1,721,040 research outputs found
Planning Models: Scoping the Scene
No full textPlanning is a massive field, and the types and variations of models used are enormous. This chapter (and the related collection), therefore, makes no pretence to cover all the various forms of models that are used across the entire gambit of planning applications. It focuses very much on the types of mathematical models that have been developed by social scientists in their efforts to explain, in particular, spatial location patterns. We feel that it is preferable to systematically treat an area of modelling in a particular context rather than pursue a shot-gun approach embracing a a number of planning applications which would mean the pellets spreading across a large area without any real penetration at any point
Transportation and Economic Development Challenges
No full textRecent years have seen considerable changes in the technology
of transportation with the development of high-speed rail networks,
more fuel-efficient automobiles and aircraft, and the widespread
adoption of informatics in disciplines such as traffic management
and supply chain logistics. The authors in this volume assess
transportation interactions with employment and income, examine
some of the policies that have been deployed to maximize the
economic and social impacts of transportation provision at the local
and regional levels and analyze how advances in transportation
technologies have impacted, and will, impact future development
Planning Models
No full textPlanning is a massive field, and the types and variations of models used are enormous. This volume, therefore, makes no pretence to cover all the various forms of models that are used across the entire gambit of planning applications. It focuses very much on the types of mathematical models that have been developed by social scientists in their efforts to explain, in particular, spatial location patterns. We feeel that it is preferable to systematically treat an area of modelling in a particular context rather than pursue a shot-gun approach embracing a a number of planning applications which would mean the pellets spreading across a large area without any real penetration at any point.
It is not, however, only the need for focus that has drawn us to this particular domain. First, modelling in this arena draws upon a variety of disciplines, makes us of a diversity of techniques, and elements of it have been widely used in decision-making rather than just metaphorically sitting in academics curriculum vitae. Second, and related to the first point, the field of study requires consideration of a wide range of constraints in the development of models; there are often data constraints, the need to embrace qualitative factors, the need to simulate various scenarios, the importance of making model predictions comprehensible to policy makers, etc
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
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