181,667 research outputs found
Matheuristic Fixed Set Search Applied to the K-Dominating Set Problem
No full textIn a wide range of real-world covering problems, like finding the optimal locations of electric vehicle charging stations, it is of high importance to have resistance to component failures. One effective way of modeling this type of robustness is the k-dominating set problem. Solving this problem is computationally challenging due to its NP-hardness. This challenge is tackled by employing the fixed search set (FSS) metaheuristic. The Matheuristic Fixed Set Search (MFSS) is applied, which combines mathematical programming and the FSS learning mechanism. We perform extensive computational experiments on commonly used benchmark instances, comparing the algorithm's performance against the well-known GRASP metaheuristic and the commercial solver CPLEX. The experimental findings show that the proposed MFSS algorithm produces highly competitive results at a lower computational cost
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
No full textWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Optimal network topology of multi-agent systems subject to computation and communication latency
No full textWe study minimum-variance feedback-control design for a networked control system with retarded dynamics, where inter-agent information exchange is subject to latency. We prove that such a control design can be solved efficiently for circular formations and compute near-optimal control gains in closed form. Also, we show that the centralized control is in general a poor design choice when adding communication links to the network increases the latency, and propose a control-driven optimization of the network topology
ALICE: adaptive learning via interactive, collaborative and emotional approaches
No full textGrid technologies are rising as the next generation of Internet by defining a powerful computing paradigm by analogy with the electric Power Grid. A Grid user is able to use his private workplace to invoke any application from a remote system, use the system best suited for executing that application, access data securely and consistently from remote sites, exploit multiple systems to complete economically complex tasks or to solve large problems that exceed the capacity of a single system. Grid could be used as a technology “glue” providing users with a uniform way to access resources by means of several devices. These technologies can provide, in a natural way, a support for Technology Enhanced Learning (TEL) by enabling new learning environments based on collaboration, social interaction, experience, realism, personalisation, ubiquity, accessibility and contextualisation. Nevertheless, to be effectively used in TEL, Grid must be complemented with other elements like semantics and educational modelling so bringing to the concept of “Grid for Learning” whose description is the object of this paper
can decentralized control outperform centralized? the role of communication latency
No full textIn this paper, we examine the influence of communication latency on performance of networked control systems. Even though distributed control architectures offer advantages in terms of communication, maintenance costs, and scalability, it is an open question how communication latency that varies with network topology influences closed-loop performance. For networks in which delays increase with the number of links, we establish the existence of a fundamental performance trade-off that arises from control architecture. In particular, we utilize consensus dynamics with single- and double-integrator agents to show that, if delays increase fast enough, a sparse controller with nearest neighbor interactions can outperform the centralized one with all-to-all communication topology
New elements on Jules Regnault’s Calcul des chances et philosophie de la bourse [Calculation of the Chance and Philosophy of the Stock Market]: a very well diffused book and new connections with Louis Bachelier
No full textIt is nowadays well-known that the first publication about the random character of stock market prices date back to 1863 with Jules Regnault’s Calcul des chances et philosophie de la bourse [Calculation of the Chance and Philosophy of the Stock Market]. This book is the first work in modern finance we know today. Unfortunately, to date, we did not have significant information about the diffusion of this book and its influence. Recently several new elements have been discovered that change markedly what we thought we knew about Jules Regnault and about the dissemination and application of his ideas. This article presents and analyzes these new elements. It shows that this author grew up in an intellectual environment in Brussels closely associated with some of the most influent academics and mathematicians at this time. This article also shows that this book was largely diffused and more importantly it circulated among the most important French mathematicians interested in the application of the calculus of probability to finance and social issues when Louis Bachelier started his doctoral studies. This article sheds new light on the early history of financial economics and provides clear connections between Jules Regnault and Louis Bachelier
"Closing the R&D Gap, Evaluating the Sources of R&D Spending"
No full textBoth spending and tax policies have been implemented in the United States with the goal of stimulating private sector research and development (R&D). Karier questions whether current R&D policy, especially the research and experimentation tax credit, can contribute to closing the gap between nondefense expenditures on R&D in the United States and such expenditures in other countries, such as Japan and Germany. He also explores possible changes to our current R&D policy to make it more effective.
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
No full textThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
The Development of Financial Economics in France between the Mid-1970s and the Early 1980s: Import or Rediscovery?
No full textTo date, little research has documented the international diffusion of financial economics. Financial economics was supposedly “introduced” in France in the 1970s. Some analysts have argued that it is an American author—Leonard J. Savage—who allowed French authors to rediscover Louis Bachelier’s work, indicating that “a prophet is not without honor, save in his own country.” The present article challenges this conventional narrative and studies for the first time how financial economics was disseminated in France between the mid-1970s and the early 1980s. It shows that, when financial economics was “imported” from the United States in France in 1970s, some pioneering French contributions have been taught for almost a century. Based on this result, the article explains why the French authors who disseminated these ideas rarely referred to the works of French forerunners. It also clarifies the role of the French economists in this process. All of this suggests that the “import” of financial economics in France was in fact a reintroduction
Letter from R. R. Zellick, Assistant Trust Officer, Anglo California National Bank of San Francisco, to Joseph R. Goodman, October 2, 1942
No full textLetter from R. R. Zellick, Assistant Trust Officer at The Anglo California National Bank of San Francisco, to Joseph R. Goodman, regarding property owned by Dave Tatsuno. Zellick mentions a dispute between current tenants and Tatsuno, and that Tatsuno has asked Goodman to help locate trustworthy tenants.Personal correspondence, organizational records, government documents, publications, and other papers created or collected by Joseph R. Goodman documenting the forced removal and incarceration of Japanese Americans during World War II, as well as organized resistance to incarceration. Included in the collection are records of the Japanese Young Men's Christian Association and the Japanese American Citizens' League in San Francisco, including papers of the Japanese YMCA's executive secretary Lincoln Kanai; Sakai family papers; Goodman's correspondence to and from Japanese American incarcerees, organizations opposing forced removal and incarceration of Japanese Americans, the War Relocation Authority, and others; publications, photographs, and ephemera from the Topaz Relocation Center, where Goodman taught high school; War Relocation Authority records and publications; and newspaper clippings, pamphlets, and reports about forced removal and incarceration created by various government, religious, and civic organizations, in California and nationwide
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