1,720,966 research outputs found
Addition of Lemna (Lemna minor) in Goat Rations: Effect on Milk Composition and Fermentation Product Characteristics
Full text linkThis study evaluated the effect of Lemna minor supplementation in dairy goat feed on milk fat and fatty acid composition. The results showed that the addition of L. minor significantly altered the milk fat profile, which may influence the quality of fermented dairy products. Fresh goat milk and milk from goats fed with L. minor were used as the primary raw materials for producing fermented products such as yogurt and kefir. The objectives of the study were: (1) to compare the composition of fresh milk produced by goats fed a basal diet and those fed a diet supplemented with L. minor, and (2) to compare the characteristics and composition of fermented milk products, namely yogurt and kefir, made from both types of goat milk. The research was conducted as a laboratory experiment. The observed variables included fresh milk composition, viscosity, color profile of fermented milk, and fatty acid composition of the fermented products. The results indicated that both fresh goat milk and Lemna-supplemented goat milk met the Indonesian National Standard (SNI) for milk quality, with no significant differences between them. Viscosity differed between yogurt and kefir products, whereas the color profile was not influenced by the type of milk used. The saturated chain fatty acid (SCFA) content in Lemna goat milk was 8.91%, while in the fermented products it was 0.99% and 1.17%, respectively. The polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) content in Lemna goat milk was 17.48%, decreasing to 15.20% in the fermented products
Effects of Decontamination Using Organic Acids on Total Microbial Number and Qualities of Poultry Carcasses
No full textTujuan Penelitian adalah mempelajari pengaruh dekontaminasi menggunakan asam terhadap jumlah mikroorganisme dan kualitas pada karkas ayam selama penyimpanan sehingga dapat digunakan untuk menentukan metode dekontaminasi karkas yang dapat diterapkan pada rumah potong ayam skala kecil atau rumah tangga. Penelitian dilaksanakan dengan Rancangan Acak Lengkap dengan 5 perlakuan dekontaminasi yang terdiri atas perendaman karkas selama 5 menit dalam air dingin (A), asam laktat (B), asam sitrat (C), dan asam asetat (D), masing – masing dengan konsentrasi 2%. Karkas kemudian disimpan pada kondisi kamar dengan cara digantung. Masing – masing perlakuan diulang 4 kali. Peubah yang diamati terdiri atas (1) peubah kualitas mikrobiologis karkas, yaitu jumlah total bakteri, (2) peubah kualitas fisik daging (pH dan WHC), dan (3) peubah kualits organoleptis (warna, bau dan lendir). Peubah diukur sebelum perlakuan, pada 0 jam setelah perlakuan, kemudian setelah 2,4,6 dan 8 jam setelah perlakuan. Hasil menunjukkan dekontaminasi menyebabkan penurunan jumlah mikroba secara drastis dari 104 menjadi 101 cfu/g. Namun demikian, tidak terdapat perbedaan pengaruh yang signifikan antar masing – masing metode terhadap penurunan jumlah mikroba. Jumlah mikroba kembali meningkat seiring dengan lamanya masa simpan. Penggunaan asam organik meyebabkan penurunan jumlah mikroba. Jumlah mikroba kembali meningkat seiring dengan lamanya masa simpan. Penggunaan asam organik menyebabkan penurunan pH karkas. Sampai penyimpanan 8 jam pada kondisi ruang, kualitas fisik karkas (pH dan WHC) tidak ada perubahan yang berarti dan munculnya lendir pada permukaan karkas belum terdeteksi oleh panelis. Dapat disimpulkan bahwa untukmemperpanjang masa simpan dan meningkatkan kemanan, maka perlu dilakukan dekontaminasi pada karkas ayam, yaitu dengan perendaman pada larutan asam (laktat, sitrat atau asetat) 2% selama 5 menit. Karkas yang telah didekontaminasi dapat disimpan sampai dengan 8 jam pada kondisi ruang. (Animal Production 10(2): 129-134 (2008)
Kata Kunci: Karkas ayam, dekontaminasi, kualitas, asam organik, masa simpa
Fat and Cholesterol Contents of Local Duck (Anas platyrhynchos platyrhynchos) Meat Fed Mash, Paste and Crumble Feeds
No full text
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
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