1,720,999 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
An eco-friendly enantioselective access to (R)-Naringenin as inhibitor of proinflammatory cytokine release.
No full text(R/S)-Naringenin is a flavanone, well-known for its beneficial health-related properties, such as anti-inflammatory activity. The preparative enantioselective chromatographic resolution of commercial (R/S)-Naringenin was performed on Chiralpak® AD-H column (500 x 50 mm I.D., dp = 20 μm) using methanol as eluent. The developed method is in accordance with the principles of green chemistry, since the environmental impact was lowered through the recycle of eluent. In this way, g-amounts of each enantiomer were recovered with high purity (chemical purity > 99%, enantiomeric excess > 94%). The racemic and enantiomeric Naringenin were subjected to an exhaustive in vitro investigation of anti-inflammatory activity, aimed at evaluating the relevance of chirality. The assay on cultured human peripheral blood mononuclear cells activated by Phytohemagglutinin A revealed that (R)-Naringenin is the most effective in inhibiting the T-cell proliferation, showed to be still active at lowest concentration. Moreover, (R)-Naringenin significantly reduced pro-inflammatory cytokines levels such as TNF-α and, with less potency, IL-6. These results evidenced the anti-inflammatory potential of Naringenin and the highest capacity of (R)-Naringenin to inhibit both in vitro PBMC proliferation and cytokines secretion at non toxic doses. Thus, (R)-Naringenin is a promising candidate for in vivo investigation
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Approaches for multi-gram scale isolation of enantiomers for drug discovery
No full textIntroduction: Over the last 30 years, the scientific community has directed its efforts towards the identification of enantioselective approaches to obtain the desired active enantiomer. Accordingly, efficient production of single enantiomers from small to large scale, throughout Drug Discovery (DD) programs, has become of great interest and a fundamental challenge.
Areas covered: This review focuses on two fundamental strategies for preparing enantiomers in high yields and with an excellent enantiomeric excess (ee). Separation of racemates, enantioselective synthesis procedures, and integrated approaches have been extensively reviewed, to offer a guide that enables the selection of the suitable methodology for producing pure enantiomers in scales from small to large.
Expert opinion: Over the past two decades, drug regulatory agencies have set strict rules on the use of racemates and pure enantiomers, leading to the transformation of the drug market. Indeed, the number of drugs approved as a single enantiomer has exponentially increased, outclassing the racemic compounds. As a consequence, the academia and pharmaceutical companies are eager to develop efficient procedures for obtaining enantiopure compounds on the desired scale
Quick development of an analytical enantioselective high performance liquid chromatography separation and preparative scale-up for the flavonoid Naringenin
No full textDispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
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