2,609 research outputs found
Responsive drug delivery systems
No full textForgetting to take medicine would not be a problem if it were released internally when your body signaled a need for it. Advances in sensors, implants, telemetry, and microfabrication are leading us in that direction. Sapna K. Deo, Elissavet A. Moschou, Serban F. Peteu, Leonidas G. Bachas, and Sylvia Daunert at the University of Kentucky; Patricia E. Eisenhardt at ChipRx; and Marc J. Madou at the University of California - Irvine describe how personal pharmaceutical delivery systems might work.close123
Measurement of b-quark fragmentation properties in jets using the decay B± → J/ψ K± in pp collisions at sqrt(s) = 13 TeV with the ATLAS detector
No full textThe fragmentation properties of jets containing b-hadrons are studied using charged B mesons in 139 fb−1 of pp collisions at sqrt(s) = 13 TeV, recorded with the ATLAS detector at the LHC during the period from 2015 to 2018. The B mesons are reconstructed using the decay of B± into J/ψK±, with the J/ψ decaying into a pair of muons. Jets are reconstructed using the anti-kt algorithm with radius parameter R = 0.4. The measurement determines the longitudinal and transverse momentum profiles of the reconstructed B hadrons with respect to the axes of the jets to which they are geometrically associated. These distributions are measured in intervals of the jet transverse momentum, ranging from 50 GeV to above 100 GeV. The results are corrected for detector effects and compared with several Monte Carlo predictions using different parton shower and hadronisation models. The results for the longitudinal and transverse profiles provide useful inputs to improve the description of heavy-flavour fragmentation in jets. [Figure not available: see fulltext.]
Measurement of the jet mass in high transverse momentum Z(→bb ̅)γ production at sqrt(s) = 13 TeV using the ATLAS detector
No full textThe integrated fiducial cross-section and unfolded differential jet mass spectrum of high transverse momentum Z -> b (b) over bar decays are measured in Z gamma events in proton-proton collisions at sqrt(s) = 13 TeV. The data analysed were collected between 2015 and 2016 with the ATLAS detector at the Large Hadron Collider and correspond to an integrated luminosity of 36.1 fb(-1). Photons are required to have a transverse momentum p(T) > 175 GeV. The Z -> b (b) over bar decay is reconstructed using a jet with p(T) > 200 GeV, found with the anti-k(t) R = 1.0 jet algorithm, and groomed to remove soft and wide-angle radiation and to mitigate contributions from the underlying event and additional proton-proton collisions. Two different but related measurements are performed using two jet grooming definitions for reconstructing the Z -> b (b) over bar decay: trimming and soft drop. These algorithms differ in their experimental and phenomenological implications regarding jet mass reconstruction and theoretical precision. To identify Zbosons, b-tagged R = 0.2 track-jets matched to the groomed large-R calorimeter jet are used as a proxy for the b-quarks. The signal yield is determined from fits of the data-driven background templates to the different jet mass distributions for the two grooming methods. Integrated fiducial cross-sections and unfolded jet mass spectra for each grooming method are compared with leading-order theoretical predictions. The results are found to be in good agreement with Standard Model expectations within the current statistical and systematic uncertainties
Diboson physics at ATLAS
No full textThis paper is intended to give an overview of the ATLAS results on the production cross sections of gauge boson pairs in their fully leptonic decay modes using data from pp collisions at TeV for and and TeV for at the Large Hadron Collider. The cross sections are found to be in agreement with the expectation from the Standard Model within the estimated uncertainties. The production cross section measurements also allow for studies of anomalous triple gauge couplings for which confidence limits are set
Electroweak Physics (diboson production) measurements with ATLAS
No full textThis paper is intended to give an overview of the ATLAS results on the production cross sections of gauge boson pairs using data from pp collisions at √s = 7TeV for Wγ,Zγ,W
±W∓, ZZ,W±Z and WV, where V = W± or Z decaying hadronically and √s = 8TeV for ZZ,W±W∓,W± Z and W±W± at the LHC at CERN. The cross sections are found to be in agreement with the expectations from the Standard Model within the estimated uncertainties. The production cross
section measurements also allow for studies of anomalous triple and quartic gauge couplings for which 95% confidence limits are set
Uncovering quasi-degenerate Kaluza-Klein Electro-Weak gauge bosons with top asymmetries at the LHC
No full textBy exploiting the correlation between charge and spin polarisation asymmetries in t-tbar, we show that combining the two observables could identify the presence of quasi-degenerate states in a resonant signal at the LHC. As an example, we investigate experimental signatures emerging in top-antitop final states in the context of a model where the Standard Model Electro-Weak sector is allowed to propagate in large extra--dimensions of TeV-1 size while the colour sector is localised. Assuming current experimental constraints from the 7 and 8 TeV runs and taking into account the estimated top (anti-top) reconstruction efficiencies, we find that the 14 TeV upgraded LHC with the planned integrated luminosity L=100 fb-1 could access these quasi-degenerate multiple resonances and explore for the first time the rich phenomenology in the asymmetry observables. The main outcome would be having measurable quantities, complementary to the usual total and differential cross sections, capable of distinguishing a quasi-degenerate multiply resonant spectrum from a 'standard' single resonance that could present a similar signal in a bump hunt analysis
Feasibility study on the application of blockchain technology in the reclaiming asphalt process
No full textThe present research is focused on the possibilities of implementing blockchain technology in the reclaiming asphalt process in the Netherlands, in collaboration with BAM Infraconsult. The feasibility of using blockchain technology in order to improve several parts of this process is investigated. More specifically, the Design Science Research approach is used, and the main purpose of the study is to design an artifact that will be used for two use cases in the reclaiming asphalt process, i) an information platform use case and ii) a supply chain management use case. At first, the process is analyzed in terms of i) business network, ii) the process itself and iii) the information that is exchanged during its execution. Then, the proposed model is designed in two ways, i) a Sequence Diagram and ii) by using the online playground of Hyperledger Composer. At the end, the proposed model is validated and five possible benefits that could be brought in the process are mentioned: i) transparency in transactions, ii) materials traceability, iii) long terms sharing of data in a predetermined way, iv) g give permission to predetermined actors to view specific data and v) reliability, immutability and trustiness in the stored data.Civil Engineering | Construction Management and Engineerin
The scientific work of Sonia Stanciu
No full text5 pages, latex, uses iopart.cls and iopart12.cloInternational audienceThe Leuven workshop on the `Quantum Structure of Space-time and the Geometrical Nature of the Fundamental Interactions' had a special session dedicated to the memory of Sonia Stanciu. This is the summary of a talk delivered by the author on this occasion
Measurement of the c-jet mistagging efficiency in tt ̄ events using pp collision data at sqrt(s) = 13 TeV collected with the ATLAS detector
No full textA technique is presented to measure the efficiency with which c-jets are mistagged as b-jets (mistagging efficiency) using tt ̄ events, where one of the W bosons decays into an electron or muon and a neutrino and the other decays into a quark–antiquark pair. The measurement utilises the relatively large and known W→ cs branching ratio, which allows a measurement to be made in an inclusive c-jet sample. The data sample used was collected by the ATLAS detector at sqrt(s) = 13 TeV and corresponds to an integrated luminosity of 139 fb- 1. Events are reconstructed using a kinematic likelihood technique which selects the mapping between jets and tt ̄ decay products that yields the highest likelihood value. The distribution of the b-tagging discriminant for jets from the hadronic W decays in data is compared with that in simulation to extract the mistagging efficiency as a function of jet transverse momentum. The total uncertainties are in the range 3–17%. The measurements generally agree with those in simulation but there are some differences in the region corresponding to the most stringent b-jet tagging requirement
Test of the universality of τ and μ lepton couplings in W-boson decays with the ATLAS detector
No full textThe standard model of particle physics encapsulates our best current understanding of physics at the smallest scales. A fundamental axiom of this theory is the universality of the couplings of the different generations of leptons to the electroweak gauge bosons. The measurement of the ratio of the decay rate of W bosons to τ leptons and muons, R(τ/μ), constitutes an important test of this axiom. Using 139 fb−1 of proton–proton collisions recorded with the ATLAS detector at a centre-of-mass energy of 13 TeV, we report a measurement of this quantity from di-leptonic tt ̄ events where the top quarks decay into a W boson and a bottom quark. We can distinguish muons originating from W bosons and those originating from an intermediate τ lepton through the muon transverse impact parameter and differences in the muon transverse momentum spectra. The measured value of R(τ/μ) is 0.992 ± 0.013 [± 0.007(stat) ± 0.011(syst)] and is in agreement with the hypothesis of universal lepton couplings as postulated in the standard model. This is the only such measurement from the Large Hadron Collider, so far, and obtains twice the precision of previous measurements
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