1,720,986 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
Priority Treatment Leaves Grassland Restoration Vulnerable to Invasion
No full textPriority effects can be used to promote target species during restoration. Early planting can provide an advantage over later-arriving species, increasing abundance of these early-arrivers in restored communities. However, we have limited knowledge of the indirect impacts of priority effects in restoration. In particular, we do not understand how priority effects impact non-target species. Of particular conservation concern is how these priority effects influence establishment by non-native species. We use a field-based mesocosm experiment to explore the impacts of priority effects on both target and non-target species in California grasslands. Specifically, we seeded native grasses and forbs, manipulating order of arrival by planting them at the same time, planting forbs one year before grasses, planting grasses one year before forbs, or planting each functional group alone. While our study plots were tilled and weeded for the first year, the regional species pool was heavily invaded. We found that, while early-arrival of native grasses did not promote establishment of non-native species, giving priority to native forbs ultimately left our restoration mesocosms vulnerable to invasion by non-native species. This suggests that, in some cases, establishment of non-native species may be an unintended consequence of using priority treatments as a restoration tool
Warm Spring Days are Related to Shorter Durations of Reproductive Phenophases for Understory Forest Herbs
No full textABSTRACT As plants continue to respond to global warming with phenological shifts, our understanding of the importance of short‐lived heat events and seasonal weather cues has lagged relative to our understanding of plant responses to broad shifts in mean climate conditions. Here, we explore the importance of warmer‐than‐average days in driving shifts in phenophase duration for spring‐flowering woodland herbs across one growing season. We harnessed the combined power of community science and public gardens, engaging more than 30 volunteers to monitor shifts in phenology (documenting movement from one phenophase to the next) for 198 individual plants of 14 species twice per week for the 2023 growing season (March—October) across five botanic gardens in the midwestern and southeastern US. Gardens included the Holden Arboretum, Kirtland, OH; Dawes Arboretum, Newark, OH; Chicago Botanic Garden, Glencoe, IL; Missouri Botanical Garden, St. Louis, MO; and Huntsville Botanical Garden, Huntsville, AL. We tested: (1) that higher‐than‐average daily temperatures (deviation from 30‐year historical mean daily temperatures for each location) would be related to truncated phenophase durations; and (2) that phenophase durations would vary among species. Our findings support both hypotheses. We documented significant inverse relationships between positive deviations in daily temperature from historic means (e.g., warmer‐than‐average days) and durations of three reproductive phenophases: “First Bud,” “First Ripe Fruit,” and “Early Fruiting.” Similar (non‐significant) trends were noted for several other early‐season phenophases. Additionally, significant differences in mean phenophase durations were detected among the different species, although these differences were inconsistent across plant parts (vegetative, flowering, and fruiting). Results underscore the potential sensitivity of understory herb reproductive phenophases to warmer‐than‐average daily temperatures early in the growing season, contributing to our understanding of phenological responses to short‐term heat events and seasonal weather cues
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
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