2,442 research outputs found
Online Public Shaming on Twitter- Dataset
No full text<p>This dataset contains about 870k unlabelled and 1227 labelled collection of tweet ids of several public shaming events in Twitter. Go through the included README file.</p>
<p>Refer to the paper below for more details.</p>
<p>Basak, Rajesh, Shamik Sural, Niloy Ganguly, and Soumya K. Ghosh. "Online Public Shaming on Twitter: Detection, Analysis, and Mitigation." IEEE Transactions on Computational Social Systems (2019)</p>
Brain activation during dual-task processing is associated with cardiorespiratory fitness and performance in older adults
No full textCitation: Wong, C. N., Chaddock-Heyman, L., Voss, M. W., Burzynska, A. Z., Basak, C., Erickson, K. I., . . . Kramer, A. F. (2015). Brain activation during dual-task processing is associated with cardiorespiratory fitness and performance in older adults. Frontiers in Aging Neuroscience, 7, 10. doi:10.3389/fnagi.2015.00154Higher cardiorespiratory fitness is associated with better cognitive performance and enhanced brain activation. Yet, the extent to which cardiorespiratory fitness-related brain activation is associated with better cognitive performance is not well understood. In this cross-sectional study, we examined whether the association between cardiorespiratory fitness and executive function was mediated by greater prefrontal cortex activation in healthy older adults. Brain activation was measured during dual-task performance with functional magnetic resonance imaging in a sample of 128 healthy older adults (59-80 years). Higher cardiorespiratory fitness was associated with greater activation during dual-task processing in several brain areas including the anterior cingulate and supplementary motor cortex (ACC/SMA), thalamus and basal ganglia, right motor/somatosensory cortex and middle frontal gyrus, and left somatosensory cortex, controlling for age, sex, education, and gray matter volume. Of these regions, greater ACC/SMA activation mediated the association between cardiorespiratory fitness and dual-task performance. We provide novel evidence that cardiorespiratory fitness may support cognitive performance by facilitating brain activation in a core region critical for executive function
Lower bounds for regular genus and gem-complexity of PL 4-manifolds
No full textWithin crystallization theory, two interesting PL invariants for d-manifolds have been introduced and studied, namely, gem-complexity and regular genus. In the present paper we prove that for any closed connected PL 4-manifold M, its gem-complexity k(M) and its regular genus G(M) satisfy
k(M)≥3χ(M)+10m−6 and G(M)≥2χ(M)+5m−4,
where rk(π1(M))=m. These lower bounds enable to strictly improve previously known estimations for regular genus and gem-complexity of product 4-manifolds. Moreover, the class of semi-simple crystallizations is introduced, so that the represented PL 4-manifolds attain the above lower bounds. The additivity of both gem-complexity and regular genus with respect to connected sum is also proved for such a class of PL 4-manifolds, which comprehends all ones of “standard type”, involved in existing crystallization catalogs, and their connected sums
Importance of cholesterol and cholesterol transporters in the placental trophoblast during pregnancy
No full textMembrane transporters are essential during pregnancy, being a core component of the exchange of nutrients, gases, and metabolic products between the mother and the developing fetus. Important compounds to be transported include vitamins and minerals, amino acids, glucose, as well as cholesterol. Cholesterol transport across the plasma membrane is mediated
mainly by members of the ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporter family. Cholesterol is present in every cell of the body, where it helps maintain the integrity of cell membranes and also plays an important role in cell signaling events. Cholesterol also acts as a precursor for the biosynthesis of steroids that include sex hormones, glucocorticoids, mineralcorticoids, as well as bile acids and oxysterols. Cholesterol transport is therefore crucial for a host of different
physiological processes. The following chapter addresses the involvement and importance of ABC transporters in these different processes. The critical role that ABC transporters Play for a successful pregnancy outcome is highlighted by pathological processes that result malfunction of cholesterol transport during pregnancy. Avenues of future research are also described, which may help to further delineate the function and mechanism of action of ABC transporters
Ensemble Learning Methodologies for Electrocardiogram Analysis: A Comparative Study
No full textElectrocardiogram (ECG) analysis plays a crucial role in diagnosing various cardiovascular diseases. In this study, we present a comprehensive analysis of ensembled machine learning methodologies for ECG classification. Specifically, we evaluate the performance of Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM), bidirectional LSTM (bi-LSTM), Gated Recurrent Unit (GRU), logistic regression (LR), Support Vector Machine with Stochastic Gradient Descent (SVM-SGD), and Support Vector Machine with Support Vector Classification (SVM-SVC) in accurately classifying ECG signals. To enhance the classification accuracy, we explore ensemble methodologies, including the averaging, stacking, and bagging. The evaluation primarily focuses on the comparison of these methodologies based on their respective accuracy values. Additionally, we address the challenges posed by the imbalanced nature of ECG data by analyzing precision, recall, F1-score, support values, and employing the confusion matrix to ascertain the performance of the selected methods. The proposed method was evaluated on the MIT-BIH Arrhythmia Database, demonstrating its efficacy in accurately classifying five different arrhythmias. The results provide valuable insights into the efficacy of these machine learning approaches for ECG analysis, highlighting the significance of ensembled methods in improving classification performance in the presence of imbalanced datasets
Deformation of Ti-Based Bulk Metallic Glass Under a Cutting Tip
No full textThis study aims to investigate the fundamental deformation mechanism of Ti-based bulk metallic glass under mechanical loading by a cutting tip. The cutting tip interaction is resolved into two separate actions, namely nanoindentation by using a Berkovich diamond indenter and contact sliding under a pin-on-disk configuration. The deformation details in the specimens due to the action of the corresponding mechanical loading were analyzed by SEM and TEM. It was found that under nanoindentation, the plastic deformation is evidenced by a series of pop-ins in load–displacement graphs. The temperature rise at the contact interface during sliding must have been above the glass transition temperature and the onset temperature of crystallization, leading to the formation of discrete nanocrystalline particles in the immediate subsurface and hence bringing about an increase in hardness of the metallic glass in the wear tracks.A. K. Basak, Liangchi Zhan
sj-docx-1-pie-10.1177_09544089231192342 - Supplemental material for Effectiveness of coolant on sustainable drilling and hole quality of titanium alloy
No full textSupplemental material, sj-docx-1-pie-10.1177_09544089231192342 for Effectiveness of coolant on sustainable drilling and hole quality of titanium alloy by Alokesh Pramanik, Animesh K Basak, Mahen Samarasinghe, Chander Prakash and Shankar Subramaniam in Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part E: Journal of Process Mechanical Engineering</p
Uncertainty analysis of an activity-based microsimulation model for Singapore
No full textTransport models inherit uncertainties due to a variety of assumptions, inputs and their structural properties. With the increase in complexity of modern travel demand models, the uncertainty analysis becomes more important and it becomes a non-trivial procedure that requires a careful consideration for its investigation. This paper analyses the model uncertainty of the activity-based microsimulation (ABM) travel demand model including specification and parameter uncertainty. The ABM model predicts the entire day activity-travel schedule and was developed and calibrated using a variety of datasets from Singapore. The model is computationally heavy as it includes 22 sub-models, which follows multinomial and nested logit structure for different activity-travel decisions and in overall includes 817 parameters. The model specification uncertainty addressed in the study include simulation error and sample uncertainty, both measured by means of simulation techniques under various scenarios with running the entire model. The parameter uncertainty is estimated based on the simulation with sampling from a parametric multivariate distribution preserving the correlations between the sampled variables. The parameter uncertainty includes a sensitivity-based screening of the sub-models to identify the major contributors, followed by simulation runs of the entire model for the most influential parameters. The results showed that the order of magnitude of all considered kinds of uncertainty strongly depends on how frequently the alternative is predicted in the choice process. The parameter uncertainty is higher than the sampling uncertainty, and the sampling uncertainty is comparable with the simulation uncertainty. Moreover, this is the first study to compare the order of magnitude of the simulation, sampling and parameter uncertainties of an ABM model. The suggested method can be used to analyse both input and parameter uncertainties in computationally heavy models that have a hierarchical structure consisting of smaller sub-models. The uncertainty calculated for the model outcomes in this study will allow practitioners to choose a strategy for dealing with it.The research is supported by the National Research Foundation, Prime Minister’s Office, Singapore, under its CREATE programme, Singapore-MIT Alliance for Research and Technology (SMART) Future Urban Mobility (FM) IRG. Efforts of a Software Engineer, Harish Loganathan, and two Research Assistants; Ms. Shahita Ahamed and Prabhuraj Reddy are also greatly appreciated
Complications and management in Descemet′s stripping endothelial keratoplasty: Analysis of consecutive 430 cases
No full textPurpose: To analyze the complications and their managements in Descemet′s stripping endothelial keratoplasty (DSEK) in consecutive 430 cases by single surgeon in a tertiary eye hospital. Materials and Methods: 430 eyes of 366 patients with endothelial dysfunctions scheduled for DSEK, were analyzed retrospectively. In all cases donor dissection was performed manually, and ′Taco′ insertion and unfolding technique was used. Intra-operative and postoperative complications with their managements and outcomes were reviewed retrospectively. Periodic endothelial cell density was analyzed for each patient till the last visit. Follow-up period was between 3 to 60 months (mean 18.7 months). Results: 13 (3.0%) eyes had operative complications during donor dissection and 16 (3.7%) had during recipient procedure. In 7 (1.6%) eyes, donor lenticule was replaced with a new one during the surgery. In early postoperative period, 21 (4.9%) eyes had donor dislocation and 12 (2.8%) eyes had air-induced pupillary block; and they were managed immediately. 2 cases had primary graft failure and in 1 case had postoperative bacterial endophthalmitis requiring evisceration. In late postoperative period, 48 (11.3%) eyes had secondary glaucoma and 14 (3.3%) eyes had late secondary graft failure. Endothelial rejection occurred in 5 (1.2%) cases. Mean endothelial cell loss was 19.7% after 3 months and 54.2% after 5 years. Total graft failure in this series was 31 (7.2%) and in 17 cases re-DSEK was performed successfully. Conclusions: Both operative and postoperative complications do occur in DSEK. Most of these complications can be managed by medical or appropriate surgical means. Some of the complications can be avoided and reduced with experience
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