1,721,615 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Contexte, concepts et définition des cultures intermédiaires multi-services
No full textLa notion de culture intermédiaire a clairement évolué historiquement, en fonction du service recherché,
passant par exemple de la notion d’engrais vert à CIPAN (piège à nitrate) dans les années 1970 à
1990, et aujourd’hui nous proposons d’utiliser l’acronyme de CIMS pour parler de cultures
intermédiaires multi-services). Ces CIMS sont utilisées pour produire des services écosystémiques en
période d’interculture. Ce sont des cultures qui ne sont pas récoltées, elles sont enfouies ou laissées en
surface du sol. Les CIMS permettent de produire simultanément différents services écosystémiques,
avec plus ou moins d’efficacité en fonction des espèces ou du mélange d’espèces semées, de leur
mode de gestion, de la situation pédo-climatique et de la succession de cultures de vente dans laquelle
elles sont insérées. Les services produits concernent i) la gestion de l’azote (effet piège à nitrate), ii) la
protection physique du sol, iii) le stockage de carbone, iv) la réduction des bio-agresseurs (mauvaises
herbes, pathogènes), v) la pollinisation, vi) l’esthétique du paysage. Le bouquet de services qui peut
être produit par la CIMS et l’éventuel compromis recherché entre les services produits doit être défini
explicitement afin de choisir la bonne espèce ou de concevoir l’assemblage d’espèces à implanter. Un
grand nombre de familles botaniques peuvent être utilisées comme CIMS (crucifères, graminées,
légumineuses, composées, autres familles). Toutefois, il convient de choisir des espèces non hôtes des
maladies et ravageurs des cultures principales, ceci pour limiter les éventuels dis-services. De plus,
pour maximiser les services écosystémiques rendus par les mélanges d’espèces, il est nécessaire que
l’association permette une bonne complémentarité de développement et de croissance. Enfin, nous
faisons l’hypothèse que les CIMS, avec des espèces bien choisies et gérés avec des itinéraires
techniques adaptés, peuvent être un levier efficace d’une écologisation des systèmes de culture
français, sans nécessairement avoir besoin de transformer radicalement le système, ni le niveau de
travail du solThe notion of cover crop has clearly evolved historically, in particular in France and Europe, depending
on the service provided, moving from the notion of green manure to catch crop, and today we are
proposing the term of Multi-services cover crops (MSCC). These MSCC are used in agriculture to
produce various ecosystem services during fallow period between two main cash crops. These MSCC
are not harvested and their biomass is returning to the soil (incorporated or at soil surface). The
provision of multi-services depend on the species, the mixtures of species, the management of the
cover crop, the pedo-climat conditions and the cash crop succession in which the MSCC is inserted.
E. Justes et G. The services produced are the following: i) nitrogen management (nitrate catch crop and green
manuring), ii) soil protection, iii) carbon storage in the soil, iv) control and suppression of weeds,
diseases and pests, v) pollinisation of plants and vi) landscape aesthetic. The trade-off between
services produced by the MSCC must be explicitly defined before their setting up in order to correctly
select the right species or the design of species assemblage appropriate to produce the targeted
services and their level of expression. Many botanical families can be used as MSCC (cruciferous,
grass, legume, other families). However, it is advisable to choose non-host species of diseases and
pests of main cash crops, in order to limit the possible dis-services. In addition, to maximize the
ecosystem services provided by species chosen, it is necessary for the association to achieve good
complementarity of development and growth. Finally, we hypothesize that MSCC, with well-chosen
species and well managed, can be an effective lever for an ecologization of French cropping systems,
without necessarily having to radically transform the cropping system, nor the level of soil tillage
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
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