25 research outputs found
Twisting Theory: ANew Artificial Adaptive System for Landslide Prediction
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Twisting Theory: A New Artificial Adaptive System for Landslide Prediction
by Paolo Massimo Buscema 1,2,*ORCID,Weldon A. Lodwick 2,Masoud Asadi-Zeydabadi 2,Francis Newman 2,Marco Breda 1ORCID,Riccardo Petritoli 1,Giulia Massini 1,David Buscema 1,Donatella Dominici 3ORCID andFabio Radicioni 4ORCID
1
Semeion Research Center of Sciences of Communication, 00128 Rome, Italy
2
Department of Mathematical and Statistical Sciences, University of Colorado, Denver, CO 80204, USA
3
Department of Civil, Construction-Architectural and Environmental Engineering, University of L’Aquila, 67100 L’Aquila, Italy
4
Department of Engineering, University of Perugia, 06123 Perugia, Italy
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Geosciences 2023, 13(4), 115; https://doi.org/10.3390/geosciences13040115
Submission received: 29 December 2022 / Revised: 22 March 2023 / Accepted: 24 March 2023 / Published: 12 April 2023
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Geophysical Risks: The Future of Observatories, The Observatories of the Future)
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Abstract
Landslides pose a significant risk to human life. The Twisting Theory (TWT) and Crown Clustering Algorithm (CCA) are innovative adaptive algorithms that can determine the shape of a landslide and predict its future evolution based on the movement of position sensors located in the affected area. In the first part of this study, the TWT and CCA will be thoroughly explained from a mathematical and theoretical perspective. In the second part, these algorithms will be applied to real-life cases, the Assisi landslide (1995–2008) and the Corvara landslide (2000–2008). A correlation of 0.9997 was attained between the model estimates and the expert’s posterior measurements at both examined sites. The results of these applications reveal that the TWT can accurately identify the overall shape of the landslides and predict their progression, while the CCA identifies complex cause-and-effect relationships among the sensors and represents them in a clear, weighted graph. To apply this model to a wider area and secure regions at risk of landslides, it is important to emphasize its operational feasibility as it only requires the installation of GNSS sensors in a predetermined grid in the target area
Photodetection with novel materials: Colloidal quantum dots nanoribbons and layered materials
No full textQN/Quantum NanoscienceApplied Science
Long-term follow-up of efficacy and safety of selinexor maintenance treatment in patients with TP53wt advanced or recurrent endometrial cancer: A subgroup analysis of the ENGOT-EN5/GOG-3055/SIENDO study
No full textObjective: To report long-term efficacy and safety of selinexor maintenance therapy in adults with TP53 wild-type (TP53wt) stage IV or recurrent endometrial cancer (EC) who achieved partial remission (PR) or complete remission (CR) following chemotherapy. Methods: Analysis of the prespecified, exploratory subgroup of patients with TP53wt EC from the phase 3 SIENDO study was performed. Progression-free survival (PFS) benefit in patients with TP53wt EC and across other patient subgroups were exploratory endpoints. Safety and tolerability were also assessed. Results: Of the 263 patients enrolled in the SIENDO trial, 113 patients had TP53wt EC; 70/113 (61.9%) had TP53wt/proficient mismatch repair (pMMR) EC, and 29/113 (25.7%) had TP53wt/deficient mismatch repair (dMMR) EC. As of April 1, 2024, the median PFS (mPFS) for TP53wt patients who received selinexor compared with placebo was 28.4 versus 5.2 months (36.8-month follow-up, HR 0.44; 95% CI 0.27-0.73). A benefit in mPFS was seen with selinexor versus placebo regardless of MMR status (patients with TP53wt/pMMR EC: 39.5 vs 4.9 months, HR 0.36; 95% CI 0.19-0.71; patients with TP53wt/dMMR EC: 13.1 vs 3.7 months, HR 0.49; 95% CI 0.18-1.34). Selinexor treatment was generally manageable, with no new safety signals identified. Conclusion: In the phase 3 SIENDO study, selinexor maintenance therapy showed a promising efficacy signal and a manageable safety profile in the prespecified subgroup of patients with TP53wt EC who achieved a PR or CR following chemotherapy. These results are being further evaluated in an ongoing randomized phase 3 trial (NCT05611931)
Abstract A53: Outcomes and genomic mutation profiling results in a subset of patients with gynecologic cancers treated with buparlisib in the Signature Program
No full textPilot Study of the Prospective Identification of Changes in Cognitive Function During Chemotherapy Treatment for Advanced Ovarian Cancer
No full textQuality of life in patients with recurrent ovarian cancer treated with niraparib versus placebo (ENGOT-OV16/NOVA) : results from a double-blind, phase 3, randomised controlled trial
No full textBackground: Quality of life (QOL) has become an important complementary endpoint in cancer clinical studies alongside more traditional assessments (eg, tumour response, progression-free survival, overall survival). Niraparib maintenance treatment has been shown to significantly improve progression-free survival in patients with recurrent ovarian cancer. We aimed to assess whether the benefits of extending progression-free survival are offset by treatment-associated toxic effects that affect QOL. Methods: The ENGOT-OV16/NOVA trial was a multicentre, double-blind, phase 3, randomised controlled trial done in 107 study sites in the USA, Canada, Europe, and Israel. Patients with recurrent ovarian cancer who were in response to their last platinum-based chemotherapy were randomly assigned (2:1) to receive either niraparib (300 mg once daily) as a maintenance treatment or placebo. Randomisation was stratified based on time to progression after the penultimate platinum-based regimen, previous use of bevacizumab, and best response (complete or partial) to the last platinum-based regimen with permuted-block randomisation (six in each block) using an interactive web response system. The trial enrolled two independent cohorts on the basis of germline BRCA (gBRCA) mutation status (determined by BRACAnalysis Testing, Myriad Genetics, Salt Lake City, UT, USA). The primary endpoint of the trial was progression-free survival, and has already been reported. In this study, we assessed patient-reported outcomes (PROs) in the intention-to-treat population using the Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy–Ovarian Symptoms Index (FOSI) and European QOL five-dimension five-level questionnaire (EQ-5D-5L). We collected PROs from trial entry every 8 weeks for the first 14 cycles and every 12 weeks thereafter. If a patient discontinued, we collected PROs at discontinuation and during a postprogression visit 8 weeks (plus or minus 2 weeks) later. We assessed the effect of haematological toxic effects on QOL with disutility analyses of the most common grade 3–4 adverse events (thrombocytopenia, anaemia, and neutropenia) using a mixed model with histology, region, previous treatment, age, planned treatment, and baseline score as covariates. This study is registered with ClinicalTrials.gov, number NCT01847274. Findings: Between Aug 28, 2013, and June 1, 2015, 553 patients were enrolled and randomly assigned to receive niraparib (n=138 in the gBRCAmut cohort, n=234 in the non-gBRCAmut cohort) or placebo (n=65 in the gBRCAmut cohort, n=116 in the non-gBRCAmut cohort). The mean FOSI score at baseline was similar between the two groups (range between 25·0–25·6 in the two groups). Overall QOL scores remained stable during the treatment and preprogression period in the niraparib group; no significant differences were observed between the niraparib and placebo group, and preprogression EQ-5D-5L scores were similar between the two groups in both cohorts (0·838 [0·0097] in the niraparib group vs 0·834 [0·0173] in the placebo group in the gBRCAmut cohort; and 0·833 [0·0077] in the niraparib group vs 0·815 [0·0122] in the placebo group in the non-gBRCAmut cohort). The most common adverse events reported at screening (baseline) were lack of energy (425 [79%]; 97 [18%] reporting severe lack of energy), pain (236 [44%]), and nausea (118 [22%]). All symptoms, except nausea, either remained stable or improved over time in the niraparib group. The most common grade 3 or 4 toxicities observed in the niraparib group were haematological in nature: thrombocytopenia (124 [34%] of 367 patients), anaemia (93 [25%]), and neutropenia (72 [20%]); disutility analyses showed no significant QOL impairment associated with these toxic effects. Interpretation: These PRO data suggest that women who receive niraparib as maintenance treatment for recurrent ovarian cancer after responding to platinum treatment are able to maintain QOL during their treatment when compared with placebo. Funding: TESARO
