1,720,954 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Advanced technological solutions to the negative perceptions of nuclear power plants
No full textThesis (Master of Engineering in Electrical Engineering)--Cape Peninsula University of Technology, 2018.Worldwide a movement is underway to replace the burning of limited fossil fuel reserves for power generation with a cleaner, more efficient, yet still reliable and cost-effective method. Even though renewable technologies are often among the most common proposed, they are still limited by factors such as cost when considering large scale generation. Further requirements for replacing fossil fuel generation methods include the need to provide a continuous and reliable output for base load requirements, which is difficult to guarantee when making use of renewables alone. The proposed alternative is nuclear energy, as it is a reliable and cleaner method of power generation as compared to fossil fuels, capable of providing cost effective energy in the long run. The downside to nuclear energy, however, is the negative perception and general dislike of this method of generation, especially among the public who have been around this technology since its early days of implementation. The aim of this study is, therefore, to inform and prove that nuclear technology has evolved and come a long way since its early days, by making use of advanced technological solutions to address the fears associated with this technology from many years ago. The study further aims to prove that technologies such as
advanced safety systems, new generations of reactors, advanced containment structures for both reactors and waste containment, as well as new waste disposal methods, have evolved nuclear energy into a safer and cleaner alternative method of power generation. This is achieved by first considering the origin of the negative perceptions surrounding the technology, and the nuclear accidents of the past, which have greatly influenced opinions about nuclear technology even up until today. After identifying the concerns and fears surrounding nuclear energy, research was conducted concerning how the latest technologies and innovations in safety systems are used to address these concerns, and ultimately eliminate the threats where possible. With the biggest concern identified, namely a core meltdown event
leading to the release of radioactive material into the environment, two simulations were conducted to illustrate the unlikelihood of such an event occurring. The purpose of these simulations was, moreover, to illustrate the complexity and reliability of the various safety systems incorporated into the design of a nuclear power plant, preventing such a feared release of radioactivity from occurring. The research also importantly revealed that the dangers and possible threats posed by nuclear technology are often grossly overestimated, as under normal operating conditions a coal power plant, in fact, releases more radiation into the environment than a nuclear power plant. Further research reveals that the feared nuclear waste, produced by the nuclear industry yet regulated and disposed of properly, is only a small fraction of the highly hazardous waste produced on an annual basis worldwide. It is also revealed that in terms of
fatalities, fossil fuel generation, on average, is responsible for more deaths annually than the biggest nuclear disasters that have ever occurred. Addressing the fears and concerns surrounding nuclear technology is therefore important, as this valuable resource may otherwise remain under-appreciated and under-utilised because of the misperceptions which currently exist amongst the public. This furthermore results in the unnecessary exhaustion of fossil fuel reserves, and concomitant pollution of the environment – all due to antiquated fears surrounding nuclear power plants
A passive night-sky radiation system
No full textThesis (MEng) -- Stellenbosch University, 2014.ENGLISH ABSTRACT: A passive night-sky radiation cooling system consists of a radiation panel and
a cold water storage tank. The stored cold water may be used to cool a room
during the day time, particularly in summer. In this thesis a theoretical and
mathematically sound simulation model is developed. An experimental set-up
was constructed and subsequently used to show that the theoretical model
effectively simulates the transient heating or cooling response of the system.
It is shown that under South African conditions the typical heat emitting rate
during the night is 55 W/m2. After the heat has been removed from the water,
it is stored in a cold water tank from where it is circulated through a natural
convector during the day time to absorb heat from the room. The experiment
extracted a minimum of 102 W/m3 of heat from a 1.87 m3 galvanized steel room
while a brick room with a volume of 120 m3 requires 22.7 W/m3. Additional
to cooling, the system during the day, absorbed an average of 362 W of energy
and heated 68 l of water from 24 °C to 62 °C within an 8-hour period. The
system achieved similar results during winter conditions and the experiment
confirms that the system is capable of operating without a control system.
Therefore it is recommended that renewable energy-conscious designers pay
more attention to the use of night-sky radiation cooling in future.AFRIKKANSE OPSOMMING: en ’n koue water tenk. Die sisteem kan gebruik word om ’n vertrek gedurende
die dag te verkoel, veral in die somer, deur gebruik te maak van die gestoorde
verkoelde water. In hierdie tesis word ’n teoretiese en sinvolle wiskundige
simulasie model ontwikkel. ’n Eksperimentele stelsel is gebou en vervolgens
gebruik om te bewys dat die teoretiese model die veranderende verkoeling en
verwarming van die stelsel effektief simuleer.
Die tesis dui aan dat onder Suid Afrikaanse toestande daar ’n hitte vrystellings
tempo van 55 W/m2 is gedurende die nag. Nadat die water verkoel is, word
dit gestoor in die koue water tenk vanwaar dit deur ’n natuurlike konvektor
sirkuleer en gedurende die dag warmte vanuit die vertrek onttrek. Die eksperiment
het ’n minimum van 102 W/m3 warmte vanuit die galvaniseerde 1.87 m3
vertrek geabsorbeer, terwyl ’n baksteen vertrek van 120 m3, 22.7 W/m3 verkoeling
benodig. Bykomstig tot die verkoelingstelsel verhit die sisteem 68 l
water vanaf 24 °C to 62 °C gedurende ’n 8-uur periode in die dag, dus word
362Wenergie geabsorbeer. Die sisteem is ook getoets tydens winter toestande,
die resultate was dieselfde as wat in die somer verkry is. Verder is daar ook
bewys dat die sisteem sonder enige beheerstelsel kan funksioneer. Verder word
daar aanbeveel dat hernubare energie bewuste ontwerpers in die toekoms meer
aandag aan ruimte straling verkoeling skenk
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
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