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De la filosofía de la locura a la higiene del alma. Joseph Daquin (1732-1815)
Get PDFLa Philosophie de la folie (1791; 2nd ed.: 1804) constitutes an essential precursor of what would later come to be known as moral treatment. Its author, Joseph Daquin, was a physician at the Hospice des Incurables patients in the city of Chambèry (formerly the Duchy of Savoy; Kingdom of Piedmont-Sardinia) from 1788. The work contains his thoughts on nature and the causes of madness, and is clearly in tune with the philanthropic trends of the end of the Enlightenment. It defends humane treatment of lunatics at all times, revises traditional treatments and introduces new forms of therapy. Daquin emphasizes the Hippocratic (and enlightened) prudence of the vis medicatrix naturae and diet, understood as a regimen for life, as the health of the soul. In short, a detailed analysis of the work by Daquin, overlooked by his Parisian contemporaries, will enable us to evaluate and affirm his importance to the origins of alienism.La Philosophie de la folie (1791; 2ª ed.: 1804) constituye uno de los antecedentes fundamentales de lo que más tarde se denominaría tratamiento moral. Su autor, Joseph Daquin, fue médico en el Hospice des Incurables de la ciudad de Chambèry (antiguo ducado de Saboya; Reino de Piamonte-Cerdeña) desde 1788. La obra recoge sus reflexiones sobre la naturaleza y las causas de la locura y se sitúa con claridad en las corrientes filantrópicas del fin de las luces; defiende en todo momento el trato humanitario a los orates, revisa los tratamientos tradicionales e introduce nuevas formas de terapia, entre las que destaca la prudencia hipocrática (e ilustrada) de la vis medicatrix naturae y la dieta, entendida como régimen de vida, como higiene del alma. En definitiva, un análisis pormenorizado de la obra de Daquin, omitida por sus contemporáneos parisinos, nos permitirá valorar y reivindicar su importancia en el origen del alienismo
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
SOBRE LAS PASIONES [1805] (Fragmento) (About the passions [1805] (Fragment))
No full textFragmento tomado de Étienne Esquirol. Sobre las pasiones – Joseph Daquin. La filosofía de la locura (2000). Madrid: Asociación Española de Neuropsiquiatría.
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
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