14,874 research outputs found
Robert Louis Stevenson and Joseph Conrad: Writers of Transition
No full textThis edited book is the first complete book-length study to consider the work of Robert Louis Stevenson and Joseph Conrad within the same framework. It contains essays from internationally renowned scholars of both authors and seeks to reposition Stevenson as an author whose work should be considered alongside that of Conrad and as an author whose influence is more significant than has previously been acknowledged
Food additives and children's behaviour: evidence based policy at the margins of certainty
No full textThe possible effects of food additives (specifically artificial colours) have been debated for over 30 years. The evidence accumulated suggests that for some children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) food colours exacerbate their condition. Two studies
undertaken by a research group at the University of Southampton have extended these findings to the effects on hyperactivity in children from the general population who do not show ADHD. This article reviews the response from policy-makers to these findings and concludes that the failure to impose a mandatory ban on the six food colours in the Southampton study is inadequate and that such a ban would be an appropriate application of the precautionary principle when the evidence is considered to be at the margins of certaint
Revisiting Robert Louis Stevenson in the Pacific
No full textIn this Archive Case display, artists Simon Grennan and Soloman Enos re-examine the work of nineteenth century author Robert Louis Stevenson through dynamic graphic storytelling. Stevenson travelled to several Pacific islands before settling in Sāmoa in 1890. Referencing this time in Sāmoa, as well as Hawai’i and Europe, related items are brought together from the Museum's Pacific collections and displayed alongside historical publications of Stevenson's Pacific stories, set within new graphic remediations of these stories as comics by British and Hawaiian artists. The illustration-led display explores the journey of ideas across media (remediation) in the nineteenth and twenty-first centuries, Robert Louis Stevenson’s fascination with ‘the foreign', and post-colonialism in the Pacific, including new poetry focused on Hawaiian, Samoan and European post-colonialism.
The display at the Pitt Rivers Museum celebrates work that is part of a wider research project 'Remediating Stevenson', led by a UK research team (Michelle Keown, Shari Sabeti and Alice Kelly, Edinburgh University; and Simon Grennan, Chester University), in partnership with the National University of Sāmoa. The project explores Robert Louise Stevenson's Pacific fiction, travels, and friendship with Indigenous Pacific communities. The Remediating Robert Louis Stevenson project is producing the first ever multilingual graphic adaptation of the three stories from Robert Louis Stevenson's Island Nights' Entertainments (1893). The project is also commissioning new poetry by indigenous Pacific authors, and developing a set of accompanying teaching resources for use in Sāmoa, Hawai’i and Scotland through participatory arts workshops and film-making.Remediating Stevenson: Decolonising Robert Louis Stevenson's Pacific Fiction through Graphic Adaptation, Arts Education and Community Engagement | Funder: Arts and Humanities Research Council | Grant ID: AH/W007010/
Bryan Stevenson: Lawyer, Social Justice Activist, Founder and Executive Director of the Equal Justice Initiative
No full textBryan Stevenson is a lawyer, social justice activist, and founder and executive director of the Equal Justice Initiative. He is a graduate of Harvard Law School and founder and executive director of the Equal Justice Initiative, which seeks to eliminate injustice and mass incarceration. In 2018, the Equal Justice Initiative opened the Legacy Museum in Montgomery, Alabama, which documents slavery, lynching and discrimination in the United States.
Stevenson and his staff members have won relief or release for more than 125 prisoners on death row. Stevenson also is a law professor at New York University and author of Just Mercy. Nobel Peace Prize recipient Desmond Tutu has called him America\u27s young Nelson Mandela. Stevenson has received a MacArthur Foundation genius grant and was named one of Time\u27s 100 Most Influential People in 2015
2015 Commencement Address: Bryan A. Stevenson
No full textBryan A. Stevenson, founder and executive director of the Equal Justice Initiative (EJI) in Montgomery, Alabama, will receive an honorary degree from the College of the Holy Cross and address this year’s graduates during the College’s Commencement ceremonies on Friday, May 22 at 10:30 a.m. ET on the campus. Stevenson is the widely acclaimed public interest lawyer who has dedicated his career to helping the poor, the incarcerated, and the condemned. Under his leadership, EJI has won major legal challenges eliminating excessive and unfair sentencing, exonerating innocent death row prisoners, confronting abuse of the incarcerated and the mentally ill, and aiding children prosecuted as adults. Stevenson has successfully argued several cases in the Supreme Court of the United States, and recently won an historic ruling banning mandatory life-without-parole sentences for all children 17 or younger as unconstitutional. For his work fighting poverty and challenging racial discrimination in the criminal justice system, Stevenson has received numerous awards including the American Bar Association\u27s Wisdom Award for Public Service, the MacArthur Foundation Fellowship Award Prize, the ACLU National Medal of Liberty, the National Public Interest Lawyer of the Year Award, the Gruber Prize for International Justice, and the Ford Foundation Visionaries Award. Author of the acclaimed and bestselling book, Just Mercy: A Story of Justice and Redemption (Spiegel and Grau/Random House, 2014), Stevenson is a graduate of Harvard Law School and the John F. Kennedy School of Government at Harvard University. Just Mercy was named by Time Magazine one of the 10 best books of nonfiction for 2014, and has been awarded several honors including the 2015 NAACP Image Award for outstanding nonfiction literary work. Stevenson’s 2012 TED talk, “We need to talk about an injustice,” has received more than two million views.https://crossworks.holycross.edu/commence_address/1001/thumbnail.jp
DNA fusion gene vaccination mobilizes effective anti-leukemic cytotoxic T lymphocytes from a tolerized repertoire
No full textThe majority of known human tumor-associated antigens derive from non-mutated self proteins. T cell tolerance, essential to prevent autoimmunity, must therefore be cautiously circumvented to generate cytotoxic T cell responses against these targets. Our strategy uses DNA fusion vaccines to activate high levels of peptide-specific CTL. Key foreign sequences from tetanus toxin activate tolerance-breaking CD4+ T cell help. Candidate MHC class Ibinding tumor peptide sequences are fused to the C terminus for optimal processing and presentation. To model performance against a leukemia-associated antigen in a tolerized setting, we constructed a fusion vaccine encoding an immunodominant CTL epitopederived from Friend murine leukemia virus gag protein (FMuLVgag) and vaccinated tolerant FMuLVgag-transgenic (gag-Tg) mice. Vaccination with the construct induced epitopespecificIFN-c-producing CD8+ T cells in normal and gag-Tg mice. The frequency and avidity of activated cells were reduced in gag-Tg mice, and no autoimmune injury resulted. However, these CD8+ T cells did exhibit gag-specific cytotoxicity in vitro and in vivo. Also, epitope-specific CTL killed FBL-3 leukemia cells expressing endogenous FMuLVgag antigen and protected against leukemia challenge in vivo. These results demonstrate a simple strategy to engage anti-microbial T cell help to activate epitope-specific polyclonal CD8+ T cell responses from a residual tolerized repertoire
Follicular lymphoma and the immune system: from pathogenesis to antibody therapy
No full textFollicular lymphoma (FL) is a B-cell tumor arising in germinal centers and retaining features of its normal B-cell counterpart. Lymphomagenesis appears stepwise from the t(14;18) translocation, through FL-like cells, to FL in situ, then to overt FL. Surface Ig is mandatory and carries a striking V-region modification because of introduction of glycan addition sites during somatic mutation. These are positively selected and acquire unusual high mannoses, which interact with lectins. The Ig-associated mannoses appear essential for FL, providing a disease- specific target for antibody attack. Antibody therapy is currently focused on anti-CD20 (rituximab), which appears to rely predominantly on the Fc? module recruiting suitably activated macrophages. Immunogloblulin and, to some extent, CD20, can each escape antibody attack in vitro by modulation, but this is difficult to demonstrate clinically. Instead, studies of anti-CD20 therapy of FL suggest that effector modulation, similar to that seen in the suppression of autoimmune inflammation by infusions of normal human IgG, may be important. Both antigenic and effector modulations might be minimized by repeated small doses of more potent antibodies. Clearly, mechanisms of attack vary with the malignancy, the target molecule, and the antibody design, offering opportunities for optimizing this promising strategy
The essential microenvironmental role of oligomannoses inserted into the antigen-binding sites of lymphoma cells
No full textThere are two mandatory features added sequentially en route to classical follicular lymphoma (FL): first the t(14;18) translocation which upregulates BCL2; second the introduction of sequence motifs into the antigen-binding sites of the B-cell receptor (BCR), where oligomannose-type glycan is added. Further processing of the glycan is blocked by complementarity-determining-region (CDR)-specific steric hindrance, leading to exposure of mannosylated Ig to the microenvironment. This allows interaction with the local lectin, DC-SIGN, expressed by tissue macrophages and follicular dendritic cells. The major function of DC-SIGN is to engage pathogens, but this is subverted by FLcells. DC-SIGN induces tumor-specific low-level BCR signaling in FL cells and promotes membrane changes with increased adhesion to VCAM-1 via proximal kinases and actin regulators , but, in contrast to engagement by anti-Ig, avoids endocytosis and apoptosis. These interactions appear mandatory for early development of FL prior to acquisition of other accelerating mutations. BCRassociated mannosylation can be found in a subset of germinal-center B-cell-like DLBCL (GCB-DLBCL) with t(14;18), tracking those cases back to FL. This category was associated with more aggressive behavior, and both FL and transformed cases, and potentially a significant number of cases ofBurkitt’s lymphoma which also have sites for N-glycan addition, could benefit from antibodymediated blockade of the interaction with DC-SIGN
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