1,721,015 research outputs found
Locating law and governance on unstable ground: An ethnography of events after a disaster in Taiwan
No full text[[abstract]]The publication of Malinowski's fieldnotes sheds an interesting light on the relationship between field experience, literally speaking, and the writing of ethnography. Anthropological research is, in the final analysis, an endeavor to decode socio-cultural life, but in ethnographic practice it involves the discovery of codes embedded in the actual flow of everyday events and processes. In a field study in Dongshih, Taiwan, I encountered the complexity of lived experience in the wake of a massive earthquake. That particular complexity played out along the fine line between the legal and the illegal in people's negotiation of everyday life, and it forced me to rethink my historical analysis of certain formal codes. During this crisis, the plight of one extended family with jointly owned land made manifest a whole range of unforeseen issues that prompted me to question various existing legal processes. Thus, the 9/21 earthquake of 1999 not only highlighted specific actions that challenged the legal system through social contestation, it also revealed underlying processes that regulate the complexity of social conduct.[[note]]SSC
Building civil society on rubble: Citizenship and the politics of culture in Taiwan
No full text[[abstract]]This article explores a path to organizing politics that differs from the Western model of civil society. I want to argue, first, through analysis of a case in Taiwan, that the state's technologies of governance have radically restructured notions of the social and in turn the way people practice politics; second, as culture has itself become a crucial contest site, the contest has in turn given rise to new forms of political action; and third, that, ironically, the rise of civil society has occurred alongside the revitalization of tradition. In other words, presumably shared "tradition" inspires individuals' political actions, which in practice operate quite separately from the premise of liberal individualism. I conclude that we should look very carefully at the political and social context in which the civil society emerges, and then we can determine in what ways it is connected to people.[[note]]SSC
Enhanced densification of liquid-phase-sintered WC-Co by use of coarse WC powder: Experimental support for the pore-filling theory
No full textDensification during liquid-phase sintering of WC-Co with various WC powder sizes has been measured in order to identify the densification mechanism. During heating of powder compacts in the solid state, densification was enhanced with a reduction of WC powder size. However, the behavior was reversed when the densification occurred in the presence of a liquid: enhanced densification with increasing WC powder size. This result is in contradiction to a prediction of the conventional theory of liquid-phase sintering, the contact flattening theory, but in good agreement with a prediction of the pore-filting theory. Microstructural analysis further confirmed that the densification at the liquid-phase sintering temperature occurred by pore filling. The calculated densification kinetics based on the pore-filling theory also fitted well with the measured data. The observed densification behavior thus demonstrates experimentally the prediction of the pore-filling theory that the densification is enhanced with increasing average grain size for the same pore size distribution
Etching for microstructural observation of cemented submicrometer-sized carbides
No full textWhen carbide grains in a metal matrix are very small (less than -1 mum), the microstructure is difficult to observe and characterize, because the grain interfaces cannot be distinguished easily via scanning electron microscopy (SEM) when the material is etched conventionally in a Murakami solution or in H2O-diluted HCl. This difficulty can be overcome by etching in a newly developed etchant: 90H(2)O(2)-10HNO(3) (by vol%), After an etching of a WC-Co sample that contained submicrometer-sized grains, the individual grains were distinctly observable via SEM, During the etching, the dissolution rates of WC grains were different, depending on their crystallographic plane, which allowed the grain boundaries to be distinguished through observation via SEM, In addition, dissolution of the cobalt matrix occurred much faster than did the etching of the WC grains. The WC/Co interface also was revealed clearly under high magnification, because of minimization of the electromagnetic interaction between the cobalt and the electron beam of the SEM apparatus
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
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