1,720,963 research outputs found
Too important to ignore? : why ambiguity and broad appeals fail with rising issue salience
No full textPublished online: 27 June 2024When do voters penalize ambiguous, broad appeals? This article proposes a new argument by bringing salience into existing models of projection and ambiguity. I argue that to understand the conditions under which ambiguity fails, we must focus on the issue a politician is ambiguous on: as the salience of an issue increases for voters, they are less likely to project their own views onto ambiguous politicians and will penalize ambiguity. I find evidence for this argument using survey-experimental and observational data. The argument implies a representation challenge for mainstream politicians who try to build diverse coalitions: as dividing issues keep growing in importance, broad appeals and ambiguity become less effective, making it harder to build a coalition of voters with heterogeneous preferences.This research was supported by the project TRANSNATIONAL : 'The transnational divide : local triggers, social networks, and group identities' financed by the European Research Council under the grant agreement 885026
Persuasive politics : how parties convince in a fragmented landscape
No full textDefence date: 12 September 2023Examining Board: Prof. Elias Dinas (European University Institute); Prof. Arnout van de Rijt (European University Institute); Prof. David Broockman (University of California, Berkeley); Prof. Catherine de Vries (Bocconi University)This dissertation explores political persuasion in Europe against the backdrop of increased issue-based polarization. Leveraging two survey experiments, the first chapter shows that ambiguous appeals decline in effectiveness as voters attribute greater importance to issues. This suggests that during periods of increased polarization, mainstream political actors may struggle to form broad coalitions of voters with diverse preferences. The second chapter builds on this implication and discusses which persuasion strategies Green parties may use to appeal to a more diverse part of the electorate. It uses two survey experiments and a field experiment in collaboration with the German Greens. The third chapter uses a survey with Dutch party members and politicians to shed light on another consequence of increased issue-based polarization—the declining membership numbers of mainstream parties—and examines whether party members or politicians have a more accurate perception of voter positions. Findings indicate that party members, being less biased, may contribute significantly to improving the quality of representation. The final chapter builds upon this conclusion, using two field experiments to explore how parties might motivate their members to greater activism.Chapter 1 'Too important to ignore?' of the PhD thesis draws upon a published article 'Too important to ignore? : why ambiguity and broad appeals fail with rising issue salience' (2024) in the journal 'The journal of politics'
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Correcting misperceptions of the material benefits associated with union membership increases Americans' interest in joining unions
Get PDFPublished online: 29 April 2024How accurate are Americans’ perceptions of the material benefits associated withunion membership, and do these perceptions influence their support for, and interestin joining, unions? We explore these questions in a preregistered, survey experimentconducted on a national sample, representative of the US population on a numberof demographic benchmarks (n = 1,430). We find that Americans exhibit large andconsistent underestimates of the benefits associated with unionization, as compared toevidence from the Bureau of Labor Statistics and peer-reviewed academic research. Forexample, 89% of Americans underestimated the life-time income premium associatedwith union membership, 72% underestimated the percentage of union members whoreceive health insurance from their employer, and 97% overestimated the averageunion dues rate. We next randomly assigned half of the participants to receive a brief,informational correction conveying results of academic and government research onthe material benefits associated with union membership, or not. Those who receivedthe correction reported 11.6% greater interest in joining a union, 7.8% greater supportfor unions, and 6.9% greater interest in helping to organize a union in their workplace,as compared to the control group. These results suggest that, overall, Americans tendto underestimate the material benefits associated with unionization, misperceptions ofthese benefits are causally linked to Americans’ support for unionization, and correctingthese misperceptions increases a range of pro-union sentiments in the American mass public.This research was supported by the project TRANSNATIONAL : 'The transnational divide : local triggers, social networks, and group identities' financed by the European Research Council under the grant agreement 885026
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
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