1,224 research outputs found
RNA Sequencing Reveals Differential Expression of Mitochondrial and Oxidation Reduction Genes in the Long-Lived Naked Mole-Rat When Compared to Mice
No full textPubMed ID: 22073188This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited
[[alternative]]Investigation of Student's Mole Concepts in Vocational High Schools
No full text[[abstract]]The purposes of this study were to probe into the understanding ot mole concepts of students, to investigate students' misconceptions, and to find the relationships between students' cognitive development and achievement of mole concepts. The subjects were students from grade 10 to 12. Totally 903 students completed the tests,
The instruments used in this research were as followings: (1) "Diagnostic test of mole concepts with a paper and pencil multiple choice format". In this test it consisted of three main topics: basic mole concepts, mole related concepts and stoichiometry of mole concepts. (2) "Proportional reasoning ability test". It was a group demonstration test.
The main findings of this paper were: (1) Students' held some misunderstandings of basic mole concepts. Students could not recognize atoms and molecules from chemical formulas, could not identify chemical symbols and subscripts in a chemical formula, and could not distinguished the meanings of atomic weight and molecular weight. (2) Students had some misconceptions of the mole concepts. Students thought that the concepts of mole are the units of mass, or the units of concentration. Two materials with the same numbers of moles whether they composed of molecules or atoms, if their numbers of mole were the same, then they were the same in quantity of mass, numbers of molecules or atoms. (3) Students incorrectly used stoichiometry of mole concepts. Students thought that quantity of mass, or number of mole, or numbers of atom in atom B in molecule AxBy was y / ( x+y ) times the quantity of mass, number of mole or number of molecule of AxBy. (4) Students' misunderstanding of mole concepts qualitatively would not affecting their calculation abilities in the quantitative problems. It is probably that students treated this kind of problems as mathematics. (5) There was a significant correlation statistically ( p<.001 ) between students' proportional reasoning abilities and the achievement of mole concepts.
Sexuality and nationality: homophobic discourse and the 'national threat' in contemporary Latvia
No full textThis paper considers why attitudes towards gays and lesbians in
Latvia appear to be more intolerant than in all other EU member states. The paper
argues that while the legacy of communist discourses on homosexuality and
the impact of post-communist transition have played a role in shaping attitudes
towards sexuality and sexual minorities in Central and Eastern Europe, these
factors cannot sufficiently explain the divergence among post-communist states
and, in particular, do not account for Latvia’s extreme position. While acknowledging
that intolerance towards non-heteronormative sexualities cannot be explained
by a single factor, the paper argues that homosexuality has become particularly
reviled in Latvia because it has been widely discursively constructed as
a threat to the continued existence of the nation
Reproductive behavior of the blind mole-rat (<i>Spalax ehrenbergi</i>) in a seminatural burrow system
No full text The blind mole-rat (Spalax ehrenbergi) is a fossorial mammal that is solitary and highly aggressive in nature. The consequent difficulties of maintaining this species in captivity have hindered attempts to gain insight into its behavior and reproductive biology. This article describes an innovative artificial tunnel system and management protocol that facilitated our study of the reproductive behavior of the blind mole-rat in captivity. The study employed a naturalistic approach that allowed the animals to establish separate territories in a seminatural tunnel system and to become familiar with each other over a period of months. This approach contrasts with previous unsuccessful attempts in which mole-rats were introduced without a period of acclimation to each other or to the experimental set-up. The results reveal that both the length of acquaintance between a pair of mole-rats and their own control of the timing of encounters are the most significant factors in reducing aggression and stress. Courtship in blind mole-rats is a lengthy process during which the animals gradually become accustomed to one another, which leads to a reduction of aggression and the initiation of positive "contact movements," eventually enabling copulation to occur. Minimal disturbance by the researcher and initiation of encounters by the mole-rats themselves appear to be the factors that led to a successful mating, pregnancy, and, 34 days later, to the female giving birth and rearing the pups in captivity. </jats:p
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Chronological Development of Behavior in the Blind Mole Rat (Spalax Ehrenbergi)
No full textThe blind mole rat {Spalax ehrenbergi) is a potentially highly aggressive solitary, subterranean rodent. Data on growth and development of pups are lacking since it is difficult to raise pups in captivity and, until recently, the blind mole rat has never bred in captivity. In this study six litters were maintained in six large semi-natural setups. We describe for the first time the chronological development of behavior in the blind mole rat from day of birth until the young disperse and establish their own independentterritories. The relatively short gestation period (34 days) and low birth mass(5-6 g) combined with the need to acquire all survival skills prior to dispersal, are probably correlated with the relatively lengthy development of the blind mole ratcompared to Bathyergidae
L’Irlande du Nord devant la CEDH
No full textL’histoire de l’Irlande du Nord devant la Cour Européenne des Droits de l’Homme remonte à 1978 et à la première définition de la torture et des peines ou traitements inhumains ou dégradants par la Cour. Dans cet entretien, Maître Nuala Mole, revient sur les différentes condamnations du Royaume-Uni par la Cour Européenne des Droits de l’Homme pour notamment violation du droit à la vie en Irlande du Nord. En détaillant les décisions de la CEDH dans quatre procédures engagées par les familles de onze personnes tuées par les forces de sécurité et d’un individu tué par un groupe armé protestant avec la complicité présumée de responsables de l’application des lois, Maître Nuala Mole souligne combien ces arrêts ont des répercussions majeures, non seulement pour les familles des victimes tuées dans des circonstances douteuses dont le cas a été examiné par la Cour, mais aussi sur de nombreuses autres affaires ayant eu lieu en Irlande du Nord, ainsi que sur des procédures engagées dans le reste du Royaume-Uni et d’autres pays européens.The history of Northern Ireland and the European Court of Human Rights goes back to 1978 and to the Court’s first definition of torture and inhuman or degrading sentences or treatments. In this interview, Nuala Mole refers to the various sentences the United Kingdom was condemned to, by the ECHR, for violation of the right to life in Northern Ireland. The international lawyer details the decisions of the Court in four procedures engaged by the next to kin of eleven people killed by the security forces and of an individual killed by a protestant armed group with the presumed complicity of the laws applications chiefs. The author highlights how these judgements have major repercussions for the next to kin but also for many other affairs that have occurred in Northern Ireland, as well as for other procedures that have been started in the United Kingdom and other European countries
Fall Mole Cricket Control on Golf Courses, 1996B
No full textAbstract
This experiment was conducted on fairways 12 and 13 at the Jackson County Golf Course in Jackson County on the Gulf Coast of Mississippi. Soil type was a sandy clay loam. Mole crickets were midinstar nymphs. Exper imental design was RCB with 4 replications. Each replication was 2,00 ft2. Treatments were made on 26 Aug. Granular formulations were applied with ;: Scotts ProTurf, hand-pushed spreader. Rainfall from 25 to 24 Sep was a total of 8.0 inches during this study. All plots received 0.33 inch water within hour after applications. Mole cricket damage ratings were made using a 1-m2 frame divided into nine equal, square-shaped sections. The frame was placet1 on the ground in 10 locations/rep. The presence of mounds and tunnels was determined visually and by touch. Damage ranged from zero (no damage ii any of the nine sections) to nine (nine sections contained mounds and/or tunnels). Pretreatment counts were made on 26 Aug and post-treatment count were made on 3, 10, 17 and 24 Sep.</jats:p
Fall Mole Cricket Control on Golf Courses, 1995C
No full textAbstract
This experiment was conducted on fairways 10, 12, 13, 15 and 18 at the Jackson County Golf Course in Jackson County on the Gulf Coast of Mississippi. Soil type was a sandy clay loam. Mole crickets were midinstar nymphs Experimental design was a RCB with 4 replications. Each replication was 2,000 ft2. Treatments were made on 24 Oct. Granular formulations were applied with a Scotts ProTurf, hand-pushed spreader. Liquid and wettable powder formulations were applied with a Solo Knapsack sprayer using a fan nozzle at 25 psi, and a spray volume of 2 gal per 2,000 ft2. Rainfall from 24 Oct to 11 Nov was a total of 16.41 inches during this study. All plots received 0.33 inch water within 1 hour after applications. Mole cricket damage was rated using a 1 m2 frame divided into nine equal, square-shaped sections. The frame was placed on the ground at 10 locations/replicate. The presence of mounds and tunnels was determined visually and by touch. Damage ranged from zero (no damage in any of the nine sections) to nine (nine sections contained mounds and/or tunnels). Pretreatment counts were made on 24 Oct and post-treatmem counts were made on 31 Oct and 6, 13 and 20 Nov.</jats:p
Intraspecific differentiation in the lesser Japanese mole in eastern Honshu, Japan, indicated by nuclear and mitochondrial gene analyses.
No full textThe lesser Japanese mole, Mogera imaizumii, recognized by Motokawa and Abe (1996), occurs in eastern Honshu, western Honshu and Shikoku. Mitochondrial and nuclear DNA were analyzed for mole samples from eastern Honshu to elucidate intraspecific differentiation. Analyses of sequences of the mitochondrial cytochrome b gene (Cytb) and of a restriction fragment length polymorphism of the nuclear 28S ribosomal RNA gene spacer (rDNA-RFLP) revealed two genetic types, partially corresponding to Hutterer's (1993) taxa, M. wogura (= M. imaizumii) and M. minor. Most samples showed either of two combinations of mitochondrial / nuclear gene types. However, two specimens showed a different combination. This incongruent combination of mitochondrial and nuclear genes might have derived, in part, from an introgression event between genetically differentiated populations after secondary contact during the evolutionary history of the lesser Japanese mole in eastern Honshu
Fall Mole Cricket Control on Golf Courses, 1995B
No full textAbstract
This experiment was conducted on fairways 11, 13 and 16 at the Jackson County Golf Course in Jackson County on the Gulf Coast of Mississippi. Soil type was a sandy clay loam. Mole crickets were midinstar nymphs. Experimental design was a RCB with 4 replications. Each replication was 2,000 ft2. Treatments were made on 19 Sep. Granular formulations were applied with a Scotts ProTurf, hand-pushed spreader. Liquid and wettable powder formulations were applied with a Solo Knapsack sprayer using a fan nozzle at 25 psi, and a spray volume of 2 gal per 2,000 ft2. Rainfall from 19 Sep to 10 Oct was a total of 13.33 inches during this study. All plots except Orthene plots received 0.25 inch water within 1 h after applications. Orthene plots received 0.25 inch water immediately prior to application. Mole cricket damage was rated using a 1 m2 frame divided into nine equal, square-shaped sections. The frame was placed on the ground at 10 locations/replicate. The presence of mounds and tunnels was determined visually and by touch. Damage ranged from zero (no damage in any of the nine sections) to nine (nine sections contained mounds and/or tunnels). Pretreatment counts were made on 19 Sep and post-treatment counts were made on 26 Sep and 3, 10 and 17 Oct.</jats:p
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