32 research outputs found
Antitumor studies. Part 4: Design, synthesis, antitumor activity, and molecular docking study of novel 2-substituted 2-deoxoflavin-5-oxides, 2-deoxoalloxazine-5-oxides, and their 5-deaza analogs
No full textVarious novel 10-alkyl-2-deoxo-2-methylthioflavin-5-oxides and their 2-alkylamino derivatives were prepared by facile nitrosative cyclization of 6-(N-alkylanilino)-2-methylthiopyrimidin-4(3H)-ones followed by nucleophilic replacement of the 2-methylthio moiety by different amines, and acidic hydrolysis of the 2-methylthio moiety afforded the corresponding flavin derivatives. 2-Deoxo-2-methylthio-5-deazaalloxazines and 2-deoxo-2-methylthioalloxazine-5-oxides were also prepared by Vilsmeier reaction and by nitrosation of 6-anilino-2-methylthiopyrimidin-4(3H)-ones, respectively. Then, they were subjected to nucleophilic replacement with appropriate amines to produce the corresponding 2-alkylamino derivatives. Regiospecific N-3-alkylation of 2-deoxo-2-methylthioalloxazine-5-oxides was carried out with various alkylating agents in the usual way, The antitumor activities against CCRF-HSB-2 and KB tumor cells have been investigated in vitro, and many compounds showed promising antitumor activities. Furthermore, AutoDock molecular docking into PTK (PDB: 1t46) has been done for lead optimization of the aforementioned compounds as potential PTK inhibitors
Russian factory inspection (1882-1918): cui bono?
No full textThis study deals with history of important state institution in late Russian Empire - factory inspection. Such aspects of institutional development as evolution of legislative regulations, growth of staff, and complication of functions (and particularly, mediation in labour conflicts) are scrutinized. This paper presents some results on Russian experience of labour law implementation seeking to determine and evaluate the role and efficiency of Russian factory inspectors in conflicting triangle of relations among state, industrialists and workers.labour law ; factory inspection ; labour conflicts ; Russia
Use of plays for eliminating the phonetic – phonematic disturbances of 5-6 years old children
No full textDarba nosaukums: Rotaļu izmantošana fonētiski fonemātisko traucējumu novēršanai 5 - 6 gadus veciem bērniem.
Darbs sastāv no ievada, teorētiskās daļas, praktiskās daļas, nobeiguma un secinājumiem, 8 pielikumiem.
Darba ievadā autore pamato izvēlētās tēmas aktualitāti un nozīmību savā darbā. Darba teorētiskā daļa balstās uz A. Ļubļinskas, I. Puškareva, G. Svences, A. Golubevas, D. Lieģenieces, I. Miltiņas, S. Tūbeles, T. Fiļičevas, G. Čirkinas, D.Dzinteres, R. Bošas u. c. teorētiskajām atziņām. Teorētiskajā daļā tika apskatīti un analizēti šādi jautājumi: 5 - 6 gadus vecu bērnu vispārīgās, pedagoģiski psiholoģiskās individuālās, kā arī valodas un runas attīstības īpatnības, galvenās teorētiskās atziņas par rotaļas nozīmi kā pirmskolas vecuma bērnu attīstības sekmētāju, kā arī tika analizēta rotaļas nozīme fonemātiskās uztveres pilnveidošanas darbībā. Teorētiski izzinātās atziņas palīdzēja izveidot rotaļu nodarbību sistēmu, kas palīdz attīstīt fonētiski fonemātisko uztveri pirmskolas vecuma bērniem un praktiski to lietot ne tikai pirmsskolas iestādē, bet arī ģimenē. Pētījuma praktiskajā daļā tika apsekota bērnu skaņu izruna, fonemātiskās uztveres līmenis mācību gada sākumā, veikts korekcijas darbs ar rotaļu palīdzību. Tiek apkopoti un analizēti rezultāti. Autore secina, ka aktivizējot fonemātisko uztveri, uzlabojas bērna fonemātiskā dzirde, nozīmīgs priekšnosacījums ir sadarbības veicināšana ar bērna ģimeni.
Atslēgvārdi: pirmsskolas vecuma bērns, fonētiski fonemātiskie traucējumi, fonemātiskā uztvere, fonemātiskā dzirde, rotaļa.The theme of paper: Use of plays for eliminating the phonetic – phonematic disturbances of 5 – 6 years old children
The paper consists of an introduction, theoretical part, practical part, conclusions and 8 additions.
In the introduction author fortifies urgency of theme. In the theoretical part are summarizes and analyze the thoughts of pedagogue and psychologists. The theoretical basement of paper is A. Lublynska, I. Pushkareva, G. Svence, A. Golubeva, D.Liegeniece, I. Miltinja, S. Tubele, T. Filjicheva, G. Tsirkina, D. Dzintere, and R. Bosha. In the theoretical part of paper are reweaves and analysis of commonly and individual development language of 5 – 6 years old children. There are theoretical researches of materials about using games and plays process of language activation in phonetic perception.
The practical part of the research reveals how empirically tested game’s and plays impact preschool children’s language development and results. Results are united and analyzed.
Key-words: preschool period, child, phonetic – phonematic disturbances, phonetic perception, phonetic audition, play
Analysis of Hydrogen Gas Production Results in Water Electrolysis Process on Genset Characteristics
No full textHydrogen gas is a type of alternative fuel for transportation that can serve a number of other potential needs. Water electrolysis is one way to get hydrogen gas. This study aims to determine the results of water electrolysis with three catalysts and mixed metal electrodes which are then applied to generator motor engines. The research method used was an experimental method with variations in electrolysis using KOH and NaOH base catalysts, H2SO4 acid catalysts, and stainless steel 316 electrodes. The best results for H2 gas production in this study were obtained with a 2M H2SO4 catalyst with a gas yield of 244.9mL H2 gas, while The lowest yield in this study was the 1M concentration of 1M NaOH catalyst of 12.5mL. The best results for H2 gas production were varied with pertalite fuel and then tested with a generator engine. Testing the generator motor engine is measured arm length and mass with a machine dynamometer. After testing, the data is obtained which is then analyzed to obtain the value of torque (Nm) and electric motor power (kW), and driving motor power (HP). The maximum energy produced pertalite + H2 gas has increased by 2.27kW on the electric motor and power of 4.13HP on the driving motor, while for pertalite fuel alone the power generated is 1.44kW on the electric motor and power of 2.62HP on the driving motor.[1]       S. A. Grigoriev, V. N. Fateev, D. G. Bessarabov, and P. Millet, “Current status, research trends, and challenges in water electrolysis science and technology,†Int. J. Hydrogen Energy, vol. 45, no. 49, pp. 26036–26058, 2020, doi: 10.1016/j.ijhydene.2020.03.109.[2]       Y. Song, X. Zhang, K. Xie, G. Wang, and X. Bao, “High-Temperature CO2 Electrolysis in Solid Oxide Electrolysis Cells: Developments, Challenges, and Prospects,†Adv. Mater., vol. 31, no. 50, pp. 1–18, 2019, doi: 10.1002/adma.201902033.[3]       A. Nechache and S. Hody, “Alternative and innovative solid oxide electrolysis cell materials: A short review,†Renew. Sustain. Energy Rev., vol. 149, 2021, doi: 10.1016/j.rser.2021.111322.[4]       O. Schmidt, A. Gambhir, I. Staffell, A. Hawkes, J. Nelson, and S. Few, “Future cost and performance of water electrolysis: An expert elicitation study,†Int. J. Hydrogen Energy, vol. 42, no. 52, pp. 30470–30492, 2017, doi: 10.1016/j.ijhydene.2017.10.045.[5]       S. Wang, A. Lu, and C. J. Zhong, “Hydrogen production from water electrolysis: role of catalysts,†Nano Converg., vol. 8, no. 1, 2021, doi: 10.1186/s40580-021-00254-x.[6]       N. A. Burton, R. V. Padilla, A. Rose, and H. Habibullah, “Increasing the efficiency of hydrogen production from solar powered water electrolysis,†Renew. Sustain. Energy Rev., vol. 135, no. July 2020, p. 110255, 2021, doi: 10.1016/j.rser.2020.110255.[7]       J. Brauns and T. Turek, “Alkaline water electrolysis powered by renewable energy: A review,†Processes, vol. 8, no. 2, 2020, doi: 10.3390/pr8020248.[8]       S. Anwar, F. Khan, Y. Zhang, and A. Djire, “Recent development in electrocatalysts for hydrogen production through water electrolysis,†Int. J. Hydrogen Energy, vol. 46, no. 63, pp. 32284–32317, 2021, doi: 10.1016/j.ijhydene.2021.06.191.[9]       W. Tong et al., “Electrolysis of low-grade and saline surface water,†Nat. Energy, vol. 5, no. 5, pp. 367–377, 2020, doi: 10.1038/s41560-020-0550-8.[10]     T. Nguyen, Z. Abdin, T. Holm, and W. Mérida, “Grid-connected hydrogen production via large-scale water electrolysis,†Energy Convers. Manag., vol. 200, no. September, p. 112108, 2019, doi: 10.1016/j.enconman.2019.112108.[11]     A. Buttler and H. Spliethoff, “Current status of water electrolysis for energy storage, grid balancing and sector coupling via power-to-gas and power-to-liquids: A review,†Renew. Sustain. Energy Rev., vol. 82, no. February, pp. 2440–2454, 2018, doi: 10.1016/j.rser.2017.09.003.[12]     I. V. Pushkareva, A. S. Pushkarev, S. A. Grigoriev, P. Modisha, and D. G. Bessarabov, “Comparative study of anion exchange membranes for low-cost water electrolysis,†Int. J. Hydrogen Energy, vol. 45, no. 49, pp. 26070–26079, 2020, doi: 10.1016/j.ijhydene.2019.11.011.[13]     L. Peng and Z. Wei, “Catalyst Engineering for Electrochemical Energy Conversion from Water to Water: Water Electrolysis and the Hydrogen Fuel Cell,†Engineering, vol. 6, no. 6, pp. 653–679, 2020, doi: 10.1016/j.eng.2019.07.028.[14]     S. Klemenz, A. Stegmüller, S. Yoon, C. Felser, H. Tüysüz, and A. Weidenkaff, “Holistic View on Materials Development: Water Electrolysis as a Case Study,†Angew. Chemie - Int. Ed., vol. 60, no. 37, pp. 20094–20100, 2021, doi: 10.1002/anie.202105324.[15]     H. K. Ju, S. Badwal, and S. Giddey, “A comprehensive review of carbon and hydrocarbon assisted water electrolysis for hydrogen production,†Appl. Energy, vol. 231, no. May, pp. 502–533, 2018, doi: 10.1016/j.apenergy.2018.09.125.[16]     F. ezzahra Chakik, M. Kaddami, and M. Mikou, “Effect of operating parameters on hydrogen production by electrolysis of water,†Int. J. Hydrogen Energy, vol. 42, no. 40, pp. 25550–25557, 2017, doi: 10.1016/j.ijhydene.2017.07.015.[17]     F. Gutiérrez-MartÃn, L. Amodio, and M. Pagano, “Hydrogen production by water electrolysis and off-grid solar PV,†Int. J. Hydrogen Energy, vol. 46, no. 57, pp. 29038–29048, 2021, doi: 10.1016/j.ijhydene.2020.09.098
Evaluation of cardiovascular risk factors for medical workers of an urban multidisciplinary hospital
No full textAim. To assess the prevalence of various risk factors (RF) for cardiovascular diseases (CVD) among employees of a multi-field hospital (Moscow City Clinical Hospital № 29).Material and methods. We determined blood pressure, weight, height, waist circumference, blood lipid and glucose levels, and used specially created questionnaire. At least 322 medical workers aged >40 years were examined.Results. The average age of the subjects was 51,6+7,8 years, among them 21% of doctors, 47% of nurses; 91% of women. 50% of subjects had arterial hypertension in the history, 40% — high blood pressure >140/90 mm Hg (56% of them regularly received antihypertensive drugs). The frequency of other RF of CVDs was as follows: low physical activity — 74%, hyperlipidemia — 69%, excessive salt intake — 68%, obesity — 43%, unhealthy diet — 37%, smoking — 25%. Among allemployees taking acetylsalicylic acid, 80% took it without invariable indications for this. Among persons with invariable indications for statins, the drug of this class was taken by 11%. When comparing indicators in women of different ages, it was found that the frequency of behavioral RF (unhealthy diet, excessive salt intake, low physical activity) in women <50 years was not significantly different from that in women >50 years; smoking in younger women was higher.Conclusion. A survey of medical workers aged >40 years revealed a high frequency of well-known modified RF of CVDs, especially low physical activity, hyperlipidemia, excessive salt intake, and obesity. The prevalence of arterial hypertension, smoking and unhealthy diet in the studied group were also high, but on average did not exceed the same numbers of general Russian population. We determined high frequency of aspirin intake without invariable indications, and low frequency of statins use in individuals with invariable indications, as well as a low efficacy of drug treatment of arterial hypertension
Thrombotic Occlusion in Patients With Acute Ischemic Stroke
No full textCurrently, reperfusion therapy is the main method of treating patients with ischemic stroke (IS). The safety and efficacy of systemic thrombolytic therapy with a recombinant tissue plasminogen activator in patients with IS within 3 hours, and then 4.5 hours after the onset of symptoms of the disease was demonstrated in the NINDS (1995) and ECASS III (2008) studies. In 2018, based on the results of five studies, clear indications were formulated for performing thrombectomy (TE) in patients with IS, which involve the detection of thrombosis of a large stroke-associated artery. Given the continuous growth in the number of the adult population, which constitutes the bulk of patients with IS, information on the prevalence of patients with thrombotic occlusion of cerebral arteries, who are potential candidates for TE, may be important for regional vascular centers.Aim of study. To describe IS patients admitted within the 6-hour “therapeutic window”.Materials and methods. The study included 145 patients with cerebral IS who were admitted within the first 6 hours after the onset of symptoms of the disease. All patients underwent computed tomographic (CT) angiography in order to verify the occlusion of the cerebral artery.Results. In our study, a correlation was established between the NIHSS severity of IS and the likelihood of verification of stroke-related artery thrombosis by CT angiography, but in 32.6% of patients with severe stroke (NIHSS at least score 14), no thrombotic occlusion was detected, and in 13% of patients with a clinic of mild acute cerebrovascular accident (NIHSS no more than 6), on the contrary, thrombotic occlusion was detected. Mortality in patients with verified thrombotic occlusion of the cerebral artery was higher than in patients without it (38% versus 10.5%, p<0.001). Such a significant difference in the mortality rate was due to the initially more severe stroke (NIHSS at admission 17 [10; 23] versus 5 [2; 10], p><0.001) in patients with thrombotic occlusion of a stroke-related artery, as well as a higher incidence of severe swallowing disorders (30% versus 9.5%, p ><0.002), which are a risk factor for pneumonia, as well as a higher frequency of such a comorbid background as chronic kidney disease and atrial fibrillation (30% versus 13.7%, p=0.018% and 58% versus 29.5%, p=0.001, respectively). CONCLUSION 1. Thrombosis of the cerebral stroke-associated artery was detected in 34.5% of patients with ischemic stroke who were admitted within the first 6 hours from the onset of the disease. 2. The main reason for the failure to perform thrombectomy in patients with ischemic stroke admitted within the 6-hour therapeutic window is the lack of verification of stroke-related artery thrombosis using computed tomographic angiography. Due to thrombosis at a different location (other than thrombosis of the internal carotid artery and / or M1 segment of the middle cerebral artery), 10% of patients with verified thrombosis did not meet the currently existing selection criteria for thrombectomy. Keywords: ischemic stroke, reperfusion therapy, cerebral artery thrombosis, cryptogenic stroke>˂0.001). Such a significant difference in the mortality rate was due to the initially more severe stroke (NIHSS at admission 17 [10; 23] versus 5 [2; 10], p˂0.001) in patients with thrombotic occlusion of a stroke-related artery, as well as a higher incidence of severe swallowing disorders (30% versus 9.5%, p˂0.002), which are a risk factor for pneumonia, as well as a higher frequency of such a comorbid background as chronic kidney disease and atrial fibrillation (30% versus 13.7%, p=0.018% and 58% versus 29.5%, p=0.001, respectively).Conclusion. 1. Thrombosis of the cerebral stroke-associated artery was detected in 34.5% of patients with ischemic stroke who were admitted within the first 6 hours from the onset of the disease. 2. The main reason for the failure to perform thrombectomy in patients with ischemic stroke admitted within the 6-hour therapeutic window is the lack of verification of stroke-related artery thrombosis using computed tomographic angiography. Due to thrombosis at a different location (other than thrombosis of the internal carotid artery and / or M1 segment of the middle cerebral artery), 10% of patients with verified thrombosis did not meet the currently existing selection criteria for thrombectomy
"Fire or Ice" in the Treatment of Patients with Complex Heart Rhythm Disorders
No full textIntroduction. When a pathological process emerges in a part of the cardiac conduction system, it results in various cardiac arrhythmias causing cardiac activity disorders affecting the entire body and posing a threat to the patient’s life.Today, the endovascular treatment of arrhythmias has replaced many open heart surgeries becoming a widely accepted alternative to drug therapy. The key techniques of x-ray-guided endovascular treatment of arrhythmias includes the implantation of various devices, transcatheter radiofrequency ablation of arrhythmogenic zones and cryoablation. An excellent comparison of ablation techniques has been presented in the most extensive international randomized clinical trial FIRE AND ICE.The implantation of single-and two-chamber pacemakers, electrophysiological research, radio frequency ablation are all performed at the Bashkir State Medical University Clinic.Material and methods. The electrophysiological research and transcatheter radiofrequency endocardial ablation using the Carto 3 system for complex rhythm disorders have been carried out at the Bashkir State Medical University Clinic since 2013.Results and discussion. 159 EPIs and RFAs have been performed at the Bashkir State Medical University Clinic.Conclusions. X-ray guided endovascular surgery is the method of choice in the treatment of various forms of arrhythmias
Immunoglobulin, glucocorticoid, or combination therapy for multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children: a propensity-weighted cohort study
No full textBackground: Multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C), a hyperinflammatory condition associated with SARS-CoV-2 infection, has emerged as a serious illness in children worldwide. Immunoglobulin or glucocorticoids, or both, are currently recommended treatments. Methods: The Best Available Treatment Study evaluated immunomodulatory treatments for MIS-C in an international observational cohort. Analysis of the first 614 patients was previously reported. In this propensity-weighted cohort study, clinical and outcome data from children with suspected or proven MIS-C were collected onto a web-based Research Electronic Data Capture database. After excluding neonates and incomplete or duplicate records, inverse probability weighting was used to compare primary treatments with intravenous immunoglobulin, intravenous immunoglobulin plus glucocorticoids, or glucocorticoids alone, using intravenous immunoglobulin as the reference treatment. Primary outcomes were a composite of inotropic or ventilator support from the second day after treatment initiation, or death, and time to improvement on an ordinal clinical severity scale. Secondary outcomes included treatment escalation, clinical deterioration, fever, and coronary artery aneurysm occurrence and resolution. This study is registered with the ISRCTN registry, ISRCTN69546370. Findings: We enrolled 2101 children (aged 0 months to 19 years) with clinically diagnosed MIS-C from 39 countries between June 14, 2020, and April 25, 2022, and, following exclusions, 2009 patients were included for analysis (median age 8·0 years [IQR 4·2–11·4], 1191 [59·3%] male and 818 [40·7%] female, and 825 [41·1%] White). 680 (33·8%) patients received primary treatment with intravenous immunoglobulin, 698 (34·7%) with intravenous immunoglobulin plus glucocorticoids, 487 (24·2%) with glucocorticoids alone; 59 (2·9%) patients received other combinations, including biologicals, and 85 (4·2%) patients received no immunomodulators. There were no significant differences between treatments for primary outcomes for the 1586 patients with complete baseline and outcome data that were considered for primary analysis. Adjusted odds ratios for ventilation, inotropic support, or death were 1·09 (95% CI 0·75–1·58; corrected p value=1·00) for intravenous immunoglobulin plus glucocorticoids and 0·93 (0·58–1·47; corrected p value=1·00) for glucocorticoids alone, versus intravenous immunoglobulin alone. Adjusted average hazard ratios for time to improvement were 1·04 (95% CI 0·91–1·20; corrected p value=1·00) for intravenous immunoglobulin plus glucocorticoids, and 0·84 (0·70–1·00; corrected p value=0·22) for glucocorticoids alone, versus intravenous immunoglobulin alone. Treatment escalation was less frequent for intravenous immunoglobulin plus glucocorticoids (OR 0·15 [95% CI 0·11–0·20]; p<0·0001) and glucocorticoids alone (0·68 [0·50–0·93]; p=0·014) versus intravenous immunoglobulin alone. Persistent fever (from day 2 onward) was less common with intravenous immunoglobulin plus glucocorticoids compared with either intravenous immunoglobulin alone (OR 0·50 [95% CI 0·38–0·67]; p<0·0001) or glucocorticoids alone (0·63 [0·45–0·88]; p=0·0058). Coronary artery aneurysm occurrence and resolution did not differ significantly between treatment groups. Interpretation: Recovery rates, including occurrence and resolution of coronary artery aneurysms, were similar for primary treatment with intravenous immunoglobulin when compared to glucocorticoids or intravenous immunoglobulin plus glucocorticoids. Initial treatment with glucocorticoids appears to be a safe alternative to immunoglobulin or combined therapy, and might be advantageous in view of the cost and limited availability of intravenous immunoglobulin in many countries. Funding: Imperial College London, the European Union's Horizon 2020, Wellcome Trust, the Medical Research Foundation, UK National Institute for Health and Care Research, and National Institutes of Health
Fire or ice в лечении пациентов со сложными нарушениями ритма сердца
No full textIntroduction. When a pathological process emerges in a part of the cardiac conduction system, it results in various cardiac arrhythmias causing cardiac activity disorders affecting the entire body and posing a threat to the patient’s life.Today, the endovascular treatment of arrhythmias has replaced many open heart surgeries becoming a widely accepted alternative to drug therapy. The key techniques of x-ray-guided endovascular treatment of arrhythmias includes the implantation of various devices, transcatheter radiofrequency ablation of arrhythmogenic zones and cryoablation. An excellent comparison of ablation techniques has been presented in the most extensive international randomized clinical trial FIRE AND ICE.The implantation of single-and two-chamber pacemakers, electrophysiological research, radio frequency ablation are all performed at the Bashkir State Medical University Clinic.Material and methods. The electrophysiological research and transcatheter radiofrequency endocardial ablation using the Carto 3 system for complex rhythm disorders have been carried out at the Bashkir State Medical University Clinic since 2013.Results and discussion. 159 EPIs and RFAs have been performed at the Bashkir State Medical University Clinic.Conclusions. X-ray guided endovascular surgery is the method of choice in the treatment of various forms of arrhythmias.Введение. При появлении патологического процесса на одном из участков проводящей системы сердца возникают различные аритмии сердца, способствующие неправильной сердечной деятельности с последующим сбоем работы всего организма и возникновению угрозы жизни.На сегодняшний день эндоваскулярное лечение аритмий заменило многие хирургические операции на открытом сердце и стало признанной альтернативой медикаментозной терапии. Основными методами рентгенэндоваскулярного лечения аритмий являются имплантация различных устройств, транскатетерная радиочастотная абляция аритмогенных зон или криоабляция. Великолепное сравнение абляционных методик было выполнено в самом широкомасштабном рандомизированном международном клиническом исследовании «Пламя и Лед» (FIRE AND ICE).В Клинике Башкирского государственного медицинского университета выполняют имплантацию одно- и двухкамерных электрокардиостимуляторов, электрофизиологическое исследование, радиочастотную абляцию.Материал и методы. В Клинике БГМУ электрофизиологическое исследование и транскатетерную радиочастотную эндокардиальную абляцию с использованием системы Carto 3 при сложных нарушениях ритма выполняют с 2013 года.Результаты и обсуждение. В клинике Башкирского государственного медицинского университета уже выполнено 159 электрофизиологических исследований и радиочастотных абляций.Заключение. Приоритетным выбором в лечении различных форм аритмий является рентгенэндоваскулярная хирургия
