1,721,026 research outputs found
Carbon nanotube cell translocation and delivery of nucleic acids in vitro and in vivo
No full textIn the last few years, the carbon nanotube (CNT) field has seen a new direction of investigation growing rapidly, along with the interest of more researchers from diverse fields of expertise interested in this new material in an attempt to exploit their properties in biomedical applications. Here we describe the most recently reported work on the application of CNT for gene encoding nucleic acid (DNA and RNA) delivery purposes by using in vitro and in vivo models. Several groups have now successfully observed the cellular internalisation of nucleic acids with the aid of CNT following very different protocols. The main processes for the internalisation pathways and intracellular release of the nucleic acids are here reviewed. Furthermore, we have just started to see some initial studies of in vivo work using siRNA-CNT conjugates to achieve silencing in tumour tissue. Admittedly, it is still very early days for the technology, but future studies are necessary, and will surely appear, in order to determine the feasibility of bringing the CNT closer to the clinic. © The Royal Society of Chemistry
Tissue Histology and Physiology following Intravenous Administration of Multi-Walled Carbon Nanotubes
No full text
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Can nanomaterials in the striatum trigger a neuroinflammatory response?
No full textA variety of nanosystems were injected directly into the brain of mice and gene expression related to inflammatory responses of the brain parenchyma was evaluated at different time points
Comparison between soft (liposomes) and hard (carbon nanotubes and graphene oxide) functionalised nanomaterials as inducers of in vivo neuroinflammation
No full textIn this study, the comparison between soft (liposomes) and hard (carbon nanotubes and graphene oxide) functionalised nanomaterials as inducers of in vivo neuroinflammation has been examined after brain injection
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
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