50 research outputs found
Sputum matrix metalloproteinase-9, tissue inhibitor of metalloprotinease-1, and their molar ratio in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis and healthy subjects
No full textAbstractBackground: Matrix-metalloproteinases (MMPs) and their inhibitors, the tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinases (TIMPs), are involved in the turnover of extracellular matrix. Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) are inflammatory diseases characterized by excessive matrix degradation and tissue fibrosis. We have compared sputum concentrations of MMP-9, TIMP-1 and the controlling cytokine tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha in patients with COPD, IPF and healthy subjects. Methods: In a cross-sectional analysis, 12 patients with stable COPD, 15 patients with IPF and 14 healthy subjects underwent sputum induction. Induced sputum cells were counted and concentrations of MMP-9, TIMP-1 and TNF were measured by enzyme immunoassays. Results: Sputum neutrophils were markedly elevated in COPD and IPF patients compared with controls (P<0.001, both comparisons). Concentrations of MMP-9 and the MMP-9:TIMP-1 ratio were increased in COPD (P<0.001 vs. IPF and controls), whereas sputum TIMP-1 levels were both elevated in COPD and IPF (P<0.01 vs. controls, both comparisons). TNF levels were similar in all three groups (P>0.2, all comparisons). MMP-9 concentrations were negatively correlated with airway obstruction (FEV1%FVC) in COPD (rho=−0.62, P=0.03), but not with diffusion capacity or vital capacity (% predicted) in IPF (rho=−0.06, P=0.85, and rho=−0.3, P=0.29, respectively). MMP-9 was positively correlated with sputum neutrophils in all patients (rho=0.68, P<0.0001), and with TNF in COPD patients (rho=0.76, P=0.004). Conclusions: These data underline the significance of protease/antiprotease imbalance for the pathogenesis of inflammatory lung diseases. Despite similar cellular inflammatory patterns both in COPD and IPF sputa, marked differences were observed with regard to MMP-9:TIMP-1 balance
Indacaterol, ein neuer, langwirksamer beta2-Rezeptoragonist mit schnellem Wirkeintritt zur 1-mal täglichen Therapie der chronisch obstruktiven Lungenerkrankung (COPD)
No full textPenggunaan Aplikasi Canva Pada Perancangan Buku Wisata Desa Keditan, Kabupaten Magelang
No full textDesa Keditan merupakan salah satu desa yang berlokasi di Kabupaten Magelang. Desa Keditan adalah salah satu desa yang dikembangkan oleh pemerintah setempat menjadi sebuah desa wisata yang memiliki berbagai potensi daya tarik. Potensi daya tarik tersebut diantaranya yaitu daya tarik alam berupa pemandangan alam, hamparan
pohon pinus dan perkebunan masyarakat lokal. Untuk potensi daya tarik budayanya
ada tari-tarian dan pagelaran upacara adat, serta daya tarik buatan yaitu pengembangan sebuah kampung pinus yang banyak memiliki ragam aktivitas didalamnya. Dari berbagai potensi tersebut, penulis tertarik membuat sebuah buku yang berisikan berbagai informasi daya tarik yang ada di Desa Keditan. Dalam proses desain, rancangan ini menggunakan Canva sebagai aplikasi desain untuk membuat buku supaya terlihat lebih menarik.Keditan Village is one of the villages located in Magelang Regency. Keditan Village
is one of the villages developed by the local government to become a tourist village
that has various potential attractions. These potential attractions include natural
attractions in the form of natural scenery, expanses of pine trees and local community
plantations. For the potential for cultural attraction, there are traditional dances and
ceremonial performances, as well as an artificial attraction, namely the development
of a pine village which has many various activities in it. From these various potentials,
the author is interested in making a book that contains various information on the
attractions in Keditan Village. In the design process, this design uses Canva as a
design application to make the book look more attractive
And Then There Were Three – Time to Move Onward in COPD Drug Development Beyond LAMA/LABA/ICS at Last?
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Pulmonary Therapy: Looking back on 2018 and forward to 2019
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text
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If you are an author of this publication and would like to provide additional
enhanced digital features for your article then please contact [email protected].
The journal offers a range of additional features designed to increase
visibility and readership. All features will be thoroughly peer reviewed to
ensure the content is of the highest scientific standard and all features are
marked as ‘peer reviewed’ to ensure readers are aware that the content has been
reviewed to the same level as the articles they are being presented alongside.
Moreover, all sponsorship and disclosure information is included to provide
complete transparency and adherence to good publication practices. This ensures
that however the content is reached the reader has a full understanding of its
origin. No fees are charged for hosting additional open access content.
Other enhanced features include, but are not limited to:
• Slide decks
• Videos and animations
• Audio abstracts
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Pulmonary Therapy 2020 Update and Podcast: Meet the Journal’s Editors-in-Chief
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© The authors, CC-BY-NC 2020. </p
Environmental toxicity, redox signaling and lung inflammation:the role of glutathione
No full textGlutathione (gamma-glutamyl-cysteinyl-glycine, GSH) is the most abundant intracellular antioxidant thiol and is central to redox defense during oxidative stress. GSH metabolism is tightly regulated and has been implicated in redox signaling and also in protection against environmental oxidant-mediated injury. Changes in the ratio of the reduced and disulfide form (GSH/GSSG) can affect signaling pathways that participate in a broad array of physiological responses from cell proliferation, autophagy and apoptosis to gene expression that involve H(2)O(2) as a second messenger. Oxidative stress due to oxidant/antioxidant imbalance and also due to environmental oxidants is an important component during inflammation and respiratory diseases such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis, acute respiratory distress syndrome, and asthma. It is known to activate multiple stress kinase pathways and redox-sensitive transcription factors such as Nrf2, NF-kappaB and AP-1, which differentially regulate the genes for pro-inflammatory cytokines as well as the protective antioxidant genes. Understanding the regulatory mechanisms for the induction of antioxidants, such as GSH, versus pro-inflammatory mediators at sites of oxidant-directed injuries may allow for the development of novel therapies which will allow pharmacological manipulation of GSH synthesis during inflammation and oxidative injury. This article features the current knowledge about the role of GSH in redox signaling, GSH biosynthesis and particularly the regulation of transcription factor Nrf2 by GSH and downstream signaling during oxidative stress and inflammation in various pulmonary diseases. We also discussed the current therapeutic clinical trials using GSH and other thiol compounds, such as N-acetyl-l-cysteine, fudosteine, carbocysteine, erdosteine in environment-induced airways disease
How Do Dual Long-acting Bronchodilators Prevent Exacerbations of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease?
No full textDecreasing the frequency and severity of exacerbations is one of the main goals of treatment for patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Several studies have documented that long-acting bronchodilators (LABDs) can reduce exacerbation rate and/or severity, and others have shown that combinations of long-acting β2-adrenergic agonists (LABAs) and long-acting muscarinic antagonists (LAMAs) provide greater reductions in exacerbation frequency than either their monocomponents or LABA/inhaled corticosteroids (LABA/ICS) combinations in patients at low and high risk for these events. In this review, small groups of experts critically evaluated mechanisms potentially responsible for the increased benefit of LABA/LAMA combinations over single LABDs or LABA/ICS in decreasing exacerbation. These included effects on lung hyperinflation and mechanical stress, inflammation, excessive mucus production with impaired mucociliary clearance, and symptom severity. The data assembled and analyzed by each group were reviewed by all authors and combined into this manuscript. Available clinical results support the possibility that effects of LABA/LAMA combinations on hyperinflation, mucociliary clearance, and symptom severity may all contribute to decreasing exacerbations. While preclinical studies suggest LABAs and LAMAs have anti-inflammatory effects, such effects have not been demonstrated yet in patients with COPD
Emergency Room Visits and Rescue Medication Use in Patients with Asthma in the IRIDIUM Study and Their Impact on Carbon Footprint
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