318 research outputs found
Sexualität - (k)ein Thema in der Hochschulausbildung?: Entwicklung einer hochschuldidaktischen Ausbildungskonzeption für Sexualpädagogik
No full textWrede B, Hunfeld M. Sexualität - (k)ein Thema in der Hochschulausbildung?: Entwicklung einer hochschuldidaktischen Ausbildungskonzeption für Sexualpädagogik. Wissenschaftliche Reihe ; 61. Bielefeld: Kleine; 1997
Effects of anesthetic agents on seizure-induction with intra-cortical injection of convulsants
No full textAvailable online 26 January 2013RationaleStudies of partial or generalized seizure pathophysiology often require the use of intact animals. Additionally, anesthesia may be required for ethical reasons or paralysis if instrumental measures require immobilization. We examined three commonly used injected anesthetic for their impact on seizures induced by three convulsant agents.MethodsWe prepared rats, under pentobarbitone anesthesia (65 mg/kg) with a catheter, electrodes and a dural window, for later non-noxious experimentation. Three to seven days later, kainic acid (1.25 μg), picrotoxin (225 ng) or fluorocitrate (0.8 nmol) were injected intra-cortically in animals paralysed with succinylcholine, or anesthetised with pentobarbitone, urethane or fentanyl plus droperidol. We recorded EEG activity, the latencies to seizure discharges, the occurrence of spreading depressions and the presence of movements in response to the convulsants.ResultsFentanyl plus droperidol was the only anesthetic agent permissive for seizure-discharges and spreading depressions. No significant differences in the time for seizure onset for fentanyl plus droperidol compared to paralyzed unanesthetised rats were seen for any of the convulsants (Student's t-test p>0.20). Movements during seizures as well as other drug-induced behaviors continued to be expressed during anesthesia.ConclusionFentanyl plus droperidol has useful properties as an anesthetic agent in studies of seizure induction with different convulsants.M. Hunfeld, K.J. Pope, S.P. Fitzgibbon, J.O. Willoughby, M. Brober
Evaluating frequency, diagnostic quality, and cost of Lyme borreliosis testing in Germany : a retrospective model analysis
No full textBackground: Data on the economic impact of Lyme borreliosis (LB) on European health care systems is scarce. This project focused on the epidemiology and costs for laboratory testing in LB patients in Germany.
Materials and Methods: We performed a sentinel analysis of epidemiological and medicoeconomic data for 2007 and 2008. Data was provided by a German statutory health insurance (DAK) company covering approx. 6.04 million members. In addition, the quality of diagnostic testing for LB in Germany was studied.
Results: In 2007 and 2008, the incident diagnosis LB was coded on average for 15,742 out of 6.04 million insured members (0.26%). 20,986 EIAs and 12,558 immunoblots were ordered annually for these patients. For all insured members in the outpatient sector, a total of 174,820 EIAs and 52,280 immunoblots were reimbursed annually to health care providers (cost: 2,600,850€). For Germany, the overall expected cost is estimated at 51,215,105€. However, proficiency testing data questioned test quality and standardization of diagnostic assays used.
Conclusion: Findings from this study suggest ongoing issues related to care for LB and may help to improve future LB disease management
Bakteriologische Infektionsserologie: Veraltet oder doch noch wichtig?
No full textThe discovery of the Gruber-Widal reaction is essential for the diagnosis of infections. Despite significant advances in modern molecular biological assays, the detection of pathogen-specific antibodies using immunological methods is still essential for the diagnosis of pathogens from blood and cerebrospinal fluid. The advantage of indirect diagnosis of bacterial pathogens by serological tests is that an immune reaction can also be detected against microorganisms that are difficult-to-cultivate or slow-growing, and can hardly be detected by conventional culture or molecular methods. However, the difficulty of assessment lies in the fact that no clear conclusions about the need for treatment or the success of the therapy can be derived from serological results alone. The limitations of these methods, however, also cannot be fully remedied by molecular biological methods, and therefore there is currently no perfect alternative to the use of infectious immunological detection methods. Ongoing problems with the quality of serological tests and the still inadequate regulatory efforts of the supervisory authorities make it absolutely necessary to carry out external quality control measures such as round robin tests.Die Entdeckung der Gruber-Widal-Reaktion gilt als grundlegend für die Infektionsdiagnostik. Der Nachweis erregerspezifischer Antikörper durch immunologische Methoden ist, trotz bedeutender Fortschritte moderner molekularbiologischer Assays, als indirekter Erregernachweis weiterhin maßgeblich für die Diagnose von Krankheitserregern aus Blut und Liquor. Der Vorteil einer indirekten Diagnose bakterieller Krankheitserreger durch serologische Tests liegt darin, dass eine Immunreaktion auch gegen Mikroorganismen nachgewiesen werden kann, die schwer zu kultivieren oder langsam wachsend sind und mit kultur- oder molekularbiologischen Methoden kaum nachgewiesen werden können. Die Schwierigkeit der Beurteilung besteht allerdings darin, dass allein aus serologischen Ergebnisse nicht immer eindeutige Aussagen über die Behandlungsnotwendigkeit oder den Erfolg der Therapie abgeleitet werden können. Die Einschränkungen, die diese Verfahren liefern, sind aber auch durch molekularbiologische Ansätze nicht immer zu verbessern. Daher gibt es derzeit für den Einsatz infektionsimmunologischer Nachweismethoden keine echte Alternative. Derzeit fortbestehende Qualitätsdefizite der serologischen Diagnostik und die bislang unzureichenden Regulierungsbemühungen der Aufsichtsbehörden machen die Durchführung von externen Qualitätskontrollmaßnahmen wie z.B. Ringversuchen unbedingt notwendig
Towards sustainability for medical devices and consumables:: The radical and incremental challenges in the technology ecosystem
No full textGreen Open Access added to TU Delft Institutional Repository 'You share, we take care!' - Taverne project https://www.openaccess.nl/en/you-share-we-take-care Otherwise as indicated in the copyright section: the publisher is the copyright holder of this work and the author uses the Dutch legislation to make this work public.Policy AnalysisDesign for Sustainabilit
Zur Qualität bakteriologisch-infektionsserologischer Verfahren in Deutschland: Auswertung der infektionsserologischen Ringversuche 2016
No full textSerological testing that detects pathogen-specific antibodies and antigens remains the diagnostic gold standard in infection serology. Therefore, it is crucial to have standardized and accurate assays. Serological tests can also help to improve the quality of treatment and patient care. This paper summarizes and discusses the results of the proficiency testing trials for bacteriological infection serology that were conducted in Germany in 2016.Serologische Tests zum Nachweis von erregerspezifischen Antikörpern und Antigenen sind nach wie vor ein diagnostischer Goldstandard in der Infektionsserologie. Daher sind standardisierte und genaue Testverfahren äußerst wichtig. Sie können auch dazu beitragen, die Qualität der Behandlung und Patientenversorgung zu verbessern. In der vorliegenden Arbeit werden die Ergebnisse der bakteriologischen Infektionsserologie in Ringversuchen für das Jahr 2016 in Deutschland zusammengefasst und diskutiert
SYBR Green I/PI assay applied to MIC test on <i>Borrelia burgdorferi</i><sup>a</sup>.
No full texta.<p>The values in the table represent the mean Green/Red fluorescence ratios of three replicates. The results of triplicate microscope testing were correspondent.</p>b.<p>Direct microscope counting results (+: grow, −: no grow) are shown in brackets.</p>c.<p>MIC breakpoints determined by SYBR Green I/PI assay are shown in boldface.</p>d.<p>Hunfeld, K. P. and V. Brade (2006). See reference <a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0111809#pone.0111809-Hunfeld1" target="_blank">[19]</a>.</p>e.<p>Sapi, E., et al. See reference <a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0111809#pone.0111809-Sapi2" target="_blank">[6]</a>.</p><p>SYBR Green I/PI assay applied to MIC test on <i>Borrelia burgdorferi</i><sup>a</sup>.</p
Zoonotic Babesia: Possibly emerging pathogens to be considered for tick-infested humans in central Europe
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