56 research outputs found
The sanctuary of Despoina at Lykosoura: a Megalopolitan creation?
No full textPausanias states that the most important Parrhasian sanctuaries were duplicated in Megalopolis in the aftermath of its creation in the 4th century B.C. A noteworthy exception is the sanctuary of Despoina at Lykosoura, which was very ancient according to the author. However, the absence of epigraphical or literary evidence concerning Lykosoura and predating the synoecism and the very limited archaeological material dating to the Archaic and Classical periods suggest that it was the site of a minor cult before the synoecism. The presence of Despoina is not attested before, and it is possible that the cult of the goddess was only developed by Megalopolis, which associated to it several other Arcadian deities and gave it an ancient and local flavour, in order to assert its position as the new cult-centre of Arcadia. Similarly, the sanctuary of Demeter Eleusinia at Basilis may have only been created or developed by Megalopolis, despite its alleged antiquity. This phenomenon finds its closest parallel in the sanctuary of Andania, controlled by the city of Messene. The presence of Demeter and deities associated with her in these sanctuaries, as well as the existence of mysteries, may reflect the growing influence of the sanctuary of Eleusis during the Hellenistic period
Samozatrudnienie w świetle prawa Zjednoczonego Królestwa
No full textThe United Kingdom has noted a rapid increase in the number of self-employed persons in the last forty years. This has prompted a return to the debate on the regulation of this category of workers. What are the key characteristics of the self-employed? Are they covered by labour law and social security regulations? This chapter answers these questions by looking at the legal framework applicable to the self-employed in the UK. In section 2, the author characterizes the main tendencies regarding self-employed activity in the United Kingdom as presented in a report of the Office of National Statistics for 2020. In sections 3 and 4, she analyses the definition and the legal framework that guarantee protection applicable to the self-employed. The author places particular emphasis on the tri-partite character of the British legal system in individual employment law, which includes certain categories of self-employed in the British definition of worker. Finally, section 5 is devoted to the ever more popular phenomenon of “bogus self-employment” and the legal mechanisms designed to combat it.Przez ostatnie czterdzieści lat Zjednoczone Królestwo odnotowało gwałtowny wzrost liczby samozatrudnionych. Spowodowało to powrót do debaty nad uregulowaniami dotyczącymi tej kategorii wykonawców pracy. Jakie są główne cechy charakterystyczne samozatrudnionych? Czy podlegają oni prawu pracy i przepisom o zabezpieczeniu społecznym? Niniejszy rozdział odpowiada na powyższe pytania, analizując ramy prawne mające zastosowanie do samozatrudnionych w Wielkiej Brytanii. Autorka w punkcie 2 charakteryzuje główne tendencje w zakresie samozatrudnienia w Zjednoczonym Królestwie, które zostały przedstawione w raporcie brytyjskiego Głównego Urzędu Statystycznego (Office of National Statistics – ONS) za 2020 rok. W punktach 3 i 4 analizuje definicję i ramy prawne gwarantujące ochronę, która ma zastosowanie do samozatrudnionych. Autorka szczególny nacisk kładzie na trójpodział brytyjskiego systemu prawnego w indywidualnym prawie pracy, które włącza pewne kategorie samozatrudnionych do definicji „pracownika” (worker) obowiązującej w Zjednoczonym Królestwie. Na koniec w punkcie 5 przedstawione zostało coraz powszechniejsze zjawisko „fikcyjnego samozatrudnienia” oraz mechanizmy prawne służące do jego zwalczania
Aspirations of retailers and visitors towards the regeneration of declining streets in cities
No full text1. IntroductionCities have been described as transaction machines enabling human interaction (Stonor, 2011) with city centre retail spaces an integral part of the socio-economic fabric, acting as a centre of creativity allowing local communities to pass, relate and transact (Granger, 2010; Griffiths, 2015). Research has proven that city centre viability is essential to the sustainability of cities (Ozuduru et al., 2014), and retails’ economic and cultural role within a city requires study at multiple scales, from various theoretical viewpoints (Wrigley and Lowe, 2002).The aim of this study is to examine how businesses and visitors perceive secondary retail areas and actual and potential interventions, beginning to understand how stakeholders compare and contrast and what impacts their perceptions have upon their behaviour. The paper adds to the ongoing literature on the regeneration of the UK retail environment by providing insights into the complexity and diversity of secondary retail and how this affects implementing sustainable regeneration.Secondary retail locations have been defined as either; town centre fringe retail streets on the periphery of major town centres, urban district centres within large towns/cities or local centres which are the retail streets of small towns and villages (Hillier Parker, 2000; Tym, 2000). It is necessary to distinguish between these types of secondary shopping areas as they each have distinct issues that merit independent investigation (Tym, 2000). This research is specifically looking at peripheral streets in town centres where the hierarchical terms ‘primary retail areas’ and ‘secondary retail areas’ are used to distinguish between types of retailers present, pedestrian flows, size of retail units and rental values (Baldock et al., 2004). Primary retail areas are characterised by having a high representation of national retailers, larger units and high pedestrian flow and rental values. Secondary retail areas differ in that they are defined as having relatively small retail units and are predominantly occupied by independent retailers with low pedestrian flow and rental values. This definition concurs with definitions used in planning documentation which further state that secondary retail areas are within walking distance of primary retail areasTurner, P, et al. 2018. Aspirations of Retailers and Visitors Towards the Regeneration of Declining Streets in Cities. Future Cities and Environment, 4(1): 14, 1–12, DOI: https://doi.org/10.5334/fce.45* Energy and Climate Change Division, Sustainable Energy Research Group (www.energy.soton.ac.uk), Faculty of Engineering and the Environment, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK† Division of Building Services, Department of Architecture and Civil Engineering, Chalmers University of Technology, Göteborg, SECorresponding author: Philp Turner ([email protected])CASE STUDIESAspirations of Retailers and Visitors Towards the Regeneration of Declining Streets in CitiesPhilip Turner*, AbuBakr Bahaj* and Despoina Teli†City Centre retail spaces are integral to the sustainability of cities, and within this hierarchy secondary shopping streets, which act as hubs for local communities and businesses, have become isolated. There is now a recognised need for academic studies to reverse these trends in these areas, especially in a UK context. This work analysed and compared stakeholders’ perceptions of urban interventions in a declining secondary retail area in Southampton. The investigation was based on interviews and surveys of stakeholders, as well as observational studies enhanced through analysis of secondary data.This paper presents the outcomes of such investigations addressing the perceptions and behaviours of retailers and visitors, focusing on where these are aligned or divided. The overall results reveal that retailers are more concerned with ‘static’ improvements, such as parking provisions or building façade improvements, while visitors are concerned with active and spatial improvements, with street level interventions being the most important. The results also show that (a) whilst retailers may believe that they understand what visitors require; they differ greatly and (b) many aspirations of retailers are costly or dependant on other businesses’ intentions. Visitor’s desires: include the reuse of vacant stores and creation of public space, which are far more viable, and can be enacted by governance. Such options should be trialled as a means to educate and improve understanding of less traditional interventions. The paper also provides input on ways to make these failing areas more sustainable through a shared vision and wide applicability
Software for "Large Scale Crowdsourcing and Characterization of Twitter Abusive Behavior"
No full textThis repository consists of the custom external platform for the annotation process of CrowdFlower, used on the "Large Scale Crowdsourcing and Characterization of Twitter Abusive Behavior" paper, published in ICWSM 2018. Full text of the paper can be found here:
Please cite the paper in any published work that uses any of these resources.
@article{founta2018large,
title={Large Scale Crowdsourcing and Characterization of Twitter Abusive Behavior},
author={Founta, Antigoni-Maria and Djouvas, Constantinos and Chatzakou, Despoina and Leontiadis, Ilias and Blackburn, Jeremy and Stringhini, Gianluca and Vakali, Athena and Sirivianos, Michael and Kourtellis, Nicolas},
journal={arXiv preprint arXiv:1802.00393},
year={2018}
}
For any further questions contact a.m.founta at gmail dot com.</p
Dataset for "Large Scale Crowdsourcing and Characterization of Twitter Abusive Behavior"
No full textDataset for the publication "Large Scale Crowdsourcing and Characterization of Twitter Abusive Behavior". Antigoni-Maria Founta, Constantinos Djouvas, Despoina Chatzakou, Ilias Leontiadis, Jeremy Blackburn, Gianluca Stringhini, Athena Vakali, Michael Sirivianos and Nicolas Kourtellis. International AAAI Conference on Web and Social Media (ICWSM), 2018.
The dataset provided here includes an updated version of the original dataset, with ~100k tweets annotated using the CrowdFlower platform:
hatespeech_labels.csv: contains ~100k rows, where every row consists of a unique Tweet ID and its associated majority annotation
UPDATE: It has come to our understanding that a number of the tweets are not available anymore for download on Twitter. Therefore, upon request, we can provide one more file with the full ~100k tweet text and their associated majority labels. The tweets are shuffled so that there is no connection between tweet IDs and texts (in order to be aligned with the T&C of Twitter).
To obtain the file contact a.m.founta at gmail dot com AND antonis26papa at gmail dot com.
Please cite the paper in any published work that uses any of these resources.
@inproceedings{founta2018large,
title={Large Scale Crowdsourcing and Characterization of Twitter Abusive Behavior},
author={Founta, Antigoni-Maria and Djouvas, Constantinos and Chatzakou, Despoina and Leontiadis, Ilias and Blackburn, Jeremy and Stringhini, Gianluca and Vakali, Athena and Sirivianos, Michael and Kourtellis, Nicolas},
booktitle={11th International Conference on Web and Social Media, ICWSM 2018},
year={2018},
organization={AAAI Press}
}
For any further questions contact a.m.founta at gmail dot com.
Publication DOI: https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.1443348
Github: https://github.com/ENCASEH2020/hatespeech-twitter
The updated version of this Dataset is here: https://zenodo.org/record/2657374#.XMrDIY4zaUk</p
‘’From Law to Language: Framing responsibility under the UK Modern Slavery Act in the garment sector’’ Author: Despoina Kerasidou - s1108746 - International Business Email: [email protected] Supervisor: Dr. Nora Lohmeyer 2nd Examiner: Dr. A.U. Saka-Helmhout Date: 16-06-2025 Word count:
No full textThis thesis examines how two major UK garment retailers, ASOS and M&S, have framed their responsibilities for addressing modern slavery in response to the UK Modern Slavery Act (2015). Using framing theory and the Gioia methodology, it explores how these firms construct narratives across fifteen modern slavery statements published between 2015 and 2024. The analysis traces how diagnostic, prognostic and motivational framings evolved over time, from early moral appeals and externalized risk descriptions to more structured, procedural and strategically positioned accounts. While the companies expanded their disclosures and adopted formal governance tools, they continued to sidestep commercial drivers of exploitation. The findings suggest that responsibility was not simply reported but actively negotiated through language, allowing firms to adapt to shifting regulatory and reputational pressures. The study contributes to research on corporate transparency, framing and symbolic compliance by showing how modern slavery statements function as both ethical discourse and legitimacy work under disclosure-based regulation
Investigation of the power estimation for inland barges
No full textInland shipping is widely acknowledged as a sustainable mode of transportation due to its low energy consumption and emissions in comparison to road and rail transport. However, with growing concerns around reducing emissions in the transportation sector, there is pressure to address environmental issues associated with inland shipping. In the Netherlands, a Green Deal has been formulated to outline the goals for reducing CO2 emissions by 2030 and other environmental pollutants by 2035 in inland navigation, to enable us to take the next step towards a climate-neutral society by 2050. This increasing pressure raises the question of how to get insight of the energy consumption and the associated emissions from inland shipping. To date, an accurate method is lacking that is able to estimate the total resistance, the propulsive power and in turn the energy consumption in shallow water and thus to quantify the CO2 emissions. Over the years, several power estimation methods have been developed for inland vessels, with the Rijkswaterstaat power estimation method being one of the most widely recognized. Recently, Backer van Ommeren (2019) investigated the Rijkswaterstaat power estimation method and found that certain assumptions and parameters used in the method were not well-founded, and that some approximations were unnecessary.The main objective of this study to conduct a comprehensive literature analysis on Backer van Ommeren (2019) comments and recommendations regarding the Rijkswaterstaat (RWS) or Bolt (2003) method in order to clarify to what extent these recommendations will indeed improve the Bolt (2003) method or if an alternative power method should be proposed instead. This will be accomplished through a comparison process of the power results as a function of sailing speed, water depth, and channel dimensions for various types of inland vessels, utilizing the selected methods that will be derived from the literature study along with Backer van Ommeren (2019) recommendations applied to the original method. After coding these methods in Python and analyzing their results, the best practice(s) that will be derived from the test cases, will be implemented on two classes of motor vessels an M6 and an M8 to estimate the resistance and the power and then they will suggest to Rijkswaterstaat for potential future use.To achieve the main research objectives, the following research was conducted. Initially, a literature analysis on the available resistance methods, how they consider and divide the several resistance components, and which are the shallow water effects that affect them, was done in order to evaluate their performance in terms of power estimations. Secondly, the comments made by Backer van Ommeren were presented and analyzed. Specifically, he investigated various formulations for calculating the return flow, water level depression, and characterizing the waterway as normal, narrow, wide, or very wide. This study was accomplished through the use of specific power efficiency and resistance coefficients. Based on his study, he derived a method, the Backer method (Backer van Ommeren, 2019) and suggested a number of formulas to be further tested. After completing the literature review, the findings lead to the selection of the power methods that will be treated in this thesis and the kind of improvements that will be applied to the original Bolt (2003) method. Subsequently, from the literature study and Backer van Ommeren (2019) review, four methods were derived to be simulated and tested in this thesis. These methods include the TU Delft method, Bolt method with speed correction, Bolt method modified by Backer, and Backer method. The simulation was achieved with two rounds of tests that are conducted, firstly the “Academic test case” and secondly the “Real-world test case”. In the “Academic test case” five methods were simulated and the most promising that met specific criteria are selected. Then, in the “Real-world test case” the selected methods as they were derived from the “Academic test case”, were further evaluated for the selection of the best practice(s). The first round of tests is applied to two classes of motor vessels in narrow and wide waterways with shallow, intermediate and deep water depth conditions and the results include the total resistance and the brake power while the second round simulates only one motor vessel of class six in wide waterways for the same depth conditions as previously and the outcome includes the delivered power. The “Real-world test case” is divided in two parts. The first part includes the comparison between the estimated and the measured delivered power in order to assess the performance of the methods with the real data. The second part evaluates the performance of the methods in the presence of a current flow, by comparing the fuel consumption in upstream, downstream and round trips.The evaluation of the methods in a real-world test case led to a number of conclusions, and the best practices were recommended accordingly. It should be noted that the comparison process was based solely on a single real-world case, utilizing a singular set of real data. It is important to be conducted additional comparisons across multiple real cases in order to increase the understanding of the accuracy of the various methods being compared. In the context of power estimation in shallow water, both the Bolt (2003) method and TU Delft method(Jiang, Baart & van Koningsveld, 2022) have demonstrated remarkable accuracy in their predictions while Backer method and Bolt method modified by Backer are not recommended for power predictions. Notably, Bolt (2003) method has proven to be effective in estimating power within a speed range of 2.5m/s to 3.5m/s while TU Delft method (Jiang, Baart & van Koningsveld, 2022) showed accurate predictions within a speed range of 2.5m/s-4m/s (accurate as defined within 20% of the observed value). Regarding the intermediate and deep water conditions, only TU Delft method (Jiang, Baart & van Koningsveld, 2022) showed acceptable performance in power estimation again for sailing speeds varying 2.5 m/s – 5 m/s. The power demand at very low speeds for all the three methods display a considerable deviation between the estimated power output and the actual values, surpassing the acceptable rate of 20%. This can be attributed to two reasons. At low speeds, the interaction between a sailing vessel and the boundary layer becomes more pronounced, causing the ship to experience turbulent effects that dominate the boundary layer more intensively. As a result, the vessel experiences increased resistance, requiring more power. Secondly, in actual operating conditions, a ship has a minimum power engine setting that is dependent on the engine characteristics. So, when the ship is moored and the "hotel mode" is on, as the ship not having a separate auxiliary power unit, a propeller brake is used to allow the turbine to continue running and generate power without the propeller spinning. This effect does not consider by the power estimation methods that rely on parameters such as sailing speed and water depth. The Backer (2019) method demonstrated satisfactory performance in predicting resistance and power for both types of motor cargo vessels within narrow waterways. This method effectively accounted for the variations in depth by accurately estimating lower resistance and power demand as the depth increased. However, Its accuracy in wide waterways diminished due to the equations' unsuitability for such conditions, by generating nearly identical resistance and power estimations for the three different water depths. Based on the aforementioned restriction, it is not recommended to employ this particular approach for subsequent power estimations. As regards the Bolt method modified by Backer performs poorly in estimating resistance and power across narrow and wide waterways with varying depths. It consistently yields similar results for shallow, intermediate, and deep depths at a specific sailing speed. Therefore, it is not recommended as an improvement to the Bolt method. In the presence of current flow, three methods have shown promising results. Specifically, the TU Delft method (Jiang, Baart & van Koningsveld, 2022) is recommended for motor vessel, as it produces deviations from real measurements of 0.93% for upstream, 1.36% for downstream, and 0.45% for round trips. Also, TU Delft method (Jiang, Baart & van Koningsveld, 2022) is recommended in case of pushed and coupled convoys as it has been found to produce the smallest deviations in upstream sailing, with a maximum of 3.9% while the deviations observed for downstream sailing and round trips are around 1.9%. Bolt (2003 )method and Bolt method with speed correction, were found to produce acceptable deviation rates of around 7% for upstream trips, with the benefit that these methods require less detailed input data. Nevertheless, for downstream and round trips, the deviations were much higher, reaching up to 80% and 30%, respectively and event that requires additional investigation and validation.Civil Engineering | Hydraulic Engineerin
Computational optimization for the facade design of a nearly zero-energy high-rise office building in the temperate climate
No full textRecently, there has been a growing interest in the energy performance of high-rises, in order to increase their energy-efficiency. The graduation project focuses on the facade design of high-rises, studying the potential for a nearly Zero-Energy high-rise office building in the Netherlands, according to the BENG requirements. The research objective is to establish guidelines, for early design stages, for the facade design of a nearly Zero-Energy high rise office building in the temperate climate, supported by computational optimization. Based on the results of the optimization, facade design proposals for a reference building are suggested. Within this scope, a methodology is also developed that allows the parametric design, the energy performance evaluation and the optimization of the facade design of that type of buildings.Architecture, Urbanism and Building Sciences | Building Technology | Sustainable Desig
'KNIL' MAGAZIJNEN Community Center: Community based transformation towards a resilient future.
No full textIn the context of the H&A Shared Heritage Lab, which I am part of, crucial built heritage issues are investigated in the city of Bandung, Indonesia. Bandung has many Indonesian-Dutch heritage sites and buildings as a result of the long period of colonization by the Dutch. They are part of both Dutch and Indonesian history and have become part of the expanding cities and changing landscapes of modern-day Indonesia. The challenge of this studio is to give new meaning and use to this environment, in order to realize an inclusive, thriving and healthy city, taking past, present and future into account.As part of the Heritage & Architecture team in this Shared Heritage Lab, I focused on the development of the Railroad, and its impact on the city. While initially it was on the borders of Bandung, during the years and the expansion of it, the Railway line ended up being a dead zone in the center of the city, splitting it into two, enhancing segregation and obstructing normal every-day activities. A transformation of the Railway line into a “green belt” is proposed, that includes public and green spaces, cycle path, and a new tram line. My project is located in a former military complex along the Railroad backbone, and attempts to tackle the existing problems on a neighborhood scale. The site holds both tangible and intangible values of the shared past and is transformed in order to serve current societal needs. Through the merging of traditional and modern activities with education, the aim is to maintain and develop the cultural identity and critical cultural knowledge and practices of the community, and to create the necessary environment to equip locals with skills and motivation towards their future.The architectural process is used as a tool to empower the local communities. So the whole concept is about two things - the process and the project, centralizing the users in each phase. The design explores the values of honest materiality, craftsmanship, expressive tectonics, and vernacular sensitivity. Through the deliberate selection of materials and construction methods with the potential to be adapted by local workers, the construction process will serve as a mode of capacity building and livelihood training. The transformed complex will provide much needed space for collective activities for the surrounding communities, and at the same time it will get a new life. Involving the users in the process of making the space will create a total new meaning for them regarding this place. It will become a symbol of change manifested through their effort. Empowering local people to find their own voice, will shape the citizens of a future resilient city, while important sustainability principles integrated in the project will direct the users’ behaviors towards a greener living environment for the future. The colonial heritage is both a means and a goal in this project. It provides the necessary space, and it raises awareness at the same time. The project is not only about the building of a community center, but rather, the building of a community.Shared Heritage StudioShared Heritage Lab BandungArchitecture, Urbanism and Building Science
Restricted Dataset for "Large Scale Crowdsourcing and Characterization of Twitter Abusive Behavior"
No full textRestricted Dataset for the "Large Scale Crowdsourcing and Characterization of Twitter Abusive Behavior" paper, published in ICWSM 2018. The full text of the paper can be found here. The Public version of the dataset can be found here
hatespeech_text_label_vote_RESTRICTED_100K.csv: contains ~100K raws with tweet text, the associated majority label, and the number of votes for the majority label. The tweets are shuffled so that there is no connection between tweet IDs and texts (in order to be in line with the T&C of Twitter).
retweets.csv: contains ~2K rows, where every row consists of the row number in the hatespeech_text_label_vote_RESTRICTED_100K.csv file which is the first occurrence of a Tweet text followed by comma-separated row numbers of all other occurrences of the same Tweet text in the same file. There are ~8K other occurrences due to retweets.
Please cite the paper in any published work that uses any of these resources.
@inproceedings{founta2018large,
title={Large Scale Crowdsourcing and Characterization of Twitter Abusive Behavior},
author={Founta, Antigoni-Maria and Djouvas, Constantinos and Chatzakou, Despoina and Leontiadis, Ilias and Blackburn, Jeremy and Stringhini, Gianluca and Vakali, Athena and Sirivianos, Michael and Kourtellis, Nicolas},
booktitle={11th International Conference on Web and Social Media, ICWSM 2018},
year={2018},
organization={AAAI Press}
}
For any further questions contact a.m.founta at gmail dot com AND markos.charalambous at eecei dot cut dot ac dot c
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