepreneurial skills at a manageable risk. Now she is stuck with a bad loan and ineligible for another to go into a more profitable line of business. It was the loan terms imposed on her that made her start big - and fail big. She would like to apply for a loan to buy a sewing machine at a cost JD 120; but she is a defaulter, and the amount is too small to be financed from an ACC loan. --
Pemerolehan Bahasa Tataran Sintaksis Anak Usia 4 Tahun (Studi Kasus Amira Nadhifa Hidayah)
No full textHumans in their lives acquire language from their environment and use language. Humans use language as a means of communication. Syntax language acquisition is obtained by children gradually, from small things first and then moving on to bigger things, meaning that children master words, phrases, clauses and then sentences. A child will convey a message or desire in the form of news sentences, questions and commands. This thesis has the title of language acquisition at the syntactic level of children aged 4 years (case study of Amira Nadhifa Hidayah). The problems studied in this thesis are: (1) How is the formation of declarative sentences in children aged 4 years (case study amira Nadhifa Hidayah)? (2) How is the formation of imperative sentences in children aged 4 years (case study Amira Nadhifa Hidayah)? (3) How is the formation of interrogative sentences in children aged 4 years (case study Amira Nadhifa Hidayah)? The purpose of this study is to describe, analyze and interpret in detail and systematically in declarative, interrogative, imperative sentences that occur in children aged 4 years. The theory that the author uses in discussing this problem is the theory of Chaer (2009:187-199) and Dardjowijojo (2000:199-202). The data sources of this study were all sentences uttered by a 4 year old child (case study of Amira Nadhifa Hidayah) while the object data were declarative, interrogative, and imperative sentences in a 4 year old child in the language acquisition process. The method used is a descriptive method with data collection using listening techniques, recording techniques, fishing techniques, note-taking techniques, matching techniques. The results of this study are that there are 66 data from declarative sentences uttered by children aged 4 years (case study Amira Nadhifa Hidayah), 45 data from interrogative sentences uttered by Amira Nadhifa Hidayah and 17 data from imperative sentences uttered by Amira Nadhifa Hidayah
The impact of political skill towards organizational commitment: a case study on Petronas / Farah Amira Mohammad Zaidi
No full textThis study was conducted to study the impact of the positive relationship of political skills towards organizational commitment among Petroliam Nasional Berhad employees. It used a survey questionnaire to obtain information from the employees through judgement method. The theoretical framework of this study was based on the organizational commitment and political skills theories throughout various studies of different author. This findings of the study shows that only social astuteness and apparent sincerity did not have positive relationship with organizational commitment while interpersonal influence and networking ability do have positive relationship with organizational commitment
Guide sur les Techniques de Reproduction et de Multiplication du Caroubier en Tunisie
No full textThis guide provides a botanic and ecological description of the Carob plant, as well as technical practices and information to farmers on how to cultivate, reproduce, and multiply it in Tunisia.
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Ce guide fournit une description botanique et écologique de la plante de caroubier, ainsi que des pratiques techniques et des informations aux agriculteurs sur la façon de la cultiver, la reproduire, et de la multiplier en Tunisie. Avec ce guide, destiné aux agriculteurs, forestiers et particuliers, l’Association les Amis de CAPTE (LACT) et l’ Institut National de la Recherche du Génie Rural des Eaux et Forêts (INRGREF) souhaitent accélérer l’aménagement de systèmes agroforestiers à base de caroubiers en Tunisie
Le recours à la phyto-aromathérapie dans les maladies liées au stress dans les wilayas de Tizi-Ouzou et de Boumerdes
No full textA travers l’ensemble des enquêtes que nous avons réalisées dans la wilaya de Tizi-Ouzou et Boumerdes nous avons pu enregistrer un certain nombre d’informations relatives à l’utilisation des plantes médicinales et aromatique pour le traitement symptomatique ou de fond des affections liées au stress (Psoriasis, SII et les TCM).
A travers le questionnaire adressé au public, nous avons retenu pour notre étude 51 plantes dont la plupart sont locales. Ces différentes espèces sont utilisées pour diverses recettes médicamenteuses dans le traitement des affections liées au stress. Notre population étudiée Constituée majoritairement de femmes allant de 18 à 30 ans et le plus souvent vie en milieu urbain et que les universitaires prédomine. Notre enquête montre que les feuilles constituent la partie la plus utilisée et la méthode d’infusion et celle de décoction sont respectivement les méthodes de préparation les plus fréquemment utilisées. La population a recours majoritairement à l’utilisation du genévrier pour le traitement de Psoriasis et la menthe la sauge, la verveine et la camomille pour le traitement du syndrome de l’intestin irritable et les troubles du cycle menstruel. Le nombre le plus élevé de plantes médicinales intervenait dans le traitement du SII, suivie par les TCM.
Auprès des herboristes on a peut récolter 21 plantes dans la plupart intervenants dans le traitement symptomatique du SII, la plupart de ces plantes sont utilisées seules contrairement au tradipraticiens qui traite dans la majorité des cas par un mélange de plantes.
L’enquête auprès des pharmaciens nous a permet de recenser 24 produits à base de plantes dans la majorité sont importés et utilisés pour le traitement du SII, avec la rareté des produits pour les TCM.
Le questionnaire auprès des médecins nous a permet de recenser les différentes plantes utilisées par les patients consultants ainsi les plantes conseillées/prescrite (21plantes) par les médecins pour but de compléter un traitement conventionnel.
Mots clés : Phytothérapie - aromathérapie – Stress – Psoriasis – Syndrome de l’intestin irritable- Troubles du cycle menstruel
دليل حول تقنيات تكاثر و إكثار الخروب في تونس
No full textيقدم هذا الكتيب وصفاً نباتياً وبيئياً لزراعة الخروب، بالإضافة إلى الممارسات التقنية والمعلومات للمزارعين حول كيفية زراعته وتكاثره وإكثاره في تونس
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This guide provides a botanic and ecological description of the Carob plant, as well as technical practices and information to farmers on how to cultivate, reproduce, and multiply it in Tunisia. With this guide, aimed at farmers, foresters and private individuals, the Association les Amis de CAPTE (LACT) and the Institut National de la Recherche du Génie Rural des Eaux et Forêts (INRGREF) are seeking to speed up the development of carob-based agroforestry systems in Tunisia
Marabastad Trader's Centre for Arts
No full textDissertation (MArch(Prof))--University of Pretoria, 2010.The branding and logo designed by the author represents quality, sustainability, community spirit and pride. It is a symbol the author envisions as being part of the restoration and rehabilitation of the vibrant Marabastad neighbourhood. The symbol can be seen as a catalyst for sustainable development in Marabastad, as well as representing the future and the restoration of the Marabastad community as a whole. The City of Tshwane Metropolitan Municipality is currently investing in the Marabastad neighbourhood. A Jazz Centre is being built on the curve where Bloed Street enters the neighbourhood; this is the focus and study area of this thesis document. In the future this area will be a place where people can meet and gather freely, a freedom previously denied by the Apartheid government. South Africa’s democracy is so recent that the signs of fragmented communities can still be seen throughout the country. This fact needs to be addressed by town planners, developers and architects. The study area is only the beginning of the restoration process and represents many possibilities and opportunities; it is here where the African sun will always shine, will always create opportunities for its citizens and will always provide for them. The discourse attempts to provide a design solution that best reflects the current issues of our times. It promotes a sustainable development that is proudly South African. Culture and location is what identifies communities and people from other cities and other countries. It is what binds us as a people. Culture is best illustrated by artworks and performing arts; art is integral to a society and integral to rebuilding it in order for it to identify itself as a community. Art forms the basis of this exploration and informs the author throughout the design process. Through the use of art as a cultural guiding principle, and through the theoretical understanding of urban design and urban principles, an architectural solution can be found. CopyrightArchitectureunrestricte
Gender, war and militarism: making and questioning the links
No full textThe gender dynamics of militarism have traditionally been seen as straightforward, given the cultural mythologies of warfare and the disciplining of ‘masculinity’ that occurs in the training and use of men's capacity for violence in the armed services. However, women's relation to both war and peace has been varied and complex. It is women who have often been most prominent in working for peace, although there are no necessary links between women and opposition to militarism. In addition, more women than ever are serving in many of today's armies, with feminists rather uncertain on how to relate to this phenomenon. In this article, I explore some of the complexities of applying gender analyses to militarism and peace work in sites of conflict today, looking most closely at the Israeli feminist group, New Profile, and their insistence upon the costs of the militarized nature of Israeli society. They expose the very permeable boundaries between the military and civil society, as violence seeps into the fears and practices of everyday life in Israel. I place their work in the context of broader feminist analysis offered by researchers such as Cynthia Enloe and Cynthia Cockburn, who have for decades been writing about the ‘masculinist’ postures and practices of warfare, as well as the situation of women caught up in them. Finally, I suggest that rethinking the gendered nature of warfare must also encompass the costs of war to men, whose fundamental vulnerability to psychological abuse and physical injury is often downplayed, whether in mainstream accounts of warfare or in more specific gender analysis. Feminists need to pay careful attention to masculinity and its fragmentations in addressing the topic of gender, war and militarism
Closed-loop model of the blood pressure regulation system during postural changes: Modelling to better understand the underlying mechanisms of Orthostatic Hypotension (OH)
No full textBackground and aims: Orthostatic hypotension (OH) is a common manifestation of abnormal blood pressure (BP) regulation. The relative contribution and interaction of the physiological systems that alter or maintain adequate BP is largely unknown. Developing a closed-loop model is necessary to investigate the complex physiological function and interaction and can give a better insight in the factors contributing to OH. The aim of this study is to describe and validate a closed-loop model of the BP regulation system that describes a posture related BP drop and subsequent recovery. Methods: The procedure to validate the face-validity of the closed-loop model consists of: 1) simulating the closed-loop model and 2) subsystems separately, to compare them to equivalent experimental data; 3) evaluate model simulations based on physiological knowledge (predetermined hypotheses); and 4) evaluating which parameters dominate the closed-loop model behavior of the BP signal by performing a sensitivity analysis. Furthermore, model adjustments have been made as a first attempt to improve face-validity, i.e. control adjustments of the time-varying controlled parameters representing the autonomic regulation.Key results: For subsystem ‘cardiovascular system’ the cross-correlation coefficient and VAF for the signals indicate that the model is able to predict the behavior of the equivalent experimental data. Furthermore, adaptation of the heart rate (HR) to the change of the tilt can be seen. The BP decreases, which is detected by the autonomic nervous system which in turn increases the HR. However, the model does not compensate for the posture related BP drop. Not when systematically changing parameter values, changing parameters to optimal values simultaneously or amplifying the signals of the time-varying controlled parameters representing autonomic regulation. Conclusions: The closed-loop model shows reasonable face-validity with respect to the posture related BP drop in healthy young adults, but poor face-validity with respect to the BP recovery. Indicating that the subsystems modeling the mechanical properties of the cardiovascular system and hydrostatic pressure differences adequately represent physiology, in contrast to the subsystems aiming to actively restore BP. Future research should improve model elements representing the autonomic regulation, i.e. the control of time-varying parameters due to autonomic regulation on posture related BP changes.Biomedical Engineerin
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